一堂物理课

 我是一位中学教师,我深爱《现代物理知识》,在讲授《卢瑟福核式结构》一课时,我向同学们言简意赅地介绍了那上面的一篇文章:《原子核壳模型发现前后》.当我讲述卢瑟福提出有效模型是怎样成功地解释盖革与马斯顿的实验结果时,同学们顿时活跃起来,纷纷想一展身手,体验一次科学发明的过程.然而,物理上的每一个发现,都是科学家凭借坚实的理论基础和实验事实而获得的.在教师的指导下,同学们通过阅读教材,得出了如下结论:“如果是枣糕式模型,α粒子穿过原子内部时,它受到原子内两侧的斥力相互抵消,使α粒子偏转不会很大”.     

Structural Phase Transformations of ZnS Nanocrystalline Under High Pressure

In-situ energy dispersive x-ray diffraction on ZnS nanocrystalline was carried out under high pressure by using a diamond anvil cell. Phase transition of wurtzite of 10nm ZnS to rocksalt occurred at 16.0GPa, which was higher than that of the bulk materials. The structures of ZnS nanocrystalline at different pressures were built by using materials studio and the bulk modulus, and the pressure derivative of ZnS nanocrystalline were derived by fitting the equation of Birch-Murnaghan. The resulting modulus was higher than that of the corresponding bulk material, which indicates that the nanomaterial has higher hardness than its bulk materials.     

Instructions to Authors

General COMMUNICATIONS THEORETICAL PHYSICS is published monthly by the Chinese Physical Society through the Institute of Theoretical Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Articles in this journal are abstracted/indexed in Science Citation Index (SCI), Science Citation Index Expanded(also known as SciSearch), ISI Alerting Services, and CurrentContents/Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences; Science Abstracts (SA), Chemical Abstracts (CA), Mathematical Review(MR), and PЖ, etc. Contributions all over the world are most welcome.     

Preparation and Optical Properties of SnO2／SiO2 Nanocomposite

SnO2/SiO2 nanocomposites have been prepared by the soaking-thermal-decomposing method, tin oxide nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the mesopores of silica. The optical absorption edge of the obtained nanocomposite presents a redshift compared with bulk tin oxide, With the increasing annealing temperature during the procedure of the sample preparation, the optical absorption edge of the sample moves to shorter wavelength (blueshift). These optical properties can be ascribed to the amorphous structure and band defects of surface layers of the tin oxide nanoparticles.     

微纳米加工技术在纳米物理与器件研究中的应用

物质在纳米尺度下可能呈现出与体材料不同的物理特件，这正是纳米科技发展的基础之一。要想探索在纳米尺度下材料物埋性质的变化规律及可能的应用领域，离不开相应的技术手段，微纳米加工技术作为当今高技术发展的重要技术领域之一，是实现功能人工纳米结构与器件微纳米化的基础。本文根据几个不同的应用领域，介绍了微纳米加工技术在纳米物理与器件研究领域的应用。     

新超导体MgCNi3的虚晶掺杂研究

用全势线性缀加平面波方法,考虑局域自旋密度近似研究虚晶掺杂MgCNi3的超导电性和磁性.计算了自旋极化能带结构、体弹性模量和它对压力的导数、原子磁矩 m 及其变化率.计算结果表明,对于电子掺杂的Mg1-xAlxCNi3(0≤x≤0.5), 超导电性和磁涨落随掺杂量的增加逐渐减小.空穴掺杂的Mg1-xNaxCNi3,在x＝0.12处出现铁磁相变,超导电性消失.在MgCNi3少量空穴掺杂区域(0≤x<0.12),表现为超导与磁涨落共存的不稳定状态.     

碳分子线基态特性理论研究

从第一原理出发,利用密度泛函理论B3LYP系统研究了碳分子线Cn(n＝3～10)的电子结构特性.对优化结果分析发现,由于离域效应的作用,当n为奇数时,分子线基态为单重态,反之,当n为偶数时,三重态为其稳定的基态.对其电子结构分析可得,随着n的增加,体系能量逐渐降低;同时本文确定了分子线体系最高占据轨道HOMO能量EH、最低未占据轨道LUMO能量EL与n的关系式,即EHn-2＜EHn＜EHn+2,ELn-2＞ELn＞ELn+2.因而碳分子线的费米能级会表现出特有的奇偶性.该工作将有利于准确认识分子器件的伏安特性,设计出良好性能的分子器件.     

Microstructure and Texture Changes of Tungsten-Rhenium coated on Carbon Fiber Composite during Annealing

Since tungsten was chose as the divertor tiles of 1TER, the investigation of tungsten and its coating as plasma facing material (PFM) have been paid more attentions by fusion scientists all over the world. Recent years, tungsten coatings have been successfully     

Fuzzy拓扑共生预序空间

文[1]给出了研究拓扑空间,邻近空间,一致空间的统一化理论的方法,提出了拓扑共生结构的概念。文[3,4]引入了Fuzzy拓扑共生结构,初步研究了Fuzzy拓扑,Fuzzy邻近结构,Fuzzy一致结构的统一化问题,文[5]讨论了Fuzzy拓扑共生结构生成