含热敏物质溶液的浓缩与蒸馏

含热敏物质溶液的浓缩与蒸馏向阳胡高云（湖南医科大学，长沙４１００７８）（湖南医学专科学校，长沙４１０００６）采用减压蒸馏和使用旋转蒸发器浓缩溶液不但可提高浓缩速率节约时间，也可使浓缩在较低温下进行而避免某些不稳定物质的破坏。我们按文献￣［１］所述的方...     

嵌入硬泡沫层和靶丸的Z箍缩动态黑腔动力学行为及其辐射场模拟研究

利用自行开发的二维辐射磁流体力学程序,模拟研究在软泡沫柱外嵌套硬泡沫层、中心嵌套结构靶丸的动态黑腔整体动力学行为和热力学性能,以发现硬泡沫层对动态黑腔辐射场的影响和调制作用,以及腔靶耦合相互作用规律。对峰值50 MA、全上升时间300 ns的驱动电流,模拟结果的比较分析表明,嵌套硬泡沫层后靶丸感受到的辐射场温度开始升高时刻延后,辐射均匀更迅速,辐射温度第一峰下降,变化更顺滑,黑腔存在时间变长,达到10 ns以上,后期辐射温度大于350 eV,波形与美国靶丸点火成功实验中的黑腔辐射温度变化曲线比较接近;与没有靶丸的动态黑腔的相同区域辐射温度相比较,嵌入靶丸后,靶丸在烧蚀后期感受到的辐射驱动温度增加。故嵌套硬泡沫层和腔靶耦合都有益于聚变靶丸的烧蚀内爆。     

Lattice Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook Simulations of Hydromagnetic Double-Diffusive Convection in a Rectangular Enclosure with Opposing Temperature and Concentration Gradients

The temperature-concentration lattice Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook （TCLBGK） model with a robust boundary scheme is developed for two-dimensional hydromagnetic double-diffusive convective flow of a binary gas mixture in a rectangular enclosure, in which the upper and lower walls are insulated, while the left and right walls are constant temperature and constant concentration, and a uniform magnetic field is applied in the x-direction. In the model the velocity, temperature and concentration fields are solved by three independent LBGK equations, which are combined into a coupled equation for the whole system. In our simulations, we take the Prandtl number Pr = 1.0, the Lewis number Le = 2.0, the thermal Rayleigh number RaT = 10^5, and the aspect ratio A = 2 for the enclosure. The numerical results are found to be in good agreement with those of previous studies.     

浓缩—阳极溶出交换底液法测定饮用水中铅

通过浓缩－阳极溶出交换底液的方法测定饮用水的中铅含量，方法改善了伏安图形基线，降低了其了杂质影响，使测定结果更准确。     

ICF靶丸装配误差检测

针对激光惯性约束聚变装置中靶丸装配误差检测困难、要求精度高的特点,研制了一套用于微靶装配参数检测的测量系统。提出了一种基于激光与CCD的复合式测量方法,建立了二者数据融合的数学模型,通过标定空间位置关系有效地把二者的测量数据融合到同一个坐标系中,从而实现了高精度三维测量。分两种情况讨论了靶丸装配误差的检测方法。实验结果验证了这两种方法的可行性,并比较了两种方法的测量精度,其极限测量误差均不超过3 m。     

基于微流控装置制备聚丙烯腈靶用微胶囊

对惯性约束聚变靶用聚合物微胶囊的制备方法进行了研究,设计了一种基于双T型结构的微通道乳化装置,用于制备稳定的双重乳液。使用玻璃毛细管作为中间相溶液的微通道,可以提高三相流速的调节范围,从而加大乳液尺寸分布范围。三相溶液密度差异小,因此乳液的同心度可以逐渐自发调整。通过调节不同的固化转速,发现在55 r/min下微球的同心度达到最佳,超过98.7%。使用扫描电镜对靶丸进行形貌和X射线能量色散谱分析表明,超临界干燥方法可以同时满足去除内部溶剂和保持靶丸结构不受破坏的要求。最终成功制得了粒径300～1000 m、壁厚20～300 m的聚丙烯腈空心微胶囊。     

