对环境放射化学学科体系的探讨

环境放射化学是一门新兴的边缘学科，对其学科体系进行探讨十分必要。本文简述了这门新学科产生的背景和发展的历史；论述了环境放射化学的定义，并按不同方法对这门学科的研究内容作了分类和阐述；提出了环境放射化学研究的５个特点，并对该学科当前需研究的若干问题进行了讨论。     

随机环境中带移民分枝过程的Cramér大偏差展式北大核心CSCD

本文考虑独立同分布的随机环境中带移民的分枝过程(Z_(n)).基于(Z_(n))的结构,利用测度变换技巧,并借助随机游动的相关结果,我们得到关于logZ_(n)的Cramer型大偏差展式.     

The Discrete Approximation of Continuous-state Nonlinear Branching Processes in Lévy Random Environments北大核心CSCD

In this paper, we establish the discrete approximation of continuous-state nonlinear branching processes in Lévy random environments by using tightness and convergence sequence in infinite dimensional product space via stochastic differential equations. Taking α-stable branching as an example, the conditions which are given to discretize continuous-state nonlinear branching processes in Lévy random environments are verified. © 2022 Chinese Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.     

Impact Responses of Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery Based on the Membrane Factor Method北大核心CSCD

Aimed at the internal short circuit problem due to large deformation of the prismatic lithium-ion battery cell under impact loadings, a simplified battery model was first established. Then the motion equations of velocity and displacement based on the membrane factor method were proposed. With the effects of the face-sheet thickness and the densification region on the normalized final deflection, impact response characteristics of prismatic battery cells were investigated in detail. The results show that, the improved motion equations involving the membrane factor can reflect the dynamic response mechanisms of the prismatic battery cell under impact loadings, and the large deflection under high-speed impact can be predicted. With the increase of the face-sheet thickness, the deflection of the battery cell’s lower part decreases obviously. However, the densification region expands with the face-sheet thickness. The deflection and the densification region of the cell’s lower part both increase with the inner core density of the battery. This proposed impact model provides a theoretical guidance for the multi-functional integrated dynamic design of prismatic battery cells. © 2022 Editorial Office of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics. All rights reserved.     

从环境教育视角解析新化学课程标准

本文从环境教育角度对教育部制定的《全日制义务教育化学课程标准(实验稿)》的前言、课程目标、内容标准和实施建议4部分做了分析和讨论。     

农业院校化学课应加强环境教育

本文就农业院校如何把环境教育渗透到化学课教学过程中，使环境教育与化学课有机结合，以增强学生环保意识，提出了自己的看法。     

21世纪我国课题改革的重大课题——环境教育

本文对“环境教育”的概念作了研究和界定，系统地探讨了环境教育的理论依据，阐述了我国课程改革和开设环境教育课的概略构想。     

微色谱柱分离/ICP-AES测定环境样品中的痕量硼

本文采用色谱系统对水样品（温泉水、卤水）中的硼进行分离富集，探讨了影响其分离富集的条件。实验表明，在pH＝8条件下，硼可被树脂完全吸附，用3mL 1mol/L硫酸可以从吸附术上完全解吸硼，浓缩物用ICP－AES进行测定，所建立的方法简便、准确，适合于含盐量高及其它水样品中微量硼的测定。     

稀土对钨钴钛类硬质合金性能及组织结构的影响

研究了在钨钴钛类硬质合金中的添加稀土元素对合金性能和组织结构的影响，以及稀土在硬质合金中的存在形貌和分布状态。结果表明，添加稀土后合金性能如抗弯强度和抗冲击性都有明显提高，并着重阐述了稀土对ＷＣ－１４ＴｉＣ－８Ｃｏ合金的强化机理。     

荧光法直接测定环境水中十二烷基苯磺酸钠

在我国,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)是使用量最大的洗涤剂之一,也是环境水中的一种污染物。检测SDBS常用的方法有:吸光光度法显色后一般需用有毒的有机溶剂萃取,操作繁琐;导数吸光光度法是采用四阶导数进行处理的测定方法,过程较复杂。本文用荧光分光光度法直接测定环境水中的SDBS含量,此法不需萃取和显色,通过控制溶液的pH值来进行测定,波长为λ_(ex)╱λ_(em)=230/290nm,干扰物少。