基于圆形条纹投影的相位测量轮廓术研究

编码的圆形正弦条纹在圆心具有零相位,该点可以作为后续相位计算和展开的参考。但是圆形条纹提供的载频相位具有非线性特点,当其用于三维面形测量时,如果圆心在物面上,获取物面高度信息的方法与投影单频直条纹的情况不同。研究基于圆形条纹投影的相移轮廓术,讨论了物面高度引起的图像点坐标的位移量和绝对相位的计算方法,并完成相应的误差分析。对3.5 mm平面测量误差的标准差为0.019 mm。计算机模拟和实验验证了该方法能直接得到离面物体的绝对相位,用于重建物体的三维面形。     

处理不确定性姿态确定系统误差的新型鲁棒滤波方法

针对卫星姿态确定系统中存在不确定性系统误差问题,本文提出了 一种适于处理不确定性系统误差的新型鲁棒滤波方法,以提高姿态确定精度.在深入分析了经典的鲁棒姿态确定方法的优势及缺陷基础上,利用相对安装误差等系统误差之间的相关性信息,将不确定性误差降维处理,进而,基于最小化估计误差的方差上界的思想,设计出改进的新型鲁棒滤波方法...     

三维氧化铁/石墨烯的构建及其对CL-20的热分解性能的影响

High-performance solid propellants are very important for the development of modern weapons. Aside from their high energy and high burning rate, safety performance is regarded as the most important factor that should be considered whenever a new solid propellant recipe is formulated. Therefore, exploring a new type of combustion catalyst that can improve both catalytic activity and reduce the sensitivity of the energetic component is significant. Traditionally, transition metals or metal oxides are used as a combustion catalyst for accelerating the thermal decomposition of energetic components. However, the existing problem of these catalysts is the aggregation of particles accompanied by poor surface area. Coupling metal oxides with graphene is a promising approach to obtain a binary composite with stable structure and large specific surface area. In this work, rod-like and granular Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Then, the two as-prepared Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were coupled with graphene sheets using an interfacial self-assembly method, which can effectively prevent the aggregation of Fe₂O₃ particles and simultaneously increase the active sites that participate in the reaction. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to identify the phase states and chemical compositions of the prepared samples. The morphology and internal structures were further demonstrated through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption tests. Both phase analysis and structure identification indicate that the prepared Fe₂O₃/G has high purity and high surface area. The catalytic performance of the prepared Fe₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃/G in the thermal decomposition of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) was evaluated based on thermal gravimetric analysis-infrared spectroscopy (TGA-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests. The non-isothermal decomposition kinetics of CL-20, Fe₂O₃/CL-20, and Fe₂O₃/G/CL-20 were further studied by DSC. The results reveal the excellent catalytic activity of Fe₂O₃/G in the thermal decomposition of CL-20, which is attributed to the presence of abundant pore structure and large surface area. The reaction mechanisms of the exothermic decomposition process of CL-20, Fe₂O₃/CL-20, and Fe₂O₃/G/CL-20 were obtained by the logical choice method, and the composites all followed same mechanism function model as CL-20. Through comparison, the rod-like Fe₂O₃ coupled with graphene was found to have the best catalytic activity in the thermal decomposition of CL-20. Thus, the rod-like Fe₂O₃ and its Fe₂O₃/G composite were used to investigate their influence on the impact sensitivity of CL-20 by fall hammer apparatus. The results show that rFe₂O₃/G can effectively decrease the impact sensitivity of CL-20 compared with pure CL-20 and rFe₂O₃/CL-20. Therefore, rFe₂O₃ coupled with graphene not only promotes the thermal decomposition but also improves the safety performance of CL-20.     

基于姿态关联帧叠加的星图信噪比增强方法

星敏感器在近地面使用时,由于星光信号容易被强烈的天空背景噪声所淹没,导致其无法在白天正常工作。为了提高星敏感器白天探星的能力,提出了一种星敏感器动态条件下基于姿态关联叠加提高星图信噪比的方法。该方法利用陀螺仪测量出与参考帧相关的每个星图帧之间的姿态变化量,实现不同帧星图之间的平移和旋转变换(即相关变换)。最后,将相关帧星图叠加到一起,使星图信噪比得到■倍增长(n为关联星图的帧数),从而提高全天时星敏感器在白昼条件下的工作能力。仿真结果表明:该方法能够有效地提高星图信噪比,且受惯性器件误差和安装角误差的影响较小,具有较强的可行性。     

射流式氧发生器的三维模拟研究

实现了对射流式氧发生器的三维仿真模拟,给出了氧发生器内部流场结构、各组分的分布状态等信息。研究了射流孔结构对氧发生器性能的影响。指出即便是具有相同比表面积的不同射流孔排布方式,也会对发生器性能产生影响。此外,逆向射流式氧发生器反应器中气体从双侧进入对于减小发生器对气体的阻力具有重要作用。     

基于对称性的三维车辆轨道耦合系统随机振动虚拟激励方法

基于结构的对称性提出了用于三维车辆轨道耦合系统高效随机动力响应分析的虚拟激励方法.车辆采用刚体动力学模型,轨道结构利用三维轨道广义单元建模,车辆与轨道通过线性轮轨关系耦合.采用虚拟激励法将高低、方向和水平三类轨道不平顺转化为一系列筒谐的虚拟不平顺;考虑车辆及轨道结构的对称性,分别推导了耦合系统的对称和反对称凝聚矩阵,提出了用于车辆轨道耦合系统动力响应计算的自由度凝聚方法,将耦合系统的自由度缩减至原来的一半以下,并在此基础上实现了耦合系统随机振动的高效分析.数值算例将本文方法与传统有限元方法进行对比,验证了本文方法的正确性和有效性.     

三维切口应力奇性指数计算

将三维切口根部的位移渐近展开式引入线弹性力学平衡方程,导得关于切口应力奇性指数的特征微分方程组.再采用插值矩阵法,一次性地计算出三维切口的各阶应力奇性指数,它们具有同阶精度,并可同时获取相应的特征角函数.算例显示该法是分析三维切口应力奇异指数的一个有效的路径.计算结果表明,三维切口的部分应力奇性指数收敛于平面应变切口应力奇性指数理论值,但若直接用平面应变理论预测三维切口应力奇性指数将导致部分奇性指数缺失.