求活化能时速率常数中可以用压力单位

求活化能时速率常数中可以用压力单位崔晓丽（河北师范大学化学系石家庄０５００１６）恒温恒容理想气体的反应中，反应速率可用反应物（或生成物）的浓度随时间的变化率表示；由于压力比浓度容易测定，也可用反应物（或生成物）的分压随时间的变化率表示。对ｎ级反应，若...     

非水平面天文辐射的全球分布

确定了任意纬度非水平面天文辐射各时段总量(日总量S_(0t),月总量S_(0tm)和年总量品S_(0ty)的计算方法。首次给出全球范围内S_(0t),S_(0tm)和S_(0ty)分布的系统图象。发现一些特殊的分布规律:1.高纬度各方位天文辐射向极收敛;2.极点处各方位天文辐射数值相同;3.二分日东(西)铅直面上S_(0t)不随纬度变化(极点除外);4.如果某日极圈内的某一纬度范围都处于极昼,则此日在该纬度范围内东(西)铅直面上的S_(0t)也不随纬度交化;5.任何纬度东(西)方位铅直面上的S_(0ty)都保持同一数值;6.南、北半球天文辐射呈反向近似对称。     

高能质子辐射作用的分子机理——DNA空间结构微观损伤的Raman光谱特征

高能质子是空间辐射的重要类型。本文用激光Raman光谱技术,研究了高能质子(27.9 MeV)对水溶液中DNA辐射作用的分子机理。通过解析其特征Raman谱线,获得DNA空间结构微观损伤的以下信息:(1)维系双螺旋结构的碱基间氢键部分断裂;(2)4种碱基均被损伤,其中腺嘌呤环的破坏最重;(3)脱氧核糖发生了明显的变化;(4)骨架磷酸离子(PO_2~-)和磷酸二酯(PO_2)的损伤严重,并出现单、双链的断裂;(5)B型构象的数量显著减少。     

微波辐射下三组分“一锅法”合成5-芳基-1,5,6,7,8,9-六氢化-2H-吡唑[5,4-b]并喹啉-6-酮

在微波辐射下以芳醛、1,3-环己二酮或达米酮和氨基吡唑为原料, 用乙二醇作能量转移剂, 三组分“一锅法”快速合成了一系列吡唑[5,4-b]并喹啉类化合物. 该方法速度快(30～90 s), 产率高(88%～98%), 环境友好. 产物结构通过红外光谱、核磁共振谱和元素分析证实, 化合物4e的单晶经X射线衍射分析, 进一步确证了产物结构.     

微波干法催化芳香醛与绕丹宁及N－苯基绕丹宁的缩合反应

利用微波辐射和固体碱性载体试剂催化绕丹宁及Ｎ－苯基绕丹宁和芳香醛的缩合反应合成了１４个绕丹宁衍生物并研究了影响反应的因素。     

铟锡氧化物纳米网的微波法制备及其光催化特性研究

By using ultrasonic and chemical liquid coprecipitation, the precursor was prepared with high purity In, SnCl₄·5H₂O and urea. The In₂O₃·SnO₂ nanonets were obtained from precursor by heating in microwave oven. The powders were characterized by XRD, TEM. The analyzed results show the sample is In₂O₃·SnO₂, and In₂O₃is rhombohedral system while SnO₂ is tetragonal system. The sample is in spherical grain shape, with average granularity of 35 nm, and the mesh diameter of 10～80 nm. The sample was with fluorescence and good photocatalytic performance for degradation of organic dyestuff.     

微波辐照增强原煤磁分离脱硫机理探讨

采用~(57)Fe穆斯堡尔谱学方法,研究微波-磁分离法脱硫机理及微波辐照深度对脱硫率的影响。结果表明,微波选择性介质加热,可以激励煤中顺磁性黄铁矿FeS_2热解,使其转化为非化学计量的磁黄铁矿Fe_(1-x)S(0相似文献   

非晶聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄片在低温退火过程中的声发射现象

Acoustic emission during sub-Tg annealing fort amorphous polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheet quenched from melt has been observed. The mechanical properties, texture and glass transition of annealed specimens have been studied. It is shown that some of PET chains change from non-equilibrium state to equilibrium state during sub-Tg annealing, which leads to stress concentration in specimen. When the level of internal stress approaches to the limit, the acoustic waves are emitted due to sudden releasing of stress and the micro-defects are for-med. This is one of the important reasons,the causes the loss of mechanical properties to an-nealed specimens.     

Novel preparation of organic polymer-based monolithic column by microwave irradation

Microwave irradiation was firstly attempted for the preparation of organic-based monoliths of poly（styrene-divinylbenzene- methacrylic acid）, which single step in situ polymerization was carried out during 15 min. The colunm permeability, electrophoretic and chromatographac behaviors were comparatively evaluated using pressure-assisted CEC, GEC and low pressure-driven separation modes. The largest theoretical plates for the preparing column could be close to 18,0000 plates/m for thiourea in the mode of p-CEC. It provided a viable alternative to traditional initiation means for the perparation of monolithic capillary columns.     

用WAXD和SAXS研究辐照聚酰胺1010结构

用ＷＡＸＤ和ＳＡＸＳ方法研究了聚酰胺１０１０的聚集态结构和结晶结构的辐射损伤过程和机理。辐射交联与裂解主要在非晶区和结晶表面或中间相发生；辐射损伤并从这里开始，随辐射剂量增大，非晶化逐渐向晶区伸展，有氢键的（０１０）晶面损伤几率高于（１００）晶面；辐射后效应导致新的交联与裂解生成，主要影响（０１０）晶面的形成与完善，使Ｌ１００及Ｗｃ变小。