Structural and Electrical Characteristics of Pb（Zr0.53,Ti0.47）O3 Thin Films Deposited on Si （100） Substrates

Pb(Zr0.53, Ti0.47)O3 (PZT) films were directly deposited on Si substrates without a buffer layer by pulsed laser deposition. Only(110)-oriented PZT peaks (other than Si substrate peaks) were observed from the XRD data. The electrical properties of the PZT/Si capacitor were characterized in terms of both the capacitance versus voltage (C-V) and current versus voltage (I-V) measurements. The clockwise trace of the C-V curve shows ferroelectric polarization switching, as is expected. From the I-V curves, the Schottky emission and spacecharge-limited-current behaviour are found to be the mainly leakage current mechanism in a certain electric field range in the negative and positive bias, respectively.     

中国算盘趣闻录

您知道吗？我国在设计、制造第一颗人造地球卫星的过程中，科学家们当时解决大量复杂数学运算难题的有力工具，竟然是中国古老的算盘；     

精卫衔微木 将以填沧海（续）——记中国珠坛斗士、中国珠算协会创始人之一蒋畅行

但是，“牛棚”也罢，“炼炉”也罢，终究难改蒋畅行的追求。     

Lifetime Measurements for Electric-Dipole △n=0 Transitions in the Beryllium-Like Sulfur

We have measured lifetimes of △n=0 allowed transitions in beryllium-like sulfur using beam foil spectroscopic techniques. The measured values, derived from analysis of arbitrarily normalized decay curves, are presented and compared with theoretical calculations and previous measurements. Accurate probabilities have been determined by the well-known relationship.     

Von Neumann Entropy of an Electron in One-Dimensional Determined Potentials

By using the measure of von Neumann entropy, we numerically investigate quantum entanglement of an electron moving in the one-dimensional Harper model and in the one-dimensional slowly varying potential model. The delocalized and localized eigenstates can be distinguished by von Neumann entropy of the individual eigenstates.There are drastic decreases in von Neumann entropy of the individual eigenstates at mobility edges. In the curve of the spectrum averaged von Neumann entropy as a function of potential parameter λ, a sharp transition exists at the metal-insulator transition point λc = 2. It is found that the von Neumann entropy is a good quantity to reflect localization and metal-insulator transition.     

华罗庚(1910——1985)

作者哈贝斯坦教授曾任美国依利诺伊大学数学系主任 ,研究方向是解析数论 ,现已退休 .华罗庚教授曾在 1 948— 1 95 0年间任伊利诺伊大学的教授 ,回国之后与哈贝斯坦的友谊保持终生 .哈贝斯坦教授的这篇有关著名数学家华罗庚的传记文章 ,发表在美国科学院出版的《科学家传记》第 81卷 (BiographicalMemoirs,Vol.81 ,TheNationalAcademyPress,Washington ,D .C .2 0 0 2 )中 .该传记丛书每卷大约 5 0 0页 ,包括 2 0名科学家 .据查 ,在 70—81卷中 ,只收录了一位大陆科学家———华罗庚 .本传记中的观点均属于作者本人 ,并不一定反映美国国家科学院的观点 .本刊特别约请著名数学家王元教授将此文翻译成中文 ,以飨广大读者 .     

Pseudo-Spin Model for the Cytoskeletal Microtubule Surface

Due to the inherent symmetry structures and the electric properties in the microtubule (MT), we treat the MT as a one-dimensional ferroelectric system and describe the nonlinear dynamics of dimer electric dipoles in one protofilament of the MT by virtue of the double-well potential. Consequently, the physical problem has been mapped onto the pseudo-spin system, and the mean-field approximation has been taken to obtain some physical results, including the expression for the phase transition temperature Tc and the estimated value of Tc (=312 K).     

富勒烯(C_(60)/C_(70))与N,N,N′,N′-四-(对甲苯基)-4,4′-二胺1,1′-二苯硒醚(TPDASe)间光诱导电子转移过程的激光光解研究

富勒烯 (C60 /C70 )与N ,N ,N′ ,N′ 四 (对甲苯基 ) 4,4′ 二胺 1,1′ 二苯硒醚 (TPDASe)间在激光光诱导条件下 ,发生了分子间的电子转移过程 .在可见 -近红外区 ( 60 0～ 12 0 0nm) ,观测到了TPDASe阳离子自由基、富勒烯 (C60 /C70 )激发三线态和阴离子自由基 ,在苯腈溶液中 ,观测瞬态谱测定了电子从TPDASe转移到富勒烯 (C60 /C70 )激发三线态的量子转化产率(ΦTet)和电子转移常数 (Ket) .