MODELING CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE EFFECT ON THE NORWEGIAN SALMON FARMING INDUSTRY

Abstract Global warming is expected to affect the ecosystem in the Northeast Atlantic, and substantial changes will also affect the aquaculture industry. Farming of salmon and trout is the biggest aquaculture industry in Norway, with an export value of about 3 billion US dollars in 2007. The objective of the paper is to analyze the potential economic effect a general increase in sea temperature can have on the Norwegian salmon aquaculture industry. The assessment of the economic impact of global warming is made possible by estimating a growth function, which explicitly includes sea water temperature. The analysis compares the economic effect of a climate change on fish farming plants in the south and the north of Norway. The scenarios are based on a model with monthly seasonal variation in temperature.     

The assessment of the information quality with the aid of multiple criteria analysis

The virtual business work flow depends on the information quality (IQ) which is essential attribute of information. The IQ depends strongly on organization of the information system (IS) and how the information is processed. In our approach we incorporate the four-aspect representation of IQ: (1) intrinsic, (2) contextual, (3) representational, and (4) accessibility. These four-aspects are divided into several criteria at the next level of hierarchy. The weights, representing the relative importance of criteria, have been assessed by pair-wise comparisons made by group of experts. Based on discussion with experts, six alternative strategies, that could be used for improving the IQ, were designed. For each given criterion, the group of subjects revealed the opinion about the level of achievement of every alternative. The set of scores, assigned to the alternative by different subjects, formed the discrete distribution that is used for a comparison of alternatives with the aid of stochastic dominances. In analogy to the Electre I methodology, the simple algorithm for the aggregate evaluation of analyzed alternatives was proposed. The benefits of proposed approach were demonstrated in a case study of the semiconductor industry. The results of our study suggest, that in case of matured company, the external strategies, that point out to the information exchange and strategic networked alliance with customers and suppliers, are preferred to the internal ones. The latter ones might be of greater importance for the new set up or for a young company.     

基于虚拟人才资源的新型知识型服务业

针对知识型服务企业面，临的人力需求多样性、知识更新速度快、客户响应要求高等问题，应用虚拟人力资源有助于知识型服务企业充分利用企业外智力资源，提升知识型服务企业的层次，降低人力资源管理的成本．通过应用方式及实例分析表明，虚拟人力资源是构建新型知识型服务业的一种有效途径．     

Evolutionary stability of auction and supply chain contracting: An analysis based on disintermediation in the Indian tea supply chains

The purpose of this paper is to show that evolutionary stable market equilibrium is achievable through complete disintermediation of auctioneers if the option of bargaining-based supply chain contracting exists. The paper analyzes the evolutionary dynamics of a market that caters both the scopes of auction-intermediation and supply chain contracting to a set of homogeneous buyers and sellers. The motivation of this work developed from the contradiction between the theoretical framework of Lu and McAfee (1996) that identifies auction to be evolutionary stable over bargaining and the real instance of sustained disintermediation of auctioneers in the world’s largest tea industry in India where supply chain contracting is the other option of trading.     

互联网专车服务对出租车行业垄断的影响

通过数学建模方法可知,由于出租车公司和政府部门追求垄断利润,出租车司机和消费者的福利减少,因此,对消费者和司机来说,出租车行业垄断确实是一种伤害.互联网专车服务以低廉的价格和优质的服务,是打破出租车行业垄断的有力工具.从模型分析揭示的结果可知:传统的出租车行业必须对司机、消费者、公司和政府间的利润分配制度进行深层次的改革.只有这样,才能建立一个和谐的出租车服务体系.     

基于DEA的钦州坭兴陶产业发展绩效及企业经营评价

不少非物质文化遗产能够进行产业化经营,成为可经营性非物质文化遗产.广西壮族自治区钦州市坭兴陶烧制传统技艺,其产业化市场潜力较高,适宜合理的市场开发,以便更好地传承和发展该非物质文化遗产.运用动态DEA-Malmquist指数模型,对钦州市坭兴陶产业绩效进行动态纵向评价,研究该产业当中8个企业的生产经营绩效变化及影响因子,发现该产业的资源利用率、生产绩效和规模报酬的发展态势,从而为钦州坭兴陶产业的发展提供参考依据.     

