CDS器件在TDI-CCD视频信号处理中的应用

本文是对国家863-2计划中某项目的部分工作所做的总结。文中对CCD的噪音和新型TDI-CCD输出视频信号的特性进行了分析,提出了对于各种噪音的处理方法,尤其详细介绍了采用相关双采样(CDS)技术处理kTC噪音和复位噪音的方法,并通过实验进行了验证,最后分析了系统的信噪比。     

光学相干层析系统噪音分析(Ⅱ)——时域OCT和频域OCT

本文作为前文《光学相干层析系统噪音分析(I)》的后续,对时域OCT和频域OCT的噪音和灵敏度进行了详细的分析和计算,证明与时域OCT系统不同,频域OCT系统的信噪比与光源带宽和纵向扫描深度无关,频域OCT系统可以在高速率图像采集的情况下仍然保持探测系统的大动态范围.     

Mutual Information of Pauli Channels with Correlated Noise

A general formula for the mutual information of the Paufi channels with memory modelled by correlated noise is derived. It is shown that the mutual information depends on the channel shrinking factor, the input state parameter and the channel memory coefficient. The analyses based on the general formula reveal that the entanglement is always a useful resource to enhance the mutual information of some Pauli channels, such as the bit flip channel and the bit-phase flip channel. Our analyses also show that the entanglement is not advantageous to the reliable transmission of classical information for some Pauli channels at any time, such as the phase flip channel and the phase damping channel.     

OMIS图像条带噪音消除方法研究

分析了OMIS高光谱图像条带噪音产生的主要原因及条带噪音的特点.提出了两种改进的空域和小波域OMIS条带噪音消除新方法.比较了实验图像和数据.结果表明,两种新方法均具有良好的消除OMIS条带噪音的能力,并能较好地保持图像的纹理细节信息,效果明显优于原有方法.     

大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪的信噪比分析

根据大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪的原理和特点，分析了光辐射能在光学系统内的传输情况，对探测器上接收到的光辐射能信号和噪音信号做了详细的推导，得到了仪器理论信噪比的表达式.在实验上以大口径积分球为辐射源，采集仪器输出的干涉图像，计算得到仪器的实际信噪比曲线，对大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪的理论信噪比曲线与实际的信噪比曲线做分析比较，结果验证了用推导的论信噪比的表达式来预估仪器信噪比的可行性.     

Synchronization in a Mutualism Ecosystem Induced by Noise Correlation

Understanding the cause of the synchronization of population evolution is an important issue for ecological improvement. Here we present a Lotka-Volterra-type model driven by two correlated environmental noises and show, via theoretical analysis and direct simulation, that noise correlation can induce a synchronization of the mutualists. The time series of mutual species exhibit a chaotic-like fluctuation, which is independent of the noise correlation, however, the chaotic fluctuation of mutual species ratio decreases with the noise correlation. A quantitative parameter defined for characterizing chaotic fluctuation provides a good approach to measure when the complete synchronization happens.     

Short-Time Decoherence of Solid-State Qubit at Optimal Operation Points

We investigate the short-time decoherence of a solid-state qubit under Ohmic noise at optimal operation points. The decoherence is analyzed by maximum norm of the deviation density operator. It is shown that at the temperature T = 3 mK, the loss of the fidelity due to decoherence is much smaller than the DiVincenzo low decoherence criterion, which means that the mode/may be an optimal candidate of qubit for quantum computation.     

不同管径的Y形微燃烧器内氢气-空气非预混燃烧的火焰传播特性

实验研究了内径分别为1 mm、2 mm和3 mm,水平通道长度为200 mm的Y形微燃烧器内氢气/空气扩散燃烧的火焰传播特性。首先,d=2 mm的燃烧器内的火焰传播模式最为丰富。其次,当燃烧器管径较大时,火焰更容易因扰动而发出噪音。在d=2和3 mm的燃烧器内能观察到两个阶段的噪音,而当d=1 mm时只有一个阶段的噪音。d=2 mm的燃烧器内平均火焰传播速度最小。而且,随着管径的增大,边界火焰更长。值得注意的是,在d=1 mm的燃烧器内,实验观察到了移动的"火焰街"。最后,基于系统的实验观察绘制了八种火焰传播模式的分布图。总之,本文不仅揭示了火焰传播特性与运行参数和尺度效应之间的关系,而且能为Y形微燃烧器的设计和运行提供指导。     

The 1/f noise in multiwalled carbon nanotubes

The $1/f$ noise in multiwalled carbon nanotubes bundles has been investigated between the frequency range of 0.1 to 30 Hz. At room temperature the noise spectrum is standard 1/f, and its level is proportional to the square of the bias voltage. With decreasing temperature the noise level also decreases. At 4.2 K the noise level follows a non-monotonic dependence against the bias voltage, showing a peak at a certain bias voltage, meanwhile its frequency dependence also deviates from the 1/f trend. This anomalous behaviour is discussed within the picture of environmental quantum fluctuation of charge transport in the samples.     

Fractional Brownian Motion and Sheet as White Noise Functionals

In this short note, we show that it is more natural to look the fractional Brownian motion as functionals of the standard white noises, and the fractional white noise calculus developed by Hu and Фksendal follows directly from the classical white noise functional calculus. As examples we prove that the fractional Girsanov formula, the Ito type integrals and the fractional Black-Scholes formula are easy consequences of their classical counterparts. An extension to the fractional Brownian sheet is also briefly discussed.