双势垒磁性隧道结中量子阱共振隧穿效应的第一性原理理论

磁性隧道结材料中自旋相关的量子阱态所导致的共振隧穿现象具有很重要的研究和应用价值，文章介绍了最近在Fe（001）／MgO／Fe／MgO／Fe双势垒磁性隧道结中存在的量子阱共振隧穿效应的理论研究工作，通过量子阱态的第一性原理的计算以及结合对中间Fe薄膜孤岛结构所导致Coulomb阻塞效应的分析，证实了最近Nozaki等人（Nozaki T et al．Phys．Rev．Lett．，2006，96：027208）实验中得到的振荡效应确实来源于中间Fe层多数自旋电子在Г点处形成的△1对称性的量子阱态．Coulomb阻塞效应的存在正是导致实验中低温下量子阱共振隧穿效应不够明显的主要原因．     

Phase Transition and High Piezoactivity of Sb Doped （Na0.53K0.435Li0.035）Nb0.94Ta0.06 O3 Lead-Free Ceramics

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with the composition of （Na0.53K0.435Li0.035）Nb0.94Ta0.06 O3 （NKLNST） axe synthesized by a conventional solid-state sintering process. An MPB-like region between orthorhombic and pseudocubic phases is found in this system. The density, piezoelectric and dielectric properties axe enhanced greatly in this region. A composition （Na0.53K0.435Li0.035）（Nb0.94Ta0.06）O3 is found to have excellent electrical properties： d33 = 320pC/N, kp= 49% and kt =43%, as well as relatively low loss, tan δ=4.2%, and high relative density higher than 96%, which indicate that this ceramics is a promising lead-free piezoceramics replacing for lead zirconate titanate.     

基于二元光学设计的高能激光窗口的初步探讨

对非均匀近场强度分布影响强激光远场聚焦效果的原因进行了分析。对高能激光窗口进行了二元光学设计。提高了光束强度分布的均匀性,改善了光束质量。介绍了二元光学设计的基本原理,采用随机并行扰动爬山法对窗口的位相分布、变换后的光束强度分布、衍射效率和光束均匀性进行了计算。计算结果表明,基于二元光学设计的激光窗口能有效地改善光束强度分布的均匀性,提高了发射光束的质量。     

Phase imaging with rotating illumination

A modified extended-ptychographical-iterative-engine （ePIE） algorithm is proposed to overcome the dis- advantages of ePIE technique and reduce the influence of stage hysteresis or backlash error. The exit wave of a rotatable ＂screen＂ illuminated by plane wave is used as the illumination on the specimen, and the complex transmission functions of the rotatable object and specimen can be simultaneously reconstructed. Compared with the standard x - y scanning PIE algorithm, the proposed algorithm can completely avoid the influence of stage hysteresis （or backlash error）. The proposed algorithm also has higher convergence s!oeed and better accuracy than the standard PIE algorithm.     

双硬度靶对球形弹丸的防护性能

以钢/铝双硬度爆炸焊接复合靶为研究对象,采用系列弹道实验和数值模拟方法,研究了其在球形弹丸垂直侵彻作用下的抗侵彻性能。侵彻实验利用直径为14.5mm的滑膛枪发射直径为6mm的钢质球形弹丸;采用LS-DYNA3D非线性有限元程序和有限元-光滑粒子流体动力学(FE-SPH)耦合法,进行数值模拟。基于实验和数值模拟结果,分析了不同靶板的毁伤机理和破坏模式,以及靶板厚度、强度等因素对复合靶抗侵彻性能的影响。结果表明:在球形弹丸的垂直侵彻作用下,钢面板发生剪切冲塞破坏,铝背板发生延性扩孔破坏;对于双层靶而言,钢面板与铝背板的厚度比约为2/3时,复合靶的抗侵彻性能最差;数值计算结果与实验结果吻合良好,表明FE-SPH耦合算法可较好地预测双层复合靶板的抗侵彻性能。     

Kalman滤波辅助的室内伪卫星相对定位算法

在室内伪卫星独立定位系统中, 伪卫星以及接收机的钟差会给定位精度带来非常大的误差. 针对这一问题, 提出了一种适用于室内环境的相对定位算法. 使用Kalman定位算法粗略计算接收机位置, 获得粗略基线, 建立室内相对定位模型, 得到载波相位双差和伪距双差. 载波相位双差通过互补Kalman滤波器来平滑伪距双差, 进一步得到精确基线, 获得接收机精确位置, 并将其代替Kalman定位算法的校正结果, 对接收机进行下一状态预测. 实验结果表明, 该算法具有较高的定位精度, 定位误差在20 cm以内. 关键词： 伪卫星 相对定位 双基线 Kalman滤波     

Calculation and analysis of Mueller matrix in light scattering detection

A new criterion for target detection and identification is proposed to realize metal/dielectric identification and recognition based on Mueller matrix analysis. By using randomly rough surfaces as targets, numerical calculations are used to prove the robustness and accuracy of the criterion. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to successfully explain the criterion by theoretical analysis. We believe the work orovides an important reference for polarization imaging in laser radar and remote sensing, and so on.     

非临界相位匹配RTP晶体1.6 μm光参量振荡器

采用非临界相位匹配切割,尺寸4 mm4 mm20 mm的磷酸钛氧铷（RTP）晶体作为非线性光学晶体,进行了半导体激光端面抽运Nd:YAG/RTP的内腔式光参量振荡获得人眼安全激光的实验研究。对比了不同声光调Q重复频率下的信号光输出特性。在10.5 W的抽运功率和15 kHz的重复频率下,获得了最高900 mW的1.62 m人眼安全激光输出,光光转换效率达8.6%。1.62 m信号光和对应的1.06 m基频光的脉冲宽度分别为4.6和8.2 ns。信号光中心波长在1618 nm,谱线宽度小于0.5 nm。     

中、远红外双波段激光器发射光谱测量与评估

在分析中远红外双波段(氟化氘与一氧化碳)激光器发射光谱的基本特征和分光型谱仪存在高级次光谱混叠等问题的基础上,选定Tensor37干涉型遥测光谱仪并利用黑体标定出仪器响应函数;对中、远红外双波段激光器光谱进行了模拟测量和实际测量,分析评估了双波段激光器的谱线成分、峰值变化、测量精度和相对强度等,为双波段激光器的介质参数计算、运转参数优化以及红外应用提供有效数据。     

Local Prediction of Chaotic Time Series Based on Support Vector Machine

Based on phase space delay-coordinate reconstruction of a chaotic dynamics system, we propose a local prediction of chaotic time series using a support vector machine （SVM） to overcome the shortcomings of traditional local prediction methods. The simulation results show that the performance of this proposed predictor for making onestep and multi-step prediction is superior to that of the traditional local linear prediction method and global SVM method. In addition, it is significant that its prediction performance is insensitive to the selection of embedding dimension and the number of nearest neighbours, so the satisfying results can be achieved even if we do not know the optimal embedding dimension and how to select the number of nearest neighbours.