湿空气饱和水蒸汽曲线计算模型的建立与分析

湿空气物性的高精度计算中,饱和水蒸汽曲线的计算建模是关键所在。在对已有的饱和水蒸汽压力公式进行误差分析比较后,得到了Gerry方程误差最小的结论。为解决计算的连续性问题,重新界定了该方程中冰面及水面方程的分界点。其次,建立了两种高精度的t-p公式,可方便直接的计算湿空气露点温度。最后,分析了饱和蒸汽曲线斜率的意义,推导出它的计算式。以上建立的湿空气饱和水蒸汽曲线计算模型,不仅具有快速方便的物性计算功能,还提供了准确判定湿空气状态变化的准则。     

不同环境温度下工艺参数对扩散吸收式制冷机的性能影响

外界环境温度对扩散吸收制冷循环有重要影响,以四台相同结构的扩散吸收式制冷机为基础,用实验的手段研究了不同环境温度下,氨水溶液灌装浓度、充注压力、输入功率等工艺参数对扩散吸收式制冷机性能的影响。得出了实验样机在各工况下的最优工艺参数;研究发现随环境温度的升高,样机的最佳灌装浓度下降,而最佳输入功率和最适宜充注压力升高。可为扩散吸收式制冷机根据环境温度选择各工艺参数提供一定的依据。     

用DIS探究影响滑动摩擦力的因素

利用DIS,定量地探究滑动摩擦力在正压力、接触面积、接触面性质以及物体间相对运动速度变化时的变化情况,加深学生对滑动摩擦力的理解,弥补了传统课堂实验只做定性分析的不足.     

Pressure effect study on the I－V property of the GaAs-based resonant tunnelling structure by photoluminescence measurement

This paper discusses the I-V property of the GaAs-based resonant tunnelling structure （RTS） under external uniaxial pressure by photoluminescence studies. Compressive pressure parallel to the [110] direction, whose value is determined by Hooke＇s law, is imposed on the sample by a helix micrometer. With the increase of the applied external uniaxial compressive pressure, the blue shift and splitting of the luminescence peaks were observed, which have some influence on the I-V curve of RTS from the point of view of the energy gap, and the splitting became more apparent with applied pressure. Full width at half maximum broadening could also be observed.     

低真空管道列车表面压力变化规律研究

既有高速铁路进一步提速受限,构建低真空管道运行超高速列车的发展趋势日益明显.运用滑移网格技术,建立动车组列车和低真空管道的三维耦合模型,考虑管道气体的瞬态压缩效应,分析低真空管道横截面积、动车组列车运行速度、管道环境温度和环境压力对车体表面压力的影响.研究表明,低真空管道横截面积、动车组列车运行速度、管道环境温度和环境...     

矩形毛细微槽横截面上气液分界面形状理论分析

对背面有热流输入的矩形毛细微槽群横截面上的气液分界面形状进行了理论分析,在一定条件下对Wayner蒸发模型进行简化,根据等壁温条件推出蒸发薄液膜区域热流密度近似为定值,通过流体动力学理论推导出了微槽横截面薄液膜区域液膜厚度变化的关系式,并与Wayner蒸发模型的计算结果进行了比较。进一步提出了全新的交界线区域长度的判定方法,根据蒸发薄液膜区域总换热量计算得到蒸发薄液膜区域的长度,交界处接触角,以及固有弯月面区域的曲率半径,从而最终得出了微槽横截面整个气液分界面的形状曲线,理论分析表明:槽宽、热流密度、过热度等因素对蒸发薄液膜区域长度、接触角以及固有弯月面曲率半径等参数有较大的影响。     

Excitation Transfer for K2 in High-Lying States by N2

A K-N2 mixture is irradiated in a glass fluorescence cell with pulses of 710hm radiation from an OPO laser, populated K2 （^1∧g） state by two-photon absorption. The cross section for ^1∧g →^3∧g transfer in K2 is determined using molecular fluorescence spectrometry. The cell temperature is kept constant at 553K. The N2 pressure is varied between 40 Pa and 400 Pa. The effects of K2-K collisions could not be neglected. These effects are subtracted out by using the results of the pure K experiment. The cross sections are （3.8 ± 1.5） ×10^-15 cm^2 for K2 （^1∧g） ＋ N2 → K2（^3∧g） ＋N2 and （8.9 ± 3.5） × 10^-15 cm^2 for K2 （^3∧g） collisions with N2.     

Nanoadhesion of a Power-Law Graded Elastic Material

The Dugdale—Barenblatt model is used to analyze the adhesion of graded elastic materials at the nanoscale with Young＇s modulus E varying with depth z according to a power law E = E0（z/c0）k （0 〈 k 〈 1） while Poisson＇s ratio v remains a constant, where E0 is a referenced Young＇s modulus, k is the gradient exponent and c0 is a characteristic length describing the variation rate of Young＇s modulus. We show that, when the size of a rigid punch becomes smaller than a critical length, the adhesive interface between the punch and the graded material detaches due to rupture with uniform stresses, rather than by crack propagation with stress concentration. The critical length can be reduced to the one for isotropic elastic materials only if the gradient exponent k vanishes.     

Phase Transition Behavior of LiCr 0.35 Mn0.65O2 under High Pressure by Electrical Conductivity Measurement

The electrical conductivity of powdered LiCr 0.35 Mn0.65O2 is measured under high pressure up to 26.22 GPa in the temperature range 300-413 K by using a diamond anvil cell. It is found that both conductivity and activation enthalpy change discontinuously at 5.36 GPa and 21.66 GPa. In the pressure range 1.10-5.36 GPa, pressure increases the activation enthalpy and reduces the carrier scattering, which finally leads to the conductivity increase. In the pressure ranges 6.32-21.66 GPa and 22.60-26.22 GPa, the activation enthalpy decreases with pressure increasing, which has a positive contribution to electrical conductivity increase. Two pressure-induced structural phase transitions are found by in-situ x-ray diffraction under high pressure, which results in the discontinuous changes of conductivity and activation enthalpy.     

汇率避险迫在眉睫

尽管欧洲债务危机对我国出口的整体影响尚未明确显现,但随着欧元不断贬值,主要出口欧洲市场的企业面临的资金压力在逐渐加大,部分以欧元结算的出口企业汇兑损失隆重,出口欧洲的业务“陷入泥潭”。如果欧元继续下跌,企业这块业务很可能要“忍痛割爱”。