Chelex-100树脂对铅、镉、钠的吸附性能及其应用于原子吸收光谱法测定高盐食品中铅、镉含量

对铅、镉和钠在Chelex-100树脂上于不同pH值的介质中的分配系数（K_d）和吸附容量进行了研究。结果表明:在pH 1～8的介质中Na⁺的K_d<3,即在Chelex-100树脂上无吸附;在pH>4的介质中,Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺的K_d>10⁴,即强吸附于Chelex-100树脂上;而用0.16 mol·L^-1硝酸溶液可将吸附于树脂上的Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺完全洗脱下来。在此基础上提出了一种Chelex-100树脂分离原子吸收光谱法测定高盐食品中重金属元素含量的方法。方法用于高盐食品分析,加标回收率在93.1%～102%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差（n=5）在0.5%～3.4%之间。     

冷冻去脂-液液分配净化/气相色谱-质谱法测定化妆品中16种多环芳烃

建立了保湿护肤系列化妆品中16种多环芳烃的气相色谱-质谱测定法。对于水剂样品,采用环己烷提取、浓缩等简单前处理;对于膏霜剂样品,采用乙腈+丙酮(8+2,V/V)涡旋提取样品中的待测物,提取液经冷冻去脂、液液萃取净化(氨水-环己烷、水-环己烷),气相色谱-质谱法测定。16种多环芳烃在1～50μg/L均与对应峰面积呈良好线性关系。添加量在1～50μg/kg时,平均回收率(n=6)为78.1%～103.7%,相对标准偏差为2.4%～7.1%,方法检测限为1～10μg/kg。该法可用于化妆品中16种多环芳烃的测定。     

苯系物Lewis酸碱性的定量化尝试及估算

Lewis酸碱理论研究目前尚处于定性阶段,在环境化学上应用甚少,Gutmann等曾采用热力学与~(31)P NMR方法定量了少量有机溶剂的酸碱性,Kamlet等也利用~(19)F NMR测定了一些有机物的碱性.本文提出了一种利用多种溶剂/水分配系数来定量苯系物酸碱性的方法,该法简便、快速,有广泛的适用性。     

An Integrated Theory of Adsorption and Partition Mechanism and Eash Contribution to Solute Retention in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography

With the combination of the the stoichiometric displacement model for retention (SDM-R) in reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and the stoichiometric displacement model for adsorption (SDM-A) in physical chemistry,the total number of moles of the re-solvated methanol of stationary phase side.nr,and that of solute side in the mobile phase,q,corresponding the one mole of the desorbing solute,were separately determined and referred as the characterization parameters of the contributions of the adsorption mechanism and partition mechanism to the solute retention,respectively.A chromatographic system of insulin,using mobile phase consisting of the pseudo-homologue of alcohols(methanol,ethanol and 2-propanol)-water and trifluoroacetic acid was employed.The maximum number of the methanol layers on the stationary phase surface was found to be 10.6,only 3 of which being valid in usual RPLC,traditionally referred as a volume process in partition mechanism.However,it still follows the SDM-R.Both of q and nr of insulin were found not to be zero,indicating that the retention mechanism of insulin is a mixed mode of partition mechanism and adsorption mechanism.When methanol is used as the organic modifier,the ratio of q/nr was 1.13,indicating the contribution to insulin retention due to partition mechanism being a bit greater than that due to adsorption mechanism.A linear relationship between q,or nr and the carbon number of the pseudo-homologue in the mobile phase was also found.As a methodology for investigating the retention mechanism retention and behavior of biopolymers.a homologue of organic solvents as the organic modifier in mobile phase has also been explored.     

关于Aa-Bb型缩聚物网络结构的研究——溶胶凝胶分配理论

溶胶凝胶分配理论是在分子水平上表征交联网络结构的有效工具。由Flory等建立和发展起来的这一理论,由于引用了溶胶相无分子内环化反应的假定,特别是在理论推导中将分子内交联反应与分子间的链增长反应对两相分配的贡献未能加以区别,致使理论与实验不符。本文充分考虑了经典理论的这些缺欠,建立了更为符合客观实际的理论模型。同时,用十分简便的方法推导了反应溶胶分数,溶胶反应程度,分子内和分子间总反应程度等量宏观联系的参数方程组。以聚酯为模型化合物的实验研究与本文所得理论结果基本相符。     

仲辛基苯氧基乙酸基本常数的测定

在 2 5℃ ,利用两相滴定法测定了仲辛基苯氧基乙酸 (CA 1 2 )在水中的溶解度S ,离解常数Ka,庚烷中的二聚常数K2 和水 庚烷两相间的分配常数Kd 。实验测得S =1 .40× 1 0 - 4mol L ,Ka=3 .0 2×1 0 - 4,K2 =3 .5 6× 1 0 2 ,Kd=4.0 6× 1 0 2 。     

A New 3D Four-Wing Chaotic System with Cubic Nonlinearity and Its Circuit Implementation

A new 3D four-wing smooth autonomous chaotic system in which each equation contains a cubic product term is presented and physically implemented. Spectral analysis shows that the four-wing chaotic attractor has extremely wide frequency bandwidth compared with that of the Lorenz system and other four-wing chaotic systems, which is important in some relevant engineering applications such as secure communications.     

一阶时滞微分方程解的零点分布

Abstract. The paper gives two estimates of the distance between adjacent zeros of solutions     

贷款分配方法的数学模型及其解法

为了解决三角债问题，银行给出一笔贷款，应该如何分配这笔贷款，使清理的债务达到最大。本文建立这个问题的数学模型，并且给出一个解法。     

一种稳定的自由空间量子密钥分配实验系统

基于量子密钥分配的基本原理,采用B92方案,以单光子作为信息载体,使用极化编码,搭建了一个简单易行的实验装置,实现了自由空间传输的量子密钥分配,平均每脉冲光子数为0．1,粗码率12．7kbits／s,误码率4％左右。