双极膜技术在无机盐工业中的应用

介绍了近十年来双极膜技术的最新研究成果及其在无机盐产酸、产碱工艺中的应用。将双极膜技术应用于氯碱工业中,在阳极上,以析氧反应替代传统的析氯反应。将双极膜电解槽与现行的氯氢离子膜电解槽连用,可构建出新的氯氢平衡的体系,以实现氯碱厂中析氯量的有效控制。在钾盐生产的工艺中联产硫酸和烧碱。     

建筑企业社会网络关系及对市场竞争力的影响:基于项目合作视角

建筑市场是一个由复杂社会网络关系构成的系统,企业的竞争力和其在网络结构中的位置和把握网络机会的能力相关.论文从项目合作视角出发,通过建立建筑业企业社会网络模型,并利用区域性案例进行实证.结果发现建筑业不同类型的企业在网络中的位置具有显著不同,服从幂律分布,但本地国有企业占有明显优势,存在市场开放度和竞争不足问题;进一步的,论文通过实证得出了企业市场竞争力受中心度和结构洞中的限制度指标的双重影响,且两个因素之间存在幂律关系.论文的实证结论证明,在不完全竞争条件下,企业要提高自身在建筑市场的竞争力,必须尽可能利用地缘社会关系和政府资源关系,创造和利用网络结构洞,巩固自身在网络中的位置,尽力提高网络个体中心度.     

Speciality oils supply chain optimization: From a decoupled to an integrated planning approach

We study a problem of tactical planning in a divergent supply chain. It involves decisions regarding production, inventory, internal transportation, sales and distribution to customers. The problem is motivated by the context of a company in the speciality oils industry. The overall objective at tactical level is to maximize contribution and, in order to achieve this, the planning has been divided into two separate problems. The first problem concerns sales where the final sales and distribution planning is decentralized to individual sellers. The second problem concerns production, transportation and inventory planning through refineries, hubs and depots and is managed centrally with the aim of minimizing costs. Due to this decoupling, the solution of the two problems needs to be coordinated in order to achieve the overall objective. In the company, this is pursued through an internal price system aiming at giving the sellers the incentives needed to align their decisions with the overall objective. We propose and discuss linear programming models for the decoupled and integrated planning problems. We present numerical examples to illustrate potential effects of integration and coordination and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the integrated over the decoupled approach. While the total contribution is higher in the integrated approach, it has also been found that the sellers’ contribution can be considerably lower. Therefore, we also suggest contribution sharing rules to achieve a solution where both the company and the sellers attain a better outcome under the integrated planning.     

服务业集聚和经济增长对我国城镇化影响的实证研究——基于半参数空间滞后模型

针对已有文献研究城镇化时忽视的服务业的空间集聚效应以及经济增长对人口城镇化的非线性关系的问题,文章根据第六次全国人口普查数据,利用半参数空间滞后模型实证研究了我国人口城镇化的影响因素。结果表明:(1)服务业的发展大力推动了我国区域人口城镇化发展,且它的影响强度明显高于工业化发展所带来的影响。服务业集聚效应对该省的人口城镇化具有促进作用,第二产业集聚对该省的人口城镇化的作用不显著。(2)经济欠发达地区(云贵川等)的经济增长对人口城镇化的促进作用较小。而多数位于中部和沿海经济较发达地区(福建、广州等)的经济增长显著促进了人口城镇化的发展。然而,在经济发达地区(如上海、北京、浙江)的经济增长对人口城镇化的促进效果明显开始减弱,甚至是负向的关系。(3)半参数空间滞后模型比普通参数模型具有更高的拟合优度和更丰富的结论,它能够有效刻画城镇化过程中空间相关性与非线性特征。     

