大小叶片贯流风机内流特性分析与实验研究

为降低空调用贯流风机的噪声,改善音质,通过采用直叶片贯流风轮达到斜扭叶片贯流风轮的音质和低噪声特性,从而降低贯流风轮的制造成本,本文设计了大小叶片交错组合的新型非等距贯流风机,并采用滑动网格对其内流特性进行了非定常数值模拟,同时对其气动噪声特性进行了实验研究.大小叶片贯流风机的偏心涡基本稳定在叶轮中心与蜗舌相连的切线上,位于叶轮内圆周附近.风轮非定常运转时,偏心涡的涡核位置在直径为2mm的圆所围成的区域内变化.大小叶片交错组合的贯流风轮改变了叶轮与蜗舌的间距,有效地降低叶片通过频率噪声并改善了音质.采用大小叶片交错组合的贯流风轮能够达到斜扭叶片贯流风机的降噪效果.     

Wave propagation in a non-ideal dusty gas

In this paper we have studied the behavior of wave motion as propagating wavelets and their culmination into shock waves in a non-ideal gas with dust particles. In the absence of non-ideal effect the gas satisfies an equation of state of Mie–Gruneisen type. An expansion wave resulting from the action of receding piston is considered and the solutions to this problem showing effects of dust particles and non-idealness are obtained. The propagation of weak waves is considered and the flow variables in the region bounded by the piston and the characteristic wave front are found out. The expansive action of a receding piston undergoing an abrupt change in velocity is discussed. Cases of central expansion fan and shock fronts are studied and the solutions up to first order in the physical plane are obtained. The effects of non-idealness and dust particles are discussed in each case.     

Design, testing and two-dimensional flow modeling of a multiple-disk fan

A multiple-disk Tesla type fan has been designed, tested and analyzed two-dimensionally using the conservation of angular momentum principle. Experimental results showed that such multiple-disk fans exhibited exceptionally low performance characteristics, which could be attributed to the low viscosity, tangential nature of the flow, and large mechanical energy losses at both suction and discharge sections that are comparable to the total input power. By means of theoretical analysis, local and overall shearing stresses on the disk surfaces have been determined based on tangential and radial velocity distributions of the air flow of different volume flow rates at prescribed disk spaces and rotational speeds. Then the total power transmitted by rotating disks to air flow, and the power acquired by the air flow in the gap due to transfer of angular momentum have been obtained by numerically integrating shearing stresses over the disk surfaces. Using the measured shaft and hydraulic powers, these quantities were utilized to evaluate mechanical energy losses associated with the suction and discharge sections of the fan.     

大型轴流风机来流条件对内流影响的数值分析

本文对带有前后导叶以及复杂进气箱的大型轴流引风机的内流特性进行了全三维的数值计算,并且将其性能与实验数据进行了比较。研究捕捉了许多复杂的流动现象,说明部件之间的相互关联非常紧密。进气箱的复杂形状和不合理的轴套结构会增大流动的不稳定性和损失,并引起了下游流动的周向不均匀性。通过不同预选方案的对比,发现负预旋虽然加大了叶轮对气体的做功量,同时也增大了进口段全压损失且恶化了流场结构.另外,分析了前导叶位置对流动、性能的影响.为了提高数值计算的速度和精度,求解中采用了网格自适应和并行计算的技术.     

空调用贯流风机的内流模拟与性能研究

本文针对空调分体室内机采用的贯流风机的特点,对分体室内机采用四折式蒸发器时的贯流风机系统,采用FLUENT(CFD)软件,进行了2D内流模拟分析,指出了内流中易出现回流的三个位置。结果表明,采用多折式蒸发器结构具有较好的内流特性,具有良好的性能和声质量,并得到试验结果的验证,在产品中得到了应用。     

Structural properties and recognition of restricted and strongly unimodular matrices

A (0, ±1) matrix A is restricted unimodular if every matrix obtained from A by setting to zero any subset of its entries is totally unimodular. Restricted unimodular matrices are also known as matrices without odd cycles. They have been studied by Commoner and recently Yannakakis has given a polynomial algorithm to recognize when a matrix belongs to this class. A matrix A is strongly unimodular if any matrix obtained from A by setting at most one of its entries to zero is totally unimodular. Crama et al. have shown that (0,1) matrix A is strongly unimodular if and only if any basis of (A, 1) is triangular, whereI is an identity matrix of suitable dimensions. In this paper we give a very simple algorithm to test whether a matrix is restricted unimodular and we show that all strongly unimodular matrices can be obtained by composing restricted unimodular matrices with a simple operation. Partially supported by a New York University Research Challenge Fund Grant.     

Geometry of KDV (2): Three examples

LetQ be a 1-dimensional Schrödinger operator with spectrum bounded from –. Byaddition I mean a map of the formQQ=Q–2D ² lge withQe=e, to the left of specQ, and either _– ⁰ e ² or ₀ e² finite. Theadditive class ofQ is obtained by composite addition and a subsequent closure; it is a substitute for the KDV invariant manifold even if the individual KDV flows have no existence. KDV(1) = McKean [1987] suggested that the additive class ofQ is the same as itsunimodular spectral class defined in terms of the 2×2 spectral weightdF by fixing (a) the measure class ofdF, and (b) the value of detdF. The present paper verifies this for (1) the scattering case, (2) Hill's case, and (3) when the additive class is finite-dimensional (Neumann case).This paper is dedicated to the memory of Mark Kac by a grateful student. Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York, New York.     

Numerical and experimental investigations of the unsteady aerodynamics and aero-acoustics characteristics of a backward curved blade centrifugal fan

A numerical study of the aerodynamic and aeroacoustic behaviors of a backward curved blade centrifugal fan was conducted under two important flow conditions: BEP and 1.3 × BEP. Three-dimensional numerical simulations of the complete unsteady flow field for the whole impeller-volute configuration were used to determine the aeroacoustic sources. To locate the unsteady flow and perturbations, the near field wall pressure fluctuations at different strategic points on the volute were computed using the URANS approach. Thus the intensities and positions of the aeroacoustic sources were identified by analyzing frequency spectra. The aeroacoustic sources caused by fluctuations in the interactions of the flows leaving the impeller and volute were close to the volute tongue, and the most effective noise sources related to the flow rate were near the impeller shrouds. In addition, the unsteady flow variables provided by CFD calculations were used as inputs in the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings equation to estimate the noise tones of the fan. The aeroacoustic calculation results showed that the volute noise was much larger than the blade noise, and the noise mainly propagated from the outlet duct of the fan. Moreover, to account for the noise propagation, three calculation methods were used by applying different solid boundaries. Compared with the other methods, the FEM method, which accounted for the complex solid boundaries, produced good agreement and showed that the complex solid boundaries cannot be neglected in aeroacoustic predictions. The calculation results showed good agreement with the experimental results.     

A Lagrange multiplier rule with small convex-valued subdifferentials for nonsmooth problems of mathematical programming involving equality and nonfunctional constraints

It is shown that a Lagrange multiplier rule involving the Michel-Penot subdifferentials is valid for the problem: minimizef ₀(x