Fuzzy真凸集的公理化定义

本以基本Fuzzy点，Fuzzy点为基础。给出Fuzzy真凸集的公理化定义，并对其性质进行了讨论。     

对数求导法探析

针对现行教材在介绍对数求导法时的缺陷,遵循问题发现、问题解决、例题验证的逻辑路线对对数求导法进行了探讨,给出了具体的方法步骤.     

巧用定义求椭圆中最值问题

圆锥曲线的定义既是推导圆锥曲线标准方程的依据,又是用来解决一些问题的重要方法,一般情况下,当问题涉及焦点或准线,且用其它方法不易求解时,可考虑运用定义求解,下面通过一道习题的解答与变形来简单说明如何巧用定义求椭圆中的最值问题．     

The Chen-Ruan cohomology of almost contact orbifolds

Comparing to the Ch-~Ruan cohomology theory for the almost complex orbifolds, we study the orbifold cohomology theory for almost contact orbifolds. We define the Chen-Ruan cohomology group of any almost contact orbifold. Using the methods for almost complex orbifolds, we define the obstruction bundle for any 3-multisector of the almost contact orbifolds and the Chen~Ruan cup product for the Che-Ruan cohomology. We also prove that under this cup product the direct sum of all dimensional orbifold cohomology groups constitutes a cohomological ring. Finally we calculate two examples.     

SOME PROPERTIES OF HOLOMORPHIC CLIFFORDIAN FUNCTIONS IN COMPLEX CLIFFORD ANALYSIS

In this article, we mainly develop the foundation of a new function theory of several complex variables with values in a complex Clifford algebra defined on some subdomains of Cn+1, so-called complex holomorphic Cliffordian functions. We define the complex holomorphic Cliffordian functions, study polynomial and singular solutions of the equation D△mf=0, obtain the integral representation formula for the complex holomorphic Cliffordian functions with values in a complex Clifford algebra defined on some submanifolds of Cn+1, deduce the Taylor expansion and the Laurent expansion for them and prove an invariance under an action of Lie group for them.     

物理研究方法在初中教材中的实施和运用

物理研究方法是过程与方法中的基本要素,是能力培养的具体要求.掌握研究方法是从物理到生活的深化,是学生可持续发展的源动力.初中物理研究方法主要有控制变量法、转换法、累积放大法、理想模型法、科学推理法、类比法、比较法、比值定义法、逆向思维法等九种方法.各种方法在教材中的实施与运用,是教学过程中的重点目标.     

A comparison of different entransy flow definitions and entropy generation in thermal radiation optimization

In thermal radiation, taking heat flow as an extensive quantity and defining the potential as temperature T or the black body emissive power U will lead to two different definitions of radiation entransy flow and the corresponding principles for thermal radiation optimization. The two definitions of radiation entransy flow and the corresponding optimization prin ciples are compared in this paper. When the total heat flow is given, the optimization objectives of the extremum entransy dissipation principles （EEDPs） developed based on potentials T and U correspond to the minimum equivalent temperature difference and the minimum equivalent blackbody emissive power difference respectively. The physical meaning of the definition based on potential U is clearer than that based on potential T, but the latter one can be used for the coupled heat transfer optimization problem while the former one cannot. The extremum entropy generation principle （EEGP） for thermal radiation is also derived, which includes the minimum entropy generation principle for thermal radiation. When the radiation heat flow is prescribed, the EEGP reveals that the minimum entropy generation leads to the minimum equivalent thermodynamic potential difference, which is not the expected objective in heat transfer. Therefore, the minimum entropy generation is not always appropriate for thermal radiation optimization. Finally, three thermal radiation optimization examples are discussed, and the results show that the difference in optimization objective between the EEDPs and the EEGP leads to the difference between the optimization results. The EEDP based on potential T is more useful in practical application since its optimization objective is usually consistent with the expected one.     

On an entropy of ℤ + k -actions

In this paper,a definition of entropy for Z＋k（k≥2）-actions due to Friedland is studied.Unlike the traditional definition,it may take a nonzero value for actions whose generators have finite（even zero） entropy as single transformations.Some basic properties are investigated and its value for the Z＋k-actions on circles generated by expanding endomorphisms is given.Moreover,an upper bound of this entropy for the Z＋k-actions on tori generated by expanding endomorphisms is obtained via the preimage entropies,which are entropy-like invariants depending on the ＂inverse orbits＂ structure of the system.     

导出非线性非完整系统Mac-Millan方程的一种途径

只要由Jourdain微分变分原理就能导出一阶非线性非完整系统的Mac-Millan方程,无需引入虚位移的牛青萍定义。后一定义只是本方法的自然推论。     

定义在分形集上函数的H-导数

 分形的生成含有降维与升维两种形式,采用适当的方式总可以对分形集加以定向化,分形的内禀测度是Hausdorff测度。因此,定义在分形集上的函数可以看作是在Hausdorff测度下定义在区间[0, h]。在函数图像也是分形的前提下,依函数的Hausdorff测度的定义,给出了定义在分形集上的函数f(p)关于Hausdorff测度p的导数以及一些性质。