用自适应脉冲微扰引导混沌系统到周期解

用自适应脉冲微扰方法控制的系统的某个系统变量作为驱动,设计了一种自适应控制器方法对两个或多个响应混沌系统进行脉冲微扰,引导这些系统从混沌运动到低周期运动,实现同时控制多个混沌系统到不同的周期态. 当选择相同的自适应控制器输入变量实施脉冲微扰时,还可控制两个或多个混沌系统达到不同的周期态同步. 通过对R?ssler混沌系统的仿真研究证实了方法的有效性. 关键词： 混沌控制 系统参量 自适应控制器 脉冲微扰 周期态同步     

KrVI离子能级和振子强度的理论计算

利用组态相互作用理论和参数外推法,计算了KrVI离子4s~24p—4s4p~2、4s~24p—4s~24d和4s4p~2—4p~3跃迁的能级、谱线波长和振子强度。与已有实验结果比较表明:波长的理论计算值与观测值在0.7A内很好符合,振子强度的理论计算值较大的跃迁均是实验中观测到的跃迁。     

Drag force on a moving heavy quark with deformed string configuration

To study drag force on a moving heavy quark through a plasma, we use a deformed AdS space-time, in which deformation parameter c describes non-conformality in AdS/QCD. In this case, the quark is mapped to a probe string in the AdS space. Considering the probable contribution of the deformation parameter in the probe string, we apply a general form of c-dependent string ansatz in the drag force computation. Then, we find the acceptable value of this parameter as it satisfies QCD calculations. Using this result, we also discuss the diffusion constant which is in agreement with the phenomenological result for the non-relativistic limit. Also, we show that while in absence of a deformation parameter, the probe string is a strictly increasing function of radial coordinate, the c-dependent probe string has a maximum value versus z.     

基于非线性最小二乘法的多光谱拟合程序：应用于12CH4谱线参数分析

精确的甲烷分子实验光谱参数在大气科学和天文探测等领域有着广泛的应用,特别是谱线的展宽系数及其温度依赖系数对于甲烷分子浓度廓线的研究尤为重要。精密的实验测量是获得准确谱线参数的重要手段。采用实验测量获取谱线参数时,需要在已知实验条件（浓度,温度,总压力,吸收光程以及气体分子种类的混合比等）的情况下,多次扫描同一波段范围得到多组实验室吸收光谱,然后利用基于非线性最小二乘法的拟合程序处理这些光谱,反演获得所需要的光谱参数。然而,一般常用的单光谱拟合程序处理实验光谱既费时又容易引起拟合过程中的误差传递。针对此问题,采用最小二乘拟合技术和Levenberg-Marquardt迭代算法编写了一款适用于处理由可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术（TDLAS）所获得的吸收光谱的多光谱拟合程序。该程序可同时处理多张实验光谱,并基于全局拟合方法获得一套光谱参数。详细介绍了该程序的原理、使用方法及数据处理过程。利用多光谱拟合程序中的Voigt线型处理了2 958～2 959 cm-1波数内甲烷（12CH₄）分子6条跃迁谱线的实验光谱,获得了296.0,251.0,223.0,198.0和173.0 K共5组温度下12CH₄分子6条谱线的空气展宽系数。与之前文献报道的该波段内采用单光谱拟合程序得到的相应数据对比结果表明：获得的各温度下的空气展宽系数与参考文献中相应数据差值的百分比处在-4.97%~1.58%之间,两者数据整体符合较好,并且在30组对比数据中,有4组由单光谱拟合程序得到的空气展宽系数的误差值小于由多光谱拟合程序得到的相应数值,有2组数据显示由两种方法获得的误差值相等,其余24组由多光谱拟合程序获得的数据拟合误差小于由单光谱拟合程序获得的相应数值,表明多光谱拟合程序具有良好的可靠性,适用于气体分子吸收光谱的处理。     

有限深两层流体中内孤立波造波实验及其理论模型

将置于大尺度密度分层水槽上下层流体中的两块垂直板反方向平推, 以基于 Miyata-Choi-Camassa (MCC)理论解的内孤立波诱导上下层流体中的层平均水平速度作为其运动速度, 发展了一种振幅可控的双推板内孤立波实验室造波方法. 在此基础上, 针对有限深两层流体中定态内孤立波 Korteweg-de Vries (KdV), 扩展KdV (eKdV), MCC和修改的Kdv (mKdV)理论的适用性条件等问题, 开展了系列实验研究.结果表明, 对以水深为基准定义的非线性参数ε 和色散参数μ, 存在一个临界色散参数μ₀, 当μ < μ₀ 时, KdV理论适用于ε ≤μ 的情况, eKdV理论适用于μ < ε ≤√μ 的情况, 而MCC理论适用于ε > √μ 的情况, 而且当μ ≥μ₀ 时MCC理论也是适用的.结果进一步表明, 当上下层流体深度比并不接近其临界值时, mKdV理论主要适用于内孤立波振幅接近其理论极限振幅的情况, 但这时MCC理论同样适用.本项研究定量地表征了四类内孤立波理论的适用性条件, 为采用何种理论来表征实际海洋中的内孤立波特征提供了理论依据. 关键词： 两层流体 内孤立波 双板造波 临界色散参数     

