基于创新性过程投入的员工创造力影响因素研究

创新性过程投入是近年来在管理领域出现的新概念,虽然从理论上能够推导出这一概念有助于员工创造力的提升,但其在知识工作者的内生动机与创造力之间是否以及扮演什么角色,理论界触及不深、缺乏系统的探索和阐释。论文基于自主理论建构了一个被调节的中介效应模型,旨在探索内生动机是如何影响员工创造力的。实证结果表明:(1)知识工作者的内生动机显著影响创造力;(2)创新性过程投入在知识工作者内生动机与创造力之间起部分中介作用;(3)创造力自我效能感调节了创新性过程投入对创造力的影响;进一步,(4)创新性过程投入的中介作用受到了创造力自我效能感的调节,创造力自我效能感程度越高,知识工作者内生动机通过创新性过程投入对创造力的间接作用越强。研究发现创新性过程投入在主效应中的特殊解释力,丰富内生动机效力的相关研究,对员工创造性实践提供了有益的启示。     

Rate independent hysteresis in a bi-stable chain

The nontrivial behavior of an elastic chain with identical bi-stable elements may be considered prototypical for a large number of nonlinear processes in solids ranging from phase transitions to fracture. The energy landscape of such a chain is extremely wiggly which gives rise to multiple equilibrium configurations and results in a hysteretic evolution and a possibility of trapping. In the present paper, which extends our previous study of the static equilibria in this system (Puglisi and Truskinovsky, J. Mech. Phys. Solids (2000) 1), we analyze the behavior of a bi-stable chain in a soft device under quasi-static loading. We assume that the system is over-damped and explore the variety of available nonequilibrium transformation paths. In particular, we show that the “minimal barrier” strategy leads to the localization of the transformation in a single spring. Loaded periodically, our bi-stable chain exhibits finite hysteresis which depends on the height of the admissible barrier; the cold work/heat ratio in this model is a fixed constant, proportional to the Maxwell stress. Comparison of the computed inner and outer hysteresis loops with recent experiments on shape memory wires demonstrates good qualitative agreement. Finally we discuss a relation between the present model and the Preisach model which is a formal interpolation scheme for hysteresis, also founded on the idea of bi-stability.     

非局部非对称弹性理论混合边值问题的提法

从完全的虚功和虚功率原理以及广义Ｐｉｏｌａ定理出发一并推导出非局部非对称弹性理论的运动方程、所有边界条件和全能量方程。把这时给出的边界条件和高键,戴天民的相应结果加在一超即可表述非局部非对称线性弹性理论的混合边值问题。     

Cross-country skiing motion equations,locomotive forces and mass scaling laws

This article presents differential equations for locomotive force and velocity during cross-country skiing. A muscle's work power is modelled. Thereafter, a locomotive force that depends on the skier's velocity is constructed. The external forces aerodynamic drag, friction forces and the force of gravity are incorporated in order to provide the equation of motion. Some allometric mass scaling relations are established and used to analyse the effect of a skier's mass on velocity. The model is tested by using a GPS instrument. We compare analytically and experimentally determined skiing distances and velocities as functions of time, and under different conditions. The article provides tools useful for practising athletes and coaches.     

Nonequilibrium Measurements of Free Energy Differences for Microscopically Reversible Markovian Systems

An equality has recently been shown relating the free energy difference between two equilibrium ensembles of a system and an ensemble average of the work required to switch between these two configurations. In the present paper it is shown that this result can be derived under the assumption that the system's dynamics is Markovian and microscopically reversible.     

Band bending at the Si(1 1 1)–SiO2 interface induced by low-energy ion bombardment

Experiments employing photoreflectance spectroscopy have uncovered band bending due to electrically active defects at the Si(1 1 1)–SiO₂ interface after sub-keV Ar⁺ ion bombardment. The band bending of about 0.5 eV resembles that for Si(1 0 0)–SiO₂, and both interfaces exhibit two kinetic regimes for the evolution of band bending upon annealing due to defects healing. The healing takes place about an order of magnitude more quickly at the (1 1 1) interface, however, probably because of less fully saturated bonding and higher compressive stress.     

Some basic principles in dynamic theory of viscoelastic materials with voids

According to the basic idea of classical yin-yang complementarity and modern dual-complementarity, in a simple and unified way proposed by Luo, some basic principles in the dynamic theory of viscoelastic materials with voids can be estab- lished systematically. In this paper, an important integral relation in terms of con- volutions is given, which can be considered as the generalized principle of virtual work in mechanics. Based on this relation, it is possible not only to obtain the principle of virtual work and the reciprocal theorem, but also to derive systemati- cally the complementary functionals for the eight-field, six-field, four-field simpli- fied Gurtin-type variational principles and the potential energy-functional for the two-field one in the dynamic theory of viscoelastic materials with voids by the generalized Legendre transformations given in this paper. Furthermore, with this approach, the intrinsic relationship among various principles can be explained clearly.     

太赫兹无损检测的多特征参数神经网络分析技术

提出一种基于太赫兹无损检测的多特征参数神经网络分析技术,用于分析耐高温复合材料的粘贴质量无损检测.采用抽片式方法设计了一种耐高温复合材料的脱粘缺陷样品,抽片厚度为0.1mm.采用太赫兹时域光谱无损检测技术对耐高温复合材料的多层脱粘缺陷进行了检测试验研究,对比了上下脱粘缺陷所对应的太赫兹时域波形及频谱信息的异同,针对性地建立了耐高温复合材料粘贴质量的上层脱粘参数、下层脱粘参数、频域吸收质心参数等多特征参数,将特征参数进行优化作为反向传播神经网络的输入并对其进行上下脱粘分类识别.通过对反向传播神经网络的训练测试,实现了耐高温复合材料上层脱粘0.1mm、下层脱粘0.1mm的脱粘缺陷的识别.     

The dependence of polymer conductivity on the work function of metallic electrodes

It is shown that the occurrence of metallic conductivity in polymers is due to their electrification. In particular, the current density depends on the electron work function of metallic electrodes which are in contact with the polymer.