脉冲敲击技术对PI微球表面粗糙度的影响

作为点火靶重要候选靶丸之一, 聚酰亚胺 (PI) 空心微球采用降解芯轴技术结合双单体气相沉积聚合法 (VDP) 制备. 在PI涂层过程中微球碰撞对表面质量影响较大, 为了减小碰撞提高表面质量, 选用筛网盘做样品盘, 激励方式由压电振动模式改为脉冲敲击模式进行对比. 实验数据表明微球运动过程中碰撞是引起表面质量变差的原因, 通过理论分析确认了筛网盘通过减少接触点可以减少微球与微球间、微球与样品盘间的碰撞, 并且将压电振动改为脉冲敲击模式可以减小微球碰撞次数. 脉冲敲击模式与压电振动模式相比, 其可控性、微球弹跳幅度、消除静电等方面均优于压电振动. 对于微球壁厚均匀性而言, 压电振动略好于脉冲敲击, 但相差较小. 单个微球的壁厚最大偏差前者为0.68 μm, 优于后者的0.73 μm; 单个微球壁厚平均值在同一批次内的最大起伏, 前者为0.26 μm, 优于后者0.57 μm. 白光干涉仪数据显示脉冲敲击起到了提高微球表面质量的作用, 其表面粗糙度Rq值由52–93 nm 减小到28–44 nm. 关键词： 脉冲敲击技术 聚酰亚胺靶丸 表面粗糙度 壁厚均匀性     

Quantum Information Processing in a Coupled Cavity Array

We consider a one-dimensional array of L identical coupled cavities, and each cavity is doped with a two-level qubit. Experimentally, it has been developed in several varieties by the newest technology. We find that the one-qubit quantum state can be perfectly transferred through the cavity array, and the entanglement between the first two qubits can also be transferred to the last two qubits. In addition, we successfully realized the entangling gate and swap gate in the coupled cavity array.     

靶丸支撑膜对ICF内爆性能影响的模拟研究

使用二维多群辐射扩散流体力学程序LARED-S，模拟研究靶丸支撑膜在惯性约束聚变氘氘（DD）气体靶内爆过程中的扰动演化过程及其对内爆性能的影响.二维模拟表明：靶丸支撑膜显著降低DD气体靶内爆的中子产额，二维模拟产额为一维结果的55.2%.内爆性能下降的主要物理机制是支撑膜使靶壳生成大幅度的尖钉深入DD气体区，使烧蚀层与DD气体之间物质界面处的电子热传导漏失功率显著增大，导致DD核反应速率显著降低，中子反应速率峰值时刻（bang-time时刻）提前.相比一维理想内爆的模拟结果，支撑膜引入的扰动显著降低bang-time时刻DD气体压强与内爆动能转化为DD气体内能的效率，壳层剩余动能相应大幅增加.     

Mechanism of N-octadecyl-N1-maleoyl-L-phenylalanine self-assembled into supramolecular structures

N-Octadecyl-N1-maleoyl-L-phenylalanine （ODMA-L-Phe） was synthesized through the condensation, deprotection and acid- ylation reaction of BOC-L-phenylalanine, octadecylamine and maleic anhydride. ODMA-L-Phe can self-assemble in some organic solvents and turned them into thermally reversible physical supramolecular organogels. The morphology of ODMA-L-Phe aggregates was characterized by polarized optical microscopy （POM） and field emission scanning electron microscope （FE-SEM）. The aggregates of ODMA-L-Phe were needle-like fibrils with diameters of approximately 100-200 nm. The mechanism of ODMA- L-Phe self-assembly in organic solvents was investigated using XH NMR and circular dichroism （CD）. The results indicated that hydrogen bonding was one of the main driving forces for the self-assembly of ODMA-L-Phe.