Dedekind Complete Commutative BCK-algebras

We study Dedekind complete commutative BCK-algebras with the relative cancellation property and their connection with corresponding universal groups. We shall characterize Dedekind orthogonally complete atomic and Archimedean BCK-algebras, generalizing results of Jakubík known for MV-algebras. Finally, we characterize those Dedekind complete and atomic commutative BCK-algebras that are isomorphic to direct products of basic BCK-chains, generalizing a result of Cignoli for MV-algebras.     

Another Approach to Topological Descent Theory

In the category T op of topological spaces and continuous functions, we prove that surjective maps which are descent morphisms with respect to the class E of continuous bijections are exactly the descent morphisms, providing a new characterization of the latter in terms of subfibrations E(X) of the basic fibration given by T op/X which are, essentially, complete lattices. Also effective descent morphisms are characterized in terms of effective morphisms with respect to continuous bijections. For classes E satisfying suitable conditions, we show that the class of effective descent morphisms coincides with the one of effective E-descent morphisms.     

On Full and Faithful Kan Extensions

The paper introduces some mild requirements under which a Kan extension is a full embedding that preserves factorization systems and colimits of -directed diagrams. The existence of such Kan extensions is then used to establish conditions equivalent to algebraic universality of concrete categories such as varieties of algebras of any given similarity type.     

Butler groups with a single τ-adic relation

It is proved that a τ-adic relation characterizing a Butler group is piecewise rational. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 60, No. 6, pp. 882–887, December, 1996.     

Mutual solubilities of hydrocarbons and water with the CPA EoS

The knowledge of hydrocarbon/water phase equilibria is important in the design and operation of equipment for petroleum transport and refining and petrochemical plants. The presence of water in a hydrocarbon mixture can affect the product quality and damage the operation equipment due to corrosion and formation of gas hydrates. Tracing the concentration of hydrocarbons in aqueous media is also important for technical purposes like preventing oil spills and for ecological concerns such as predicting the fate of these organic pollutants in the environment.     

Universal function for the brilliance of undulator radiation considering the energy spread effect

Angular and spatial profiles of undulator radiation have been investigated to derive a universal function that evaluates the brilliance of undulator radiation and takes into account the effects of electron beam emittance and energy spread. It has been found that the effects of energy spread on the angular divergence and source size can be expressed by simple analytic expressions, and a universal brilliance function has been derived by convolution with the electron beam distribution functions. Comparisons with numerical results have been carried out to show the validity and applicability of the universal function.     

Dynamic aspects of phase decomposition in reactive blends of polycarbonate and syndiotactic polymethyl methacrylate

Dynamics of phase separation in bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PC)/syndiotactic polymethyl methacrylate (sPMMA) blends has been investigated by means of time-resolved light scattering. Solvent-cast films of the PC/sPMMA blends were transparent, suggestive of miscible character. Several temperature jumps were carried out at a 50/50 PC/sPMMA composition from a homogeneous state (room temperature) into a two-phase regime. The process of phase separation first occurred for some considerable period, then it was followed by phase dissolution driven by chemical reaction. The thermodegradative reaction of sPMMA triggered the dissolution process by probably forming PC/sPMMA graft or random copolymers at the interface, which eventually resulted in a single phase. However, annealing at elevated temperatures for an extended period could lead to cross-linking, and thus a two-phase structure could be fixed permanently. The early stage of spinodal decomposition was interpreted in terms of the linearized Cahn-Hilliard theory. In the late stages of spinodal decomposition, the relationship between scattering peak wavenumber and time was found to obey a power law, but the exponents showed a strong dependence on temperature jumps. The temporal universal scaling failed due to the influence of the chemical reaction. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Wreath Products and Universal Equivalence

We consider the question of preservation of universal equivalence for the cartesian and direct wreath products of lattice-ordered groups and groups. We prove that the basic rank is infinite of the quasivariety of torsion-free nilpotent groups of nilpotence length c (c2)     

多层前向正则模糊神经网络的逼近能力

Abstract. Four-layer feedforward regular fuzzy neural networks are constructed. Universal ap-proximations to some continuous fuzzy functions defined on (R)“ by the four-layer fuzzyneural networks are shown. At first,multivariate Bernstein polynomials associated with fuzzyvalued functions are empolyed to approximate continuous fuzzy valued functions defined on eachcompact set of R“. Secondly,by introducing cut-preserving fuzzy mapping,the equivalent condi-tions for continuous fuzzy functions that can be arbitrarily closely approximated by regular fuzzyneural networks are shown. Finally a few of sufficient and necessary conditions for characteriz-ing approximation capabilities of regular fuzzy neural networks are obtained. And some concretefuzzy functions demonstrate our conclusions.     

SOME DYNAMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE UNIVERSAL UNFOLDING OF PITCHFORK

From the point of view of dynamics,the phenomenon of mode jumpingin the imperfect pitchfork problem is discussed.The dynamical mechanism of modeljumping of structures,such as plate and shell,that is brought about by the extremurninstability,is explained.Finally,we give numerical simulation to show the validity ofour results.