射流抛光中的流场特性研究

为了给出射流抛光系统的优化设计参数,从理论上分析了冲击射流流场的结构特点,建立了工件壁面上的速度、压强与冲击角度、射流出口速度以及冲击距离的数学关系。就不同参数对射流流场分布的影响进行了定量计算,结果表明,工件壁面上的压强和速度与出口压强和速度成线性正比关系。当冲击距离大于9.6d(d为射流喷口的直径)时,工件壁面压强和速度随冲击距离的增大而减小,冲击距离增加到15d时,壁面压强最大值减小到0.54p0(p0为射流出口处的压强)。工件壁面压强和速度随冲击角度的减小而减小,当入射角为90°、60°和45°时,分别得到壁面压强最大值ps=0.95 p0,0.74p0,0.475p0,上游速度最大值um02=0.96u0,0.8u0,0.67u0(u0为射流出口处的速度)。     

小焦斑纳秒激光烧蚀铝平面靶的数值研究

用二维辐射流体程序Flash模拟了小焦斑纳秒激光与铝平面靶的相互作用过程,其中入射激光的聚焦半径为25μm,峰值强度约为1013 W/cm2,波长为532nm。模拟发现激光通道上的等离子体出现了密度排空的现象,激光焦斑外侧出现环状的射流结构。激光通道上密度排空现象对电子热输运的计算较为敏感,对比干涉实验测量的密度分布,确定了模拟中限流因子的取值为0.08。通过考察辐射致冷与电子横向热输运对等离子体膨胀运动的影响,对环状射流结构的形成原因给出了物理解释,并在模拟上验证了辐射冷却在其形成过程中的主导作用。     

基于CFD的射流抛光喷射距离的分析和优化

分析了喷射距离对射流抛光效果的影响,基于计算流体动力学进行了喷射距离的分析和优化.通过构建射流抛光不同喷射距离的物理模型,采用能更好地处理流线弯曲程度较大的流动的RNG k-ε紊流模型应用于射流抛光的数学建模,使用SIMPLEC算法对射流模型进行数值计算,得到了不同模型的射流抛光冲击射流流场及工件壁面上的冲击压力、紊动强度、壁流速度分布.根据射流抛光对冲击射流特性的要求,比较和分析不同喷距模型的数值仿真结果,结果显示,射流抛光最优化喷距范围为喷嘴口径的10倍至12倍之间.     

Measurements of total absolute collision cross section of ultracold Rb atom using magneto-optic and pure magnetic traps

The implementation of a technique to measure total collision cross sections using laser-cooled rubidium atoms along with the introduction of room-temperature background gases, confined in both magnetooptic and magnetic traps, is proposed. Atom loss from the trap and total collision cross section can be inferred from the knowledge of the density of background gases. The measured cross sections from the magneto-optic and magnetic traps are represented, compared, and found to be significantly different. The measurements using this technique have a very small error in the range of approximately 2%-7%.     

Experimental investigation of evaporative cooling mixture of bosonic 87Rb and fermionic 40K atoms with microwave and radio frequency radiation

We investigate sympathetic cooling fermions ⁴⁰K by evaporatively cooling bosonic ⁸⁷Rb atoms in a magnetic trap with microwave and radio frequency induced evaporations in detail. The mixture of bosonic and fermionic atoms is prepared in their polarized spin states |F=9/2, m_F=9/2> for ⁴⁰K and |F=2, m_F=2> for ⁸⁷Rb, which is trapped in Quadrupole--Ioffe--Configuration trap. Comparing microwave with radio frequency evaporatively cooling bosonic ⁸⁷Rb atoms with sympathetically cooling Fermi gas ⁴⁰K, we find that the presence of rubidium atoms in the |2,1> Zeeman states, which are generated in the evaporative process, gives rise to a significant loss of ⁴⁰K due to inelastic collisions. Thus, the rubidium atoms populated in the |2, 1> Zeeman states should be removed in order to effectively perform sympathetically cooling ⁴⁰K with the evaporatively cooled ⁸⁷Rb atoms.     

Performance characteristics a nonlinear diode and optimal analysis of refrigerator

This paper establishes a model of a nonlinear diode refrigerator consisting of two diodes switched in the opposite directions and located in two heat reservoirs with different temperatures. Based on the theory of thermal fluctuations, the expressions of the heat flux absorbed from the heat reservoirs are derived. After the heat leak between the two reservoirs is considered, the cooling rate and the coefficient of performance are obtained analytically. The influence of the heat leak and the temperature ratio on the performance characteristics of the refrigerator is analysed in detail.     

大直径射流的放电特性及其等离子体参数和活性粒子分布的光谱诊断

大气压等离子体射流因其产生的等离子体羽富含活性粒子而在废水净化、元素探测、材料处理等方面具有良好的应用前景。通常等离子体羽的直径较小,限制了其工作效率。针对于此,利用交流电压激励大气压氩气等离子体射流,产生了直径约为14 mm的大尺度均匀等离子体羽。采用发射光谱法对电子密度和氧原子浓度随不同实验参数的变化关系进行了研究。光电测量结果表明,当外加电压峰值或氩气流量增加时,等离子体羽发光亮度增加。当电压峰值较低时,等离子体羽的上下游在电压的每个周期均有两个光脉冲信号,且上游光信号强度比下游的大。随着电压峰值增大,上下游等离子体羽的光信号强度都增大。当电压峰值较高时,上下游等离子体羽的光信号在每个电压周期呈现三个放电脉冲。不论每个电压周期放电脉冲数目多少,上下游等离子体羽的发光信号均具有同步性。利用光谱仪采集了300～800 nm范围内上下游等离子体羽的发射光谱,发现它们中均含有OH和N₂的谱线及ArⅠ和OⅠ谱线。其中,上游等离子体羽的ArⅠ谱线强度比下游的大,但OH和N₂的谱线强度比下游的小。利用谱线强度比对上、下游等离子体羽的电子密度进行了研究。结果表明,上游等离子体羽的电子密度在1014 cm-3量级,高于下游羽的电子密度（1013～1014 cm-3量级）。并且,上游和下游等离子体羽的电子密度均随外加电压峰值的升高而增加,随氩气流量的增加而增加。利用光化线强度法,研究了下游羽中氧原子浓度随实验参数的变化规律。结果表明,氧原子浓度沿气流方向降低;对于一个等离子体羽,平均而言氧原子浓度随外加电压峰值升高而增加,随氩气流量增加而增加。对于以上实验现象,利用气体放电的基本理论进行了定性解释。     

结冰环境热合成双射流激励器工作特性数值研究

为研究结冰环境中热合成双射流激励器工作特性,采用离散相模型(discrete phase model,DPM),结合动网格方法,数值研究了结冰环境中来流速度、液滴含量、液滴直径对激励器工作特性的影响.结果表明,来流速度较小时,双射流激励器出口形成热合成射流融合区,由于热射流的加热作用,温度较高,环境中的过冷液滴难以进入...     

新波段光纤激光器及其应用

1引言 光纤激光器具有理想的光束质量、超高的转换效率、免维护、高稳定性以及冷却效率高、体积小等优点，具有许多其他激光器无可比拟的技术优越性。