全文获取类型
收费全文 | 499篇 |
免费 | 40篇 |
国内免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 108篇 |
晶体学 | 1篇 |
力学 | 16篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
数学 | 140篇 |
物理学 | 277篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 10篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 11篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 27篇 |
2013年 | 44篇 |
2012年 | 23篇 |
2011年 | 27篇 |
2010年 | 31篇 |
2009年 | 30篇 |
2008年 | 26篇 |
2007年 | 30篇 |
2006年 | 30篇 |
2005年 | 29篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 31篇 |
2002年 | 13篇 |
2001年 | 15篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有548条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
State and parameter estimations of non-linear dynamical systems, based on incomplete and noisy measurements, are considered using Monte Carlo simulations. Given the measurements, the proposed method obtains the marginalized posterior distribution of an appropriately chosen (ideally small) subset of the state vector using a particle filter. Samples (particles) of the marginalized states are then used to construct a family of conditionally linearized system of equations and thus obtain the posterior distribution of the states using a bank of Kalman filters. Discrete process equations for the marginalized states are derived through truncated Ito-Taylor expansions. Increased analyticity and reduced dispersion of weights computed over a smaller sample space of marginalized states are the key features of the filter that help achieve smaller sample variance of the estimates. Numerical illustrations are provided for state/parameter estimations of a Duffing oscillator and a 3-DOF non-linear oscillator. Performance of the filter in parameter estimation is also assessed using measurements obtained through experiments on simple models in the laboratory. Despite an added computational cost, the results verify that the proposed filter generally produces estimates with lower sample variance over the standard sequential importance sampling (SIS) filter. 相似文献
42.
A channel drop filter system that consists of two waveguides and three cavities is studied. One cavity couples with both waveguides, while the other two work as resonant mirrors to reflect the selected channel back into the system. The operation of this configuration is analyzed, using coupled mode theory. The conditions to achieve 100% in-plane channel transfer are derived. A method to suppress the side lobes of reflection and backward drop is also proposed. The direct coupling between the cavities is not required. The analysis is verified by two-dimensional finite difference time domain simulations in 2D hexagonal photonic crystals. 相似文献
43.
紧支撑三元正交小波滤波器的参数化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高维小波分析是分析和处理多维数字信号的有力工具.非张量积多元小波被广泛地应用在模式识别、纹理分析和边缘检测等领域.本文给出方体域上三元正交滤波器的一种参数化构造算法,三元小波滤波器的这种构造方法使我们能更方便地研究非张量积的三元正交小波.最后给出数值算例. 相似文献
44.
Hongtao Liu Ling Liu Yiquan Xiong Xuemei Yang Tiangang Luan 《Journal of chromatography. A》2010,1217(43):6747-6753
A simple, precise and accurate method for the simultaneous determination of four UV filters and five polycyclic musks (PCMs) in aqueous samples was developed by solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC–MS). The operating conditions affecting the performance of SPME-GC–MS, including fiber thickness, desorption time, pH, salinity, extraction time and temperature have been carefully studied. Under optimum conditions (30 μm PDMS fiber, 7 min desorption time, pH 7, 10% NaCl, 90 min extraction time at 24 °C), the correlation coefficients (r2) of the calibration curves of target compounds ranged from 0.9993 to 0.9999. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.2 to 9.6 ng L−1 and 0.7 to 32.0 ng L−1, respectively. The developed procedure was applied to the determinations of four UV filters and five PCMs in river water samples and internal standard was used for calibration to compensate the matrix effect. Good relative recoveries were obtained for spiked river water at low, medium and high levels. The proposed SPME method was compared with traditional SPE procedure and the results found in river water using both methods were in the same order of magnitude and both are quite agreeable. 相似文献
45.
Hugo M. Oliveira Marcela A. Segundo José L.F.C. Lima Manuel Miró Victor Cerdà 《Journal of chromatography. A》2010,1217(22):3575-3582
For the first time, an automatic sample pre-treatment/detection method is proposed for the multiclass determination of UV filters (namely, benzophenone-3, ethylhexylmetoxycinnamate, butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane and homosalate) in environmental samples. The new methodology comprises in-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) of the target analytes by exploiting the bead injection (BI) concept in a mesofluidic lab-on-valve (LOV) format, with subsequent determination by liquid chromatography (LC). The proposed microanalytical system, using a multisyringe burette as propulsion unit, automatically performed the overall SPE steps, including the renewal of the sorbent in each analytical cycle to prevent sample cross-contamination and the post-extraction adjustment of the eluate composition to prevent chromatographic band broadening effects. In order to expedite the LC separation, a C18 monolithic column was applied and an accelerated isocratic elution was carried out by using a cationic surfactant as mobile phase additive. The LOV-BI-LC method was proven reliable for handling and analysis of complex matrices, e.g., spiked swimming pool water and seawater, with limits of detection ranging between 0.45 and 3.2 μg L−1 for 9 mL sample volume. Linear calibration was attained up to 160 μg L−1 for homosalate and up to 35 μg L−1 for the other target analytes, with good reproducibility (RSD < 13%, for 5 different SPE columns). The hyphenated scheme is able to process a given sample simultaneously and within the same time frame than the chromatographic separation/determination of the formerly pre-treated sample, providing concentration values every 9 min. Hence, the sample throughput was enhanced up to 33 times when compared with previously reported off-line SPE methods. A drastic reduction in reagent consumption and effluent production was also attained, contributing to the development of an environment-friendly analyzer. 相似文献
46.
47.
We present a method to reduce changes in the resonant peak depth of a long-period fiber grating (LPFG) as the resonant band is tuned by varying the external refractive index. We theoretically analyze the effects of the initial coupling strength on the peak depth change as external refractive index is varied. By controlling the initial coupling strength, it is experimentally demonstrated that an optimum peak depth can be obtained over a range of operating wavelengths that will maximize the sensitivity and stability of LPFG based sensors and tunable filters. 相似文献
48.
B. Lacaze 《Optics Communications》2011,284(12):2700-2706
The Stokes decomposition theorem deals with the electrical field of a light beam. The theorem asserts that a beam can be viewed as the sum of two differently polarized parts. This result was recently discussed for light in the frame of the unified theory of coherence. We study the general case of an electromagnetic wave which can be in radio, radar, communications, or light. We assume stationary components with any power spectrum and finite or infinite bandwidth. We show that an accurate definition of polarization and unpolarization is a key parameter which rules the set of solutions of the problem. When dealing with a “strong definition” of unpolarization, the problem is treated in the frame of stationary processes and linear invariant filters. When dealing with a “weak definition”, solutions are given by elementary properties of bidimensional random variables. 相似文献
49.
The design of multichannel optical filter is studied theoretically. New efficient two-step method based on combination of 6-th moment minimization and straightforward numerical minimization is developed. It is applied to find a fiber Bragg grating profile with minimal refractive index variation for 5 ÷ 32 channels. Obtained results are closer to the theoretical limit than previously reported. 相似文献
50.