The simulation of ultrasonic beams with a Gaussian beam equivalent point source model

Point Sources and Gaussian beams are used frequently as fundamental building blocks for developing ultrasonic beam models. Both these models have different weaknesses that limit their effectiveness. Here, we will show that one can develop a Gaussian Beam Equivalent Point Source （GBEPS） model that removes those weaknesses and combines the accuracy and versatility of the point source models with much of the speed and well-behaved nature of Gaussian beam models. We will demonstrate the efficiency and versatility of this new GBEPS model in simulating the beams generated from ultrasonic phased arrays, using as few as one Gaussian beam per element of the array. A single element GBEPS model will be shown to be as accurate as a point source model even when substantial beam focusing or steering is present in the array or where the array beam is transmitted through an interface. At the same time the GBEPS model will be shown to be several orders of magnitude faster than the point source model.     

侧边抛磨光纤波导传输特性的理论分析

在建立侧边抛磨光纤D型光纤边界条件的基础上,用三维有限差分光束传输法计算和分析了侧边抛磨光纤器件的光功率衰减随光纤的侧边抛磨长度、光纤侧边抛磨后剩余包层的厚度、以及填充聚合物材料折射率三个参量变化的特性.结果表明,侧边抛磨光纤器件的光功率衰减随着抛磨长度的增加而增大;当抛磨长度等于9 mm时,光功率衰减随着剩余包层厚度的增大而单调递减.而当抛磨长度大于9 mm时,剩余包层厚度小于3 μm的范围内,光衰减随着剩余包层厚度的增加出现振荡;当聚合物折射率与纤芯折射率相同时,光功率衰减最大.     

湍流大气中高斯光束焦移的数值模拟研究

采用数值模拟方法对聚焦高斯光束在湍流大气中传输的焦移进行了研究.结果表明:湍流大气中高斯光束的焦点不再位于真空焦点位置,而是向发射点移动,且前移的幅度随湍流强度的增大而增大,这与理论预计结果一致.引用焦深概念描述光束在焦点附近的准直特性,结果显示:在弱起伏和中等强度起伏情况下,光束的焦深随着湍流强度的增大而增大,焦点附近光束准直度提高;在中等和强起伏情况下,光束在焦点附近高度准直.     

Experimental investigation on partially coherent higher-order non-diffractive beams

We experimentally study the generation of a partially coherent non-diffractive beam by focusing a partially coherent vortex beam with an axicon. The investigation results show that when the partially coherent vortex beam is focused by the axicon, the beam is transferred into a partially coherent higher-order non-diffractive beam. In the non-diffractive zone, the transverse intensity distribution of the partially coherent higher-order non-diffractive beam is invariant during propagation. In addition, the range of the non-diffractive zone is related to the coherence of the partially coherent vortex beam. The poorer the coherence of the partially coherent vortex beam, the shorter the range of the non-diffractive zone.     

Effects of electron temperature on dielectric function and localization of laser beams in underdense collisional plasma

Effects of electron temperature on dielectric function and localization of laser beams in underdense collisional plasmas are investigated. Simulation results show that the electron temperature has a strong effect on the dielectric constant and the laser beam localization. It is observed that due to the influence of the electron temperature, the dielectric function presents some interesting and complicated nonlinear variations, and gives rise to the laser beam localization. Moreover, the amplitudes of the beam width and the beam intensity are subjected to continuously oscillatory variation in the region of localization. In addition, the effects of several parameters on the dielectric function and the beam localization are discussed.     

Half-plane diffraction of Gaussian beams carrying two vortices of equal charges

This paper derives explicit expressions for the propagation of Gaussian beams carrying two vortices of equal charges m=±1 diffracted at a half-plane screen, which enables the study of the dynamic evolution of vortices in the diffraction field. It shows that there may be no vortices, a pair or several pairs of vortices of opposite charges m=+1, -1 in the diffraction field. Pair creation, annihilation and motion of vortices may appear upon propagation. The off-axis distance additionally affects the evolutionary behaviour. In the process the total topological charge is equal to zero, which is unequal to that of the vortex beam at the source plane. A comparison with the free-space propagation of two vortices of equal charges and a further extension are made.     

高斯光束在任意分布的径向梯度折射率介质中传输的计算方法

根据弱波导近似,本文建立了处理高斯光束在任意分布的径向梯度折射率介质中传输的计算方法,并具体计算和讨论了高斯光束腰斑在沿径向呈抛物型分布的介质中随传输距离的变化情况,其数值结果与解析近似符合。     

非线性介质F－P干涉仪光束输出特性的理论研究

本文对准直光束射入含有非线性介质的Ｆ－Ｐ干涉仪内的光场分布进行了研究．由于非线性介质与光的作用，从Ｆ－Ｐ干涉仪出射的光束截面上的相移随位置的改变呈一定的分布，进而引起了干涉仪的透射率和输出光束重新分布。当干涉仪两个面的反射系数较大时，输出光束截面出现光强和相移的跃变．这种现象与以前在平面波假设下所得的光强分布所得结论有较大的不同．     

基于改进Xception实现涡旋光束轨道角动量识别

当光束在海洋中传输时,湍流的存在会严重影响光束的质量,导致接收端光场产生扭曲和退化现象。为解决该问题,提出一种基于改进深度可分离网络（IXception）的方法,用于实现通过海洋湍流传输的涡旋光束轨道角动量模态识别。采用分步相位屏的思想,基于功率谱反演法仿真涡旋光束在海洋中的传输过程,并建立入射光场发生的退化、扭曲的散斑场数据集,用数据集来训练IXception识别散斑场中涡旋光束的轨道角动量。IXception延用Xception架构思想,结合了残差结构和倒置残差结构,能够提取高度空间深度特征,减少网络结构参数的冗余,增强泛化能力。研究结果表明,IXception在20 m和80 m湍流中对扭曲光场轨道角动量的识别率达到了99.20%与97.9%。随着传输距离的增加,IXception的识别率会略有降低,但与Xception模型相比,IXception识别性能更好。     

部分相干圆刃型位错光束在生物组织中的偏振特性

以推导的在生物组织中部分相干圆刃型位错光束传输时的交叉谱密度矩阵元,研究了传输中不同光束参数(光束波长λ、位错数目n_dis、空间自相关长度σ_yy)对不同场点之间偏振特性的影响。部分相干圆刃型位错光束波长和位错数目不影响偏振态的初始值,而不同空间自相关长度的光束初始偏振态不同。随着传输距离增加,空间同一点的偏振态经历明显的起伏变化后最终趋于与源处一致,空间不同两点间的偏振态最终趋于一不同于初始值的定值。与远红外光和紫外光相比,可见光和近红外光更适合作为生物医学疾病诊疗的目标光束。位错数目越大,各偏振特征参量极值间距越大。空间自相关长度σ_yy与σ_xx的相对大小会影响偏振度的大小及变化趋势。