Deposition of Diamond-Like carbon Films by High-Intensity Pulsed Ion Beam Ablation at Various Substrate Temperatures

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have been deposited on to Si substrates at substrate temperatures from 255℃ to 400O℃ by a high-intensity pulsed-ion-beam (HIPIB) ablation deposition technique. The formation of DLC is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. According to an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, the concentration of sp^3 carbon in the films is about 40% when the substrate temperature is below 300℃ C. With increasing substratetemperature from 25℃ to 400℃, the concentration of sp^3 carbon decreases from 43% to 8%. In other words,sp3 carbon is graphitized into sp^2 carbon when the substrate temperature is above 300℃. The results of xray diffraction and atomic force microscopy show that, with increasing the substrate temperature, the surface roughness and the friction coefficient increase, and the microhardness and the residual stress of the films decrease.     

泛代数的二次扩张

在本文中引入了泛代数的二次扩张的概念，解决了ＴＵ－ＥＣ（Ａ）和ＵＴ－ＥＣ（Ａ）的存在、真类和基数问题，范畴ＴＵ－ＥＣ（Ａ）（及ＵＴ－ＥＣ（Ａ）），并得到了有关二次扩张的几个同构定理，还对一点二次扩张作了讨论。     

C60的发现,制备,结构,性质及其潜在应用前景

Ｃ６０是碳的一种新的同素异型结构．本文综述了Ｃ６０的发现与制备方法，Ｃ６０形成的机制与其绪构特征，以及Ｃ６０的性质与其潜在的广阔应用前景．重点介绍用红外（ＩＲ）谱，１３Ｃ核磁共振（ＮＭＲ）谱和Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＤ）谱研究Ｃ６０结构的结果，及掺杂Ｃ６０固体的高温超导电性及其结构的最新研究进展．     

具有随机窗宽核估计的一致强相合性

设 X_1,…,X_m i.i.d.是取值于 R~n 中的随机向量,X_1 有概率密度 f(x),取正随机变量 H_m(x,ω)=H_m(x,X_2(ω),…,(ω))为随机窗宽,f(x)的核估计与最近邻估计分别如下:f_m(x)=(mH_m~n(x,ω))~(-1)sum from i=1 to m K((X_i-x)/H_m(x,w))f_m(x)=(ma_m~n(x,w))~(-1) sum from i=1 to m K((X_i-x)/a_m(x,w)),m≥1,x∈R~n.假定 K 为 R~n 中有界变差函数,当 f(x)与 K(x)的条件比[1]弱时,我们讨论了 f_m(x)与 f_m(x)的一致强相合性。本文所得随机窗宽的结果与[1]中常数窗宽的结果相同,这些结果也比[2]和[5]中的要好。     

教学质量的时齐马尔可夫链评估法

本文研究了教学质量评估中的一种定量分析方法──时齐马尔可夫链评估法．阐明了这种方法的理论依据及其实施程序、并指出它较之其他教学质量评估法更显合理．     

Study of hot bands in the B2Σ+u-X2Σ+g system of C-2 anion

Optical heterodyne magnetic rotation enhanced velocity modulation spectroscopy was employed to observe the visible absorption spectra of the B^2Σ^+_u-X^2Σ^+_g electronic transition of C^-_2. Four hot bands (0,1), (1,2), (2,3) and (3,4) have been observed and the band (3,4) is measured directly for the first time, so far as we know, by absorption. A rotational analysis was carried out to obtain molecular constants. With the Franck－Condon principle and the vibrational Boltzmann distribution, we have estimated the vibrational temperature of C^-_2 to be about 3000K.     

集合与简易逻辑

1）重点：集合及子集、交集、并集、补集、空集、相等集合等概念的理解，元素与集合、集合与集合之间的关系及集合的运算的理解与应用；绝对值不等式、一元二次不等式的解法，二次不等式、二次方程和二次函数之间的联系与应用；逻辑联结词“且、或、非”及简单命题、复合命题等概念的理解，命题真假的判断与应用，四种命题及其关系；充分条件、必要条件、充要条件的概念及两命题间充要关系的判断与证明．     

实系数一元四次方程的矩阵解法

1　引言许多实际问题 ,尤其是方阵的特征值与某些微分方程的求解往往归结为特征方程———一元ｎ次方程根的求解问题 .然而 ,当方程的次数大于或等于四次时其一般解的获得就不那么容易了 .众所周知 ,一元三次方程有求根公式———卡尔丹公式 ,而一元四次方程就没有确切的求根公式 .本文旨在给出一种通过矩阵变换来求一元四次方程根的新方法 .2　引理不失一般性 ,设实系数一元四次方程为 :ａ0 ｘ4+ａ1 ｘ3+ａ2 ｘ2 +ａ3ｘ +ａ4=0 (1 )(ａ0 ≠ 0 ,ａｉ ∈Ｒ ,0 ≤ｉ≤ 4)引理 1　记ＹＴ =(ｘ2 ,ｘ ,1 ) ,Ａ=ａ0ａ1 2 ｕａ1 2 ａ2 - 2ｕ ａ32ｕ…