壳壁上具有介孔的Si/Al复合氧化物中空微球的制备

近年来,由于中空的球形材料具有良好的表面渗透性、低密度和高比表面积等性质而受到人们的普遍关注,在无机中空球的制备过程中,所采用的方法大多为模板法,合成的无机中空球主要以SiO2、金属氧化物(如TiO2和SnO2等)及金属(金、银、钯和镍等)为主,而有关二元复合氧化物中空球合成的研究报道较少,制备球壳上具有介孔的中空球已有报道,但是,其得到的介孔常常不均一,因此,将中空球形材料、复合氧化物和均一介孔有效地结合起来将是非常有意义一项工作。     

Cu取代对水滑石前驱物及其衍生氧化物性能的影响

The coprecipitation method was used to prepare a series of different oxides (CuO: 0, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30% and 40%) derived from Cu substituted Mg/Al mixed anionic clay precursors (hydrotalcites) at the ratio of M2+/M3+ =3. In order to study influences of Cu and Mg content upon the performance of these materials, such characterization techniques as X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetrical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, temperature programmed reaction and Fourier transform infrared reflectance spectra, were used. The results showed that complete structure of hydrotalcite precursors could be formed when CuO≤30%. When CuO≥40%, Cu(OH)2 phase appeared. Homogeneous composite oxides can be obtained by high temperature calcination at CuO≤20%. When CuO>20%, CuO phase was isolated. The content of Cu and Mg had significant influences on thermal stability of materials. The reduction ability of materials was related to calcination temperatures and material composition.     

离子型钴铁氧体磁流体的稀土改性与机理研究

Rare earth composite cobalt ferrite ionic magnetic fluids were prepared by precipitation in the presence of Tri-sodium citrate. The sample phase, structure and particle sizes were determined by X-ray diffraction transmission and electron microscopy. It is clear that the particles appear as variously sized balls, Cobalt ferrite with sizes of 12-15 nm, Dysprosium cobalt ferrite and Yttrium cobalt ferrite with sizes of 6-8 nm. By adding rare earth ions, the average diameter of the magnetic nanoparticles was decreased. The decrease in diameter was explained using a micro-model of rare earth modification. The effect of rare earth ion modification on the saturation magnetization and magnetic induction of magnetic fluids was carried out using a Gouy magnetic balance and a spectrophotometer. The result shows that saturation magnetization and magnetic induction can be improved by adding Dy3+. By adding Y3+, magnetic induction was increased. However, the saturation magnetization then decreased. A theory of the mechanism of rare earth ion modification is discussed in detail.     

溴化锌-离子液体复合催化体系高效催化合成环状碳酸酯

随着全球“温室效应”和能源危机的加剧,用CO2作为某些化学品的Cl起始原料,既经济、安全,又能降低CO2对环境的危害,由于CO2的性质极不活泼,在固定CO2的反应中最典型的一个催化过程就是利用CO2和环氧化合物通过环加成反应合成环状碳酸酯：     

微波复合直流等离子体转化天然气制乙炔的研究

利用微波复合直流等离子体对天然气转化制乙炔反应进行了研究. 考察了氢烷比、气体流量、功率等参数对装置的能量利用率以及天然气转化反应的影响, 并考核了微波复合直流等离子体转化天然气制乙炔工艺的稳定性. 实验结果表明: 微波复合直流等离子体装置的能量利用率随等离子体工作气体的流量的增加而提高; 由于微波的作用使传统直流柱状等离子体分化为多根丝状等离子体, 从而使得电极的烧蚀方式由传统的点烧蚀变为面烧蚀, 并大幅度提高等离子体转化天然气工艺的稳定性和电极寿命; 甲烷的转化率和乙炔的收率随功率的增加而提高, 随CH₄/H₂比和气体流量的增加而降低, 在氢烷比为0.9、总气体流量为760 L/min、微波源输出电功率6 kW、直流电源输出功率90 kW时, 甲烷转化率可达84.4%, 乙炔选择性为75.6%, 乙炔收率为63.8%, 乙炔能耗达10.8 kWh•kg^－1; 电极寿命超过200 h.     

欧式复合期权的定价公式

本文根据风险中性定价原理,用较简单的数学方法推导出了股票欧式复合期权的定价公式。该公式和求解B lack-Scho les微分方程所得结果一致。     

交联-羧甲基复合变性淀粉的流变与降失水性能

以马铃薯淀粉和氯乙酸为主要原料,通过交联-醚化制备了交联-羧甲基复合变性淀粉(CCMS),考察了所得CCMS糊液的流变性能和在钻井泥浆中的降滤失水性能,并对其降失水原理进行了探讨。结果表明,在质量分数为0.5%~4.0%、温度为20~60℃的实验条件下,CCMS糊液表现为假塑性流体特征,符合Ostwald-Dewaele的经验公式ηa=Kγn-1;将CCMS与中粘羧甲基纤维素(MV-CMC)进行对比实验,结果发现,在饱和盐水泥浆和4%盐水泥浆中,当其用量分别为MV-CMC质量分数的57%和75%时,就可达到钻井液用MV-CMC的增粘、降滤失水性能指标。     

MgO海/泡石复合载体负载Cu催化剂催化环己醇脱氢

采用浸渍沉淀法制备了不同比例的MgO/海泡石(Sep)复合载体负载Cu催化剂,并考察了其对环己醇脱氢反应的催化性能。采用N2气物理吸附、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)、氨气程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)、程序升温还原(TPR)等测试技术对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,海泡石的引入有助于催化剂比表面积的增加,但当载体中海泡石的比例太高时,会导致催化剂酸性以及活性组分Cu状态的变化,从而降低催化剂的活性和选择性。当复合载体中海泡石质量分数为40%时,催化剂的活性最高,选择性也较好。     

自制苯乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物与PEG20M复合萃取涂层用于洗涤制品中1,4-二氧杂环己烷的测定

采用顶空固相微萃取-毛细管气相色谱联用技术测定了洗涤制品中的1,4-二氧杂环己烷。使用自制的萃取头（苯乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物与PEG20M复合）于顶空平衡温度80 ℃下萃取样品40 min。萃取物用内壁涂有SE-30固定液的石英毛细管柱分离,外标法定量。1,4-二氧杂环己烷含量为0.35～120 μg/g时,其峰面积与含量呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9998);回收率为98.7%～102%;相对标准偏差（n=5）为9.33%。