基于地方特色开发的化工过程模拟实验——以变压精馏为例

基于六盘水地区海拔高、气压低的特点,开设了具有地方特色的变压精馏过程模拟实验,低压塔设定为六盘水地区大气压值。以变压精馏分离乙酸甲酯-甲醇共沸物为例,通过相图确定精馏序列及工艺流程,讨论了进料位置、回流比和塔板数等变量对年度总费用TAC的影响,对于学生掌握化工技术和经济分析具有良好的教学效果。同时,对于培养人才的工程实践能力和服务地方产业提供了有效的保障。     

浙江省海洋经济核心区“三群”协调发展度研究—–基于系统的耦合分析

以浙江海洋经济核心区—–宁波舟山港为研究对象, 构建港口经济、临港产业经济和城市经济的复合系统的评价指标体系, 采用熵值法和层次分析法对各指标进行权重赋值; 运用综合评价模型、耦合度和耦合协调度模型对宁波舟山港2005~2017年“三群”的协调发展度进行了实证分析. 结果显示: 宁波舟山港的港口经济、临港产业经济与城市经济的发展状况逐年好转, 其中发展水平与增速最快的是城市经济; 2005~2015年宁波舟山港“三群”的整体动态协调程度处于低位发展阶段, 系统处于轻度失调阶段, 2016年起步入协调阶段; 3个子系统之间的互动逐步向更高程度的耦合协调阶段发展, 且提升空间较大.     

Customer rebates and retailer incentives in the presence of competition and price discrimination

Promotions are important tools for matching supply and demand in many industries. In the United States automotive industry, promotions are frequently offered, which may be given directly to customers (rebates) or given to dealers (incentives) to stimulate demand. We analyze the performance of customer rebate and retailer incentive promotions under competition. We study a setting with two manufacturers making simultaneous pricing and promotion decisions, and with two price-discriminating retailers as Stackelberg followers making simultaneous order quantity decisions. In the benchmark case with no promotions, we characterize the equilibria in closed form. We find that retailer incentives can be used by manufacturers to simultaneously improve each of their profits but can potentially lead to lower retailer profits. When manufacturers use customer rebates, we show that a manufacturer is able to decrease the profit of her competitor while increasing her own profit, although she is also at risk for her competitor to use rebates in a similar fashion. Unlike the monopoly case where the manufacturers are always better off with retailer incentives, customer rebates can be more profitable under some cases in the presence of competition. Using numerical examples we generate insights on the manufacturers’ preference of promotions in different market settings.     

基于Entropy-Topsis模型的军工企业自主创新能力分析与测评

军工企业要提高自主创新能力、努力增强核心竞争力,必须明确地定位创新型企业的发展目标,转型升级军工企业的科技创新模式。本文基于军工企业的自主创新特征,剖析自主创新能力的影响因素,从研发能力、生产能力、投入能力、成果能力和管理能力等视角设置测评指标,建立Entropy-Topsis评价模型,继而测评25个典型军工企业的自主创新能力,验证测评指标和评价模型的科学性和适用性。     

基于MFGM企业项目链风险元传递研究

为了对企业项目间风险元传递预测进行研究,本文首先提出项目链风险元传递概念及企业项目链风险传递四面体模型,然后以企业项目链风险传递链式结构为切入点,引入灰色预测、傅里叶级数和马尔科夫链理论,构建了马尔科夫—傅里叶级数修正灰色预测模型(MFGM),用来预测项目链式结构的风险元传递,最后以项目工期为风险元,算例分析基于该模型的项目链风险元传递的预测情况,结果表明该模型具有可行性和有效性。     

信息产业发展对区域产业结构高度化的作用机制

构建了信息产业发展与区域产业结构高度化的指标体系,利用基于OWA算子的灰色关联模型融合方法测算了电子信息产业发展与区域产业结构高度化的关联程度.结果表明,电子信息产业的发展是区域产业结构高度化的重要支撑力.东部地区的信息产业发展与区域产业结构高度化指标体系中的环保资金投入增加量和第三产业增加值的关联度较高.中部、西部地区的信息产业发展与新兴产业产值的关联程度较大.从全国范围来看,信息产业的科技创新转化能力对产业结构高度化的推动作用仍较低.