Optical and Acoustical Frequencies in a Nonlinear Helicoidal Model of DNA Molecules

We compare optical and acoustical frequencies in the Peyrard-Bishop-Dauxois model, i.e. an extended Peyrard-Bishop model, of DNA molecules. We discuss how ratio of those frequencies depends on a value of the harmonic constant of the helicoidal spring K. Also, we suggest that the most favourable mode could be a resonance mode.     

纳米PIC-I分子聚集体的超辐射和Z-扫描研究

分子聚集体在非线性光学和集成光学等领域有潜在的应用前景。纳米结构一维染料分子J—聚集体有许多既不同于单个分子又不同于体材料的奇异性质，即超辐射和巨光学非线性。这种超辐射是由于在几个本征态内振于强度结合在一起，得到一巨跃迁偶极于，因而是超辐射的。跃迁速率与耦合分子个数N成正比。分子聚集体的J—吸收和超辐射发射是共振的。利用Z—扫描技术测量PIC在不同配比下的非线性折射率、非线性吸收系数和非线性极化率。观测到随着链长变短，样品的三阶非线性极化率增大。对这种非线性增强的机制进行了分析和讨论。     

Self-assembly behaviour of amphiphilic diblock copolymer in selective solvents studied by synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering

The aggregation behaviour of styrene-vinyl benzoic acid (PSm-b-PVBAn) amphiphilic diblock copolymers in selective solvents with different m and n was investigated by synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). We have carried out a detailed analysis of scattering intensity, dimension, shape and microstructure of the diblock copolymers of narrow distribution in water, methanol, ethanol and isopropanol selective solvents, respectively. We have found that the aggregation behaviour of the copolymer depends on the nature of the solvent and the micelle forms fiat disc objects with the ratio of radius ω=0.4. The average radius gyration Rg of the copolymer decreases as solvents change from isopropanol to ethanol and to methanol, and increases with increasing pH in aqueous solution, but decreases with the addition of COCl2 in ethanol solvent. The scattering intensity of diblock copolymer micelle follows I(h) ∝ h^-α in different selective solutions, suggesting that the PSm-b-PVBAn coils have self-similar structure behaviour or a fractal structure in the selective solvents. All of these revealed that the aggregation behaviour of the diblock copolymer changes dramatically with experimental condition in the selective solvent. The increase of mass fractal dimension (Dm) from 2.12 to 2.47 indicates that the copolymer chain changes from a swollen coil to a rather compact disc in the course of changing solvents, decreasing surface fractal dimension (Ds) from 2.98 to 2.58 indicates that the copolymer micelle change from a rather rough surface to a smooth form in the course of increasing pH in aqueous solutions, and increasing Dm and Ds from 2.29 to 2.35 and 2.70 to 2.90, respectively, indicates the shrinkage of copolymer micelle to a rather compact and rough disc form by adding COCl2 in ethanol solvents.     

关于气体中有无速率为无穷大分子的再讨论

本文以较简捷的方法讨论了气体分子速率问题，给出了计算分子最大速率的理论公式，通过这些讨论可更加深入地理解气体中分子的运动情况，准确地理解麦克斯韦速率分布函数。     

原子的吸收光谱和发射光谱的演示

介绍了利用光学多道分析仪和投影仪在课堂上实时演示原子的吸收光谱和发射光谱的实验方法。     

Silane photoabsorption spectra mear the Si 2p thresholds：the geometry of Si 2p excited SiH4

Based on the multiple-scattering self-consistent-field method, we have studied the photoabsorption spectra near the Si 2p thresholds of silane. According to our calculations, the clear assignments of the inner-shell photoabsorption spectra are provided. In comparison with the high-resolution experimental spectra, the geometric structure of the Si 2p-excited SiH_{4}^{**} is recommended to be of a C_{2v} symmetry. More specifically, the Si 2p-excited SiH_{4}^{**} have two bond lengths of 2.50 a.u. and another two bond lengths of 2.77 a.u., and the corresponding two bond angles are 104.0° and 112.5° respectively.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定猪骨汤中钙

猪骨汤一直被认为含钙,是补钙佳品,但至今未见分析报道。本法将猪骨敲碎,同骨油一道加蒸馏水煮沸,微沸2h,去骨加入浓硝酸硝解,同时作空白试验,以空白液作参比液,用标准加入法测定,快速、准确、简便。1 仪器与试剂 WFX-1F_2B_2原子吸收分光光度计(北京瑞利分     

氟化类金刚石薄膜的拉曼和红外光谱结构研究

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烷烃类分子对NC0（A^2∑^＋）自由基的猝灭

采用激光光解—激光诱导荧光(LP—LIF)的方法，用266nm激光光解CHBr3分子产生CH自由基，再与N2O继续反应作为NCO自由基的产生源，用438．6nm激光将电子基态X^2∏i(00^10)的NCO激励到激发态A^2∑^+(00^00)上，通过检测激发态NCO时间分辨荧光信号，测得室温(298K)下NCO(A^2∑^+)被烷烃类分子猝灭的实验结果，获得了A^2∑^+(00^00)态猝灭速率常数．实验发现，随着烷烃分子中C—H键数增加，其猝灭截面也近线性增加，但随着分子体积增大，这种增加趋缓．