装备产业演化的时空分异测度研究

利用信息熵对我国装备产业1987-2004年的时空分异状况进行了测度。计算结果表明,我国装备产业在不同地区、不同行业的演化速度和发展规模不尽相同,呈现出显著的时空分异特征。在时间序列上我国装备产业演化可以分为三个阶段,演化特征呈现"均衡→非均衡→均衡"格局。在空间布局上我国装备产业呈现较强的地理集中现象,且装备产业地理集中存在地方性行业垄断特征,不同行业集中趋势不同。研究认为:对于装备产业发展均衡性地区,宜形成独具特色的装备行业分工;对于目前装备产业产值份额较低的省市,由于外部环境、地理区位等因素制约,装备产业发展不具有总体竞争优势,应特别重视主导装备产业的培育。装备产业分工的地方化特征是导致装备产业布局与空间距离具有弱相关性的直接原因。装备产业在空间布局上应加强增长极的培育和发展,通过专业化分工,优化资源组合,从整体上提升我国装备产业的发展水平。     

中国汽车产业内外资企业生产效率研究

文章利用教据包络分析法(DEA)结合Malquist指数分解对中国汽车产业内资企业和外资企业1998年～2005年的生产效率的变化进行了实证分析.研究结果表明,内外资企业的技术效率存在明显差距;Malquist生产率指数构成表明,中国汽车产业的全要素生产率总体呈现正增长的趋势,主要源自技术进步的拉动;内资企业近年来技术进步明显,成为拉动生产率增长的主要动力,外资企业对我国汽车产业全要素生产率的改善以及推动产业技术进步起到了积极的推动作用.     

轨道交通产业全产业链的韧性-脆弱性研究

首先,论述了韧性-脆弱性理论,界定了韧性-脆弱性的内涵．其次,分析了全产业链的产业韧性-脆弱性的形成机理,包括全产业链韧性-脆弱性和轨道交通产业全产业链韧性-脆弱性两个概念的界定．第三,构建了轨道交通产业全产业链韧性-脆弱性评价指标,内部评价指标来自于企业管理水平等5个影响因子,外部评价指标来自于资源禀赋等3个影响因子．第四,实证分析了轨道交通产业全产业链韧性-脆弱性评价,得出8个指标分别影响该产业全产业链韧性-脆弱性的情况是：企业规模、技术密集度、交通成本和对外开发程度这4个指标的影响显著,劳动力成本对产业影响程度不大,消费购买力和专利申请数及政策支持影响不显著．最后,从提高产业技术创新能力等5个方面,提出缓解轨道交通产业全产业链韧性-脆弱性的对策建议．     

制造业企业的股权结构对企业绩效影响的实证研究

股权结构是企业有效治理的基础,优化股权结构是提高企业绩效的关键.对此国内外学者进行了相关研究,但结果并不一致.在综合考虑了企业的生命周期和行业性质的前提下,探讨了股权结构对企业绩效的影响,选取制造业行业1190家企业2012-2015年的相关变量数据,首先采用主成分综合得分法计算出企业绩效,之后选用现金流组合法按照各自所处的生命周期对企业进行分类,最后在各时期内分别构建回归模型来分析股权结构对企业绩效的作用,并进行了模型验证.股权集中度对企业绩效的影响分为三类：处于导入期、成熟期和淘汰期的企业影响关系呈正U型,处于增长期的企业与其绩效显著负相关,衰退期企业的影响并不显著.股权制衡度对企业绩效的影响分为两类：处于成熟期、淘汰期的企业影响关系呈倒U型,导入期、增长期、衰退期影响则不显著.