A rational approximation and its applications to nonlinear partial differential equations on the whole line

An orthogonal system of rational functions is discussed. Some inverse inequalities, imbedding inequalities and approximation results are obtained. Two model problems are considered. The stabilities and convergences of proposed rational spectral schemes and rational pseudospectral schemes are proved. The techniques used in this paper are also applicable to other problems on the whole line. Numerical results show the efficiency of this approach.     

圆柱型正交各向异性圆形薄板的非线性非对称弯曲问题（Ⅱ）

本文利用“正则摄动法”［２］研究文献［１］中由“两变量法”［３］所得到的关于Ｗｎｍ，和的递推方程和递推边界条件的求解问题。求得了本问题的一致有效渐近解，最后作为实例，我们利用“混合摄动法”［４］研究了轴对称线性弯曲问题，并将所得结果与文献［５］中给出的精确解相比较，两者基本上是一致的。     

受体生物传感器的研究进展

综述了利用各种生物材料中的膜受体蛋白作为分子识别元件的受体生物传感器研究的最新进展。主要从离体受体传感器、细胞受体传感器和神经组织受体传感器3个方面，讨论了它们的特点和存在的问题，并展望了受体生物传感器未来的发展方向。共引用文献42篇。     

Production of α-keto acids Part I. Immobilized cells ofTrigonopsis variabilis containing D-amino acid oxidase

Whole cells ofTrigonopsis variabilis were immobilized by entrapment in Ca²⁺-alginate and used for the production of α-keto acids from the corresponding D-amino acids. The D-amino acid oxidase within the immobilized cells has a broad substrate specificity. Hydrogen peroxide formed in the enzymatic reaction was efficiently hydrolyzed by manganese oxide co-immobilized with the cells. The amino acid oxidase activity was assayed with a new method based on reversed-phase HPLC. Oxygen requirements, bead size, concentration of cells in the beads, flow rate, and other factors were investigated in a “ trickle-bed ” reactor.     

Measurement of lactate in whole human blood with near-infrared transmission spectroscopy

We have evaluated the potential of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a technique for rapid analysis of lactate in whole blood. To test the NIRS technique, a comparison was made with a standard clinical method using whole blood samples taken from five exercising human subjects at three different stage of exercise. To expand lactate concentration within the physiological range, standard additions method was used to generate 45 unique data points. Spectra were collected over the 2050-2400 nm spectral range with a 1 mm optical path length quartz cell. Reference lactate concentrations in the samples were determined by enzymatic measurements. Estimates and calibration of the lactate concentration with NIRS was made using partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis and leave-N-out cross validation on second derivative spectra. Separate calibrations were determined from each of the subject samples and cumulative PRESS was used to determine the number of PLS factors in the final model. The results from the PLS model presented are generated from the five individual calibration coefficient vectors and provided a correlation coefficient of 0.978 and a standard error of cross validation of 0.65 mmol l⁻¹ between the enzymatic assay and the NIRS technique. To study the parameters that impact the spectra baseline and the correlation between the calculated model and the data, referenced measurements of lactate against baseline spectrum were made for each individual. A correlation coefficient of 0.992 and a standard error of cross validation of 0.21 mmol l⁻¹ were found. The results suggest that NIRS may provide a valuable tool to assess physiological status for both research and clinical needs.     

40J激光装置研制

 报道了一台输出能量在40J量级的激光装置。该装置从星光Ⅱ激光装置分光作为光源,由放大器链、能源系统和支撑桁架等三大部分构成。对整个激光装置的模拟计算结果表明：装置的增益能力足够输出40J,B积分满足ΔB小于1.8的要求。研制了一种全腔水冷新型放大器,对其小信号增益系数和增益均匀性进行了测量,实验得出增益系数β为0.034cm ^-1,增益均匀性为91.84%。结果表明这种放大器完全能满足此激光装置的设计要求。     

水／离子液体两相体系中出芽短梗霉催化4-氯-乙酰乙酸乙酯不对称还原合成（S）-4-氯-3-羟基-丁酸乙酯

考察了水/离子液体两相体系中出芽短梗霉(Aureobasidium pullulansCGMCC1244)催化4-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯(COBE)不对称还原生成光学活性(S)-4-氯-3-羟基丁酸乙酯((S)-CHBE)的性能,并对反应条件如摇床转速、相体积比、温度、初始底物浓度和pH值等进行了优化.结果表明,在水/1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐体系中,出芽短梗霉催化COBE不对称还原生成(S)-CHBE,在30℃,pH6·6,摇床转速180r/min和不对称反应8h条件下,反应物的转化率、产物ee值和浓度分别达到95·6%,98·5%和47·1g/L.在控制pH值为6·6的情况下,通过分添加底物可有效提高产物(S)-CHBE浓度至75·1g/L.     

全谱拟合法研究聚丙烯腈基碳纤维形成过程中晶态结构演变

通过全谱拟合法对碳纤维制备过程中不同阶段纤维的XRD谱图进行处理,得到不同阶段纤维的微观结构参数,研究了聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维制备过程中晶态结构的演变.全谱拟合法基于晶体衍射的严格物理理论,拟合目标为整个衍射谱,并不是个别衍射峰,所得结果具有更高的可信度.研究结果表明:PAN原丝中的高分子链沿纤维轴高度取向,表观晶粒尺寸为6.5 nm左右;经过预氧化处理,纤维中的有序结构遭到破坏,表观晶粒尺寸锐减.纤维中逐渐形成梯形结构并沿纤维轴取向,从而形成新的有序结构;经过碳化处理后,环状梯形结构转变为碳的层状结 关键词： 碳纤维 晶体结构 XRD 全谱拟合法