FP-LMTO method to calculate the structural,thermodynamic and optoelectronic properties of SixGe1−xC alloys

The structural and electronic properties of the ternary Si_xGe_1?xC alloys have been calculated using the full-potential linear muffin-tin-orbital (FP-LMTO) method based on density functional theory within both local density approximation (LDA) and generalised gradient approximation (GGA). The calculated equilibrium lattice constants and bulk moduli are compared with previous results. The concentration dependence of the electronic band structure and the direct and indirect band gaps are investigated. Using the approach of Zunger and co-workers, the microscopic origins of the band gap bowing are investigated also. Moreover, the refractive index and the optical dielectric constant for Si_xGe_1?xC are studied. The thermodynamic stability of the alloys of interest is investigated by means of the miscibility. This is the first quantitative theoretical prediction to investigate the effective masses, optical and thermodynamic properties for Si_xGe_1?xC alloy, and still awaits experimental confirmations.     

A New Equation between Surface Tensions and Solubility Parameters without Molar Volume Parameters Simultaneously Fitting Polymers and Solvents

Both surface tension and solubility parameter are decided by molecular interactions. There are several empirical equations describing their connection. However, at least two limitations exist for them: polymers cannot be treated and only apolar or weakly polar solvents can be fitted. We found when only the dispersive properties were considered, for 37 solvents and 22 polymers, a linear relationship exists between γ ^d and γ/δ^2/3 _d , fitted by a new equation. Compared with the previous equations, the value of the new equation is that most solvents and common polymers could be treated simultaneously. This equation will be of value for estimating the accuracy of reported surface tension data or solubility parameters of polymers.     

Grüneisen parameter for HCP iron at extreme compression

The Thomas–Fermi approximation gives the Grüneisen parameter γ=γ_∞=1/2 for all materials at extreme compression (P→∞ or V→0). After re-analyzing the existing experimental data of volume dependence of Grüneisen parameter γ of hexagonal close-packed (HCP) iron, we find that γ=1/2+a(V/V ₀)^1/3+b(V/V ₀) ⁿ , where a, b and n are constants. Based on this new form of γ, the second Grüneisen parameter q, the Debye temperature θ_D and the shear sound velocity v _s of HCP iron are discussed in the present work. It is found that the zero pressure second Grüneisen parameter q ₀=0.654, which is consistent with the previously determined value of HCP iron for Earth's core physics from Dubrovinsky et al. The calculations for the Debye temperature and the shear sound velocity are also found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.     

Parameter choice by discrepancy principles for ill-posed problems leading to optimal convergence rates

Schock (Ref. 1) considered a general a posteriori parameter choice strategy for the Tikhonov regularization of the ill-posed operator equationTx=y which provides nearly the optimal rate of convergence if the minimal-norm least-squares solution belongs to the range of the operator (T ^* T) ^v , o<v1. Recently, Nair (Ref. 2) improved the result of Schock and also provided the optimal rate ifv=1. In this note, we further improve the result and show in particular that the optimal rate can be achieved for 1/2v1.The final version of this work was written while M. T. Nair was a Visiting Fellow at the Centre for Mathematics and Its Applications, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. The work of S. George was supported by a Senior Research Fellowship from CSIR, India.     

Near optimality of stochastic control in systems with unknown parameter processes

Stochastic control for systems with an unknown parameter is considered in this paper. The underlying problem is to minimize a functional subject to a system described by a singularly perturbed differential equation with an unknown parameter process driven by fast fluctuating random disturbances. This problem arises in the context of stochastic adaptive control, adaptive signal processing, and failure-prone manufacturing systems. Due to the nature of the wide-bandwidth noise processes, identifying the parameter process for eacht is very hard since the driving noise changes very rapidly. An alternative approach is used, and an auxiliary control problem is introduced to overcome the difficulties. By means of weak convergence methods and comparison control techniques, nearly optimal controls are obtained.This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant DMS-9022139 and DMS-9224372.