因特网上探珠算

信息技术特别是因特网的发展，无论从时间还是空间上给世界珠算化带来了根本性的革命，使我们能随时在因特网上浏览、交流，这对促进世界珠算事业的发展和繁荣，起到了积极的作用。那么如何在浩如烟海的因特网上快速查找出各种与珠算有关的科学资料呢？我们可以通过３个国内外名的搜索网站来实现。具体操作的方法如下。     

Nonlinear Effects for Bose Einstein Condensates in Optical Lattices

Cold atoms and, more recently, Bose-Einstein condensates （BEC＇s） in optical lattices have attracted increasing interest since their first realization. In particular, the formal similarity between the wavefunction of a BEC inside the periodic potential of an optical lattice and of the electrons in a crystal lattice has triggered theoretical and experimental efforts alike. Many phenomena from condensed matter physics, such as Bloch oscillations and Landau-Zener tunneling have been shown to be observable also in optical lattices. An important difference between electrons in a crystal lattice and a BEC inside the periodic potential of an optical lattice is the strength of the self interaction and hence the magnitude of the nonlinearity of the system. Electrons in a metal are almost noninteracting, whereas atoms inside a BEC interact strongly. A＇ perturbation approach is appropriate in the former case while in the latter the full nonlinearity must be taken into account. From this feature new physics is expected. Most experiments to date have been carried out in the regime of shallow lattice depth, for which the system is well described by the mean field Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a periodic potential. Moreover, the nonlinearity induced by the mean-field of the condensate has been shown, both theoretically and experimentally, to give rise to instabilities in certain regions of the Brillouin zone. These instabilities are not present in the corresponding linear system, i.e. the electron system. Experimental and theoretical results on the subject of nonlinear Landau-Zener tunneling and nonlinearity-induced instabilities in a Bose-Einstein condensate interacting with an external periodic potential will be presented.     

单光子态的产生与测量

报道了通过自发参量下转换产生单光子态的实验研究,使用中心波长425 nm的飞秒脉冲泵浦Ⅰ类非共线相位匹配的BBO晶体,在实验上得到单光子计数率为2.978×10-4,并分析了实验中的相关问题.     

相干态光场的位相统计性质

根据Pegg-Barnett位相定义，计算了相干态光场的位相概率分布函数，并且进行了数值模拟。研究表明在真空态时，位相分布曲线为一条直线；相干态下位相分布曲线表现为：均匀分布→泊松分布→均匀分布。     

第十二届全国量子光学学术报告会纪要

第十二届全国量子光学学术报告会2006年8月19日至8月22日在历史名城江西省南昌市召开。本届会议由中国物理学会量子光学专业委员会主办，南昌大学物理系承办，江西省物理学会协办。来自全国各地的中国科学院直属院所及高等院校等61个单位的239位专家、学者和研究生参加了这次会     

介质极化的瞬时相位与振幅

求解电子运动的二阶微分方程，在旋转波近似下，介质在外场突然变化时产生的瞬态感应极化与外场同频，但相位总是落后，最大落后为π/2；振幅大小与初态有关，随时间按指数规律衰减，衰减快慢由介质的阻尼系数决定。     

κ玻色子q相干态的反聚束效应

研究了q变形湮没算符高次幂（αq^k,κ≥3)本征态的反聚束效应，并就κ=3的情况用数值计算方法研究了q变形参数对该效应的影响。结果表明，当q变形相干态中谐振子的强度x=|z|^2在某些区间内取值时，αq^k的本征态将呈现反聚束效应，并且这一效应明显地受到q参数的影响。当参数q取定时，随着q变形光场强度的变大，该光场的光子数涨落在经典（或量子）和量子（或经典）特性之间交替地变化。     

Bound States of the S-Wave Equation with Equal Scalar and Vector Standard Eckart Potential

A supersymmetric technique for the bound-state solutions of the s-wave Klein-Gordon equation with equal scalar and vector standard Eckart-type potential is proposed. Its exact solutions are obtained. Possible generalization of our approach is outlined.     

Bayesian estimation of keyword confidence in Chinese Continuous speech recognition

In a syllable-based speaker-independent Chinese continuous speech recognition system based on classical Hidden Markov Model(HMM),a Bayesian approach of keyword confidence estimation is studied,which utilizes both acoustic layer scores and syllable-based statistical language model(LM) score.The Maximum a posteriori(MAP) confidence measure is proposed,and the forward-backward algorithm calculating the MAP confidence scores is deduced.The performance of the MAP confidence measure is evaluated in keyword spotting application and the experiment results show that the MAP confidence scores provide high discriminability for keyword candidates.Furthermore,the MAP confidence measure can be applied to various speech recognition applications.     

非对称三态叠加多模泛函叠加态光场的高次压缩——广义电场分量的不等幂次和压缩效应研究

多模真空态|{0j}〉q与两个空间强度分布特征不同的多模复共轭泛函相干态|{f(j a)*(x,y,z)}〉q和|{f(j b)*(x,y,z)}〉q的线性叠加组成的三态叠加多模泛函叠加态光场|ψ(f3)〉q,利用多模压缩态理论,研究了态|ψ(f3)〉q中广义电场分量的不等幂次高次和(H)压缩特性.结果表明:在一定的条件下,态|ψ(f3)〉q的广义电场分量可呈现出周期性变化的任意奇数次和任意偶数次的不等幂次高次H压缩效应;光场的经典振幅和经典初始相位的任意非对称空间分布特征对其压缩程度和压缩深度等压缩特性将产生直接的影响.