碱消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-OES）法测定土壤中六价铬

采用碱消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法对土壤中六价铬含量进行测定。土壤样品以碳酸钠-氢氧化钠为消解液,加入氯化镁和磷酸氢二钾-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液,经90～95℃消解溶出六价铬,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定消解液中六价铬含量。在选定的测定条件下,方法的检出限为0.24mg/kg,测定下限为0.96 mg/kg,加标回收率在99.6%～104%,相对标准偏差2.5%～7.5%。方法简便快速,稳定性好,结果准确可靠,适用于土壤中六价铬含量的测定。     

Polar Interface Optical Phonon Modes and Froehlich Electron－Phonon Interaction Hamiltonians in an Arbitrary Layer－Number Quantum Well System

By using determinant method as in our recent work, the IO phonon modes, the orthogonal relation for polarization vector, electron-IO phonon F~6hlich interaction Hamiltonian, the dispersion relation, and the electron-phonon coupling function in an arbitrary layer-number quantum well system have been derived and investigated within the framework of dielectric continuum approximation. Numerical calculation on seven-layer AlxGal-xAs/GaAs systems have been performed. Via the numerical results in this work and previous works, the general characters of the IO phonon modes in an n-layer coupling quantum well system were concluded and summarized. This work can be regarded as a generalization of previous works on IO phonon modes in some fLxed layer-number quantum well systems, and it provides a uniform method to investittate the effects of IO phonons on the multi-layer coupling quantum well systems.     

用分项比较法巧证数列不等式

本文以部分数学竞赛试题为例,介绍了“分项比较法”在证明数列不等式中的应用,总结解题策略.     

f-ergodicity of Markov Process by Coupling Method北大核心CSCD

We first study the basic coupling and obtain an equation between total variation norm and the basic coupling. Then by use this equation we investigate the ergodicity property of continuous time Markov processes in general state space. For an ergodic continuous-time Markov processes, adding condition π(f) < ∞, by using the coupling method, there exists the full absorption set, such that the continuous time Markov processes are f-ergodic on it. © 2022 Chinese Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.     

T型结构微纳尺度偏振无关光栅耦合器

本刊讯采用光栅结构作为耦合器,有着耦合面积小、耦合效率高和耦合方式简单等优点,广泛应用于硅基集成光电子器件与光纤的垂直耦合。然而,微纳尺度的光栅和其他光学微纳器件一样,由于尺寸小使得器件对于TE、TM模式的有效折射率存在较大差异,器件性能与偏振密切相关。     

微波消解–电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定高铬合金铸铁中铬、锰、硅、磷

建立微波消解–电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定高铬合金铸铁中的铬、锰、硅、磷4种元素的分析方法。以盐酸–硝酸–氟酸(体积比为6∶2∶1)混合酸为溶剂,采用程序升温微波消解法分解样品。电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪工作条件：激发功率为1 300 W,等离子气流量为12 L/min,雾化气流量为0.7 L/min,辅助气流量为1.0 L/min。标准曲线外标法定量。铬、锰、硅、磷的质量浓度分别在150～200、0.02～10.0、0.05～10.0、0.07～0.5 mg/L范围内与光谱强度具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均不小于0.999 7。锰、硅、磷元素的检出限分别为0.002%、0.005%、0.007%。样品加标回收率为97.7%～104.5%,测定结果的相对标准偏差均为0.29%～1.31%(n=7)。该方法快速、准确,满足高铬合金铸铁中铬、锰、硅、磷的检测要求。     

单颗粒-电感耦合等离子体质谱测定海水中银纳米颗粒

建立了单颗粒-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(SP-ICP-MS)量化与表征海水中银纳米颗粒(AgNPs)的方法。筛选了SP-ICP-MS检测海水中AgNPs时的最优驻留时间,通过探究海水基质对AgNPs检测的影响,确定了海水样品稀释倍数,并利用本方法对大连市近岸海域3个站位表层海水样品中的AgNPs进行测定。结果表明,仪器最优驻留时间为100μs, 150倍稀释海水样品可提高AgNPs浓度的测定准确度。本方法测定海水中AgNPs数量浓度检出限为9.75×10³ particles/mL,粒径检出限为12 nm,标称粒径50和100 nm AgNPs的平均加标回收率均大于70%。大连市近岸海域3个站位表层海水样品中均检测出AgNPs,数量浓度最大值为(2.1±0.004)×10⁶ particles/mL,最小值为(1.1±0.01)×10⁵ particles/mL,粒径分布在18～200 nm之间。本方法具有样品制备简单、分析速度快、颗粒物数量浓度检出限低等优点,为近岸海水中AgNPs的监测分析提供了可靠的分析方法。