稀土对钨钴钛类硬质合金性能及组织结构的影响

研究了在钨钴钛类硬质合金中的添加稀土元素对合金性能和组织结构的影响，以及稀土在硬质合金中的存在形貌和分布状态。结果表明，添加稀土后合金性能如抗弯强度和抗冲击性都有明显提高，并着重阐述了稀土对ＷＣ－１４ＴｉＣ－８Ｃｏ合金的强化机理。     

DETERMINATION OF DEGREE OF CRYSTALLINITY OF NYLON 1212 BY WIDE-ANGLE X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Based on the X-ray scattering intensity theory and using the approximate expression for the atomic scattering factor, the correction factors for three crystalline peaks and an amorphous peak of Nylon 1212 were calculated and the formula of degree of crystallinity of Nylon 1212 was derived by a graphic multipeak resolution method. The degree of crystallinity calculated from the WAXD method is compatible with those obtained by density and calorimetry methods.     

太空(FeNi)金属熔体凝固的时空图象和结晶机理研究

岩庄陨石冲击重熔再结晶(FeNi)金属颗粒的微结构研究发现,四同心环生长结构是远离热力学平衡态的太空(FeNi)金属熔体凝固的基本时空图象。四同心环结构的快速生长和相互作用导致八面体(FeNi)金属枝晶的形成。四同心环晶体生长方式可能是太空环境下(FeNi)金属熔体结晶形成八面体铁陨石的一种基本方式。     

普通球粒陨石的冲击实验研究

在二级轻气炮动高压装置上用电探针技术测量了吉林球粒陨石(H5)的冲击压缩线,并在12.4,27.3,39.0,53.0,77.5,82.8和92.6 GPa冲压下,对7个吉林球粒陨石样品进行了人工冲击回收实验,对冲击回收样品进行了较为系统的冲击效应研究。研究结果表明,冲击事件不仅改变了普通球粒陨石原始组分的岩石学特征,而且影响其热释光和稀有气体等物理与化学特性。根据已知冲压下普通球粒陨石的冲击特征,对其各冲击变质强度的压标作了重新刻度。     

脉冲泄流时土壤条件对冲击接地阻抗的影响

 为了探寻电流脉冲泄流时，设备的接地是否有效可靠，用FDTD法分析了脉冲泄流时均一土壤、分层土壤及局部改善土壤的电导率对冲击接地阻抗（TGR）的影响。结果表明：大地电导率对冲击接地阻抗的影响很大；对均一土壤，TGR随大地电导率的增大而减小，大地电导率越大，TGR对接地体的埋深越不敏感。对分层土壤，接地体要埋在大地电导率大的土壤层中，且不要靠近交界面；局部改善大地导电性能对降低TGR效果明显，TGR对改善区域的体积非常敏感，而当电导率大于一定值时，大地电导率的再增加，对TGR的影响不明显。     

IMPACT MODEL RESOLUTION ON PAINLEVE’S PARADOX

Painlevé‘s paradox is one of the basic difficulties for solving LCP of dynamic systems subjected to unilateral constraints. A bi-nonlinear parameterized impact model, consistent with dynamic principles and experimental results, is established on the localized and quasi-static impact model theory. Numerical simulations are carried out on the dynamic motion of Painlevé‘s example. The results confirm ““““impact without collision““““ in the inconsistent states of the system. A ““““critical normal force““““ which brings an important effect on the future movement of the system in the indeterminate states is found. After the motion pattern for the impact process is obtained from numerical results, a rule of the velocity‘s jump that incorporates the tangential impact process is deduced by using an approximate impulse theory and the coefficient of restitution defined by Stronge. The results of the jump rule are quite precise if the system rigidity is big enough.     

物理极值问题的数学分析

物理极值问题是物理应用中常见的问题之一,它是中学物理中的一个难点。在物理极值的分析过程中,根据物理原理列出方程(或经过运算)后,可能会发现有很多物理方程的数学特征比较突出。此时从数学角度分析物理量的极值可能会更容易一些。本篇将从数学角度分析求解物理极值问题的方法,所以本文在分析每种方法时都明确强调它的数学特征。实际使用时要根据方程的具体数学特征选     

演变中举一反三 类比间触类旁通——一类有关线段与角度问题探析

线段和角度作为平面几何的入门知识,它对几何后继学习的作用不言而喻,笔者在教学中,力求渗透解决问题和研究问题的方法,极力在探究问题的过程中激发同学们钻研的热情,下面以—问题类比演变为例,希望能给读者以启示.     

FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF LATTICE SANDWICH BEAMS UNDER SEVERAL TYPICAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

Free vibration problems of lattice sandwich beams under several typical boundary conditions are investigated in the present paper. The lattice sandwich beam is transformed to an equivalent homogeneous three-layered sandwich beam. Unlike the traditional analytical model in which the rotation angles of the face sheets and the core are assumed the same, different rotation angles are considered in this paper to characterize the real response of sandwich beams. The analytical solutions of the natural frequencies for several typical boundary conditions are obtained. The effects of material properties and geometric parameters on the natural frequencies are also investigated.     

固体的冲击拉伸碎裂

固体材料在冲击拉伸载荷作用下常常会断裂成多个碎片(碎片化)，固体材料碎片化的物理机制是多点损伤同时在固体中成核和发展，导致固体多处破坏。自 Mott 对固体的动态碎裂问题进行了开创性研究后，几十年来，对固体动态碎裂机制的研究一直是应用物理学、力学、航天和兵器工程等领域共同关心的重要课题。本文介绍了在冲击拉伸载荷作用下固体的动态碎裂研究的发展历史，给出相关的理论分析、实验研究和数值模拟的研究进展，特别针对现有的各种关于碎片尺度、碎片分布、以及碎片化物理机制的理论模型进行了较详尽的阐述和讨论，最后指出现有实验和理论研究中仍然存在的关键科学问题及进一步的研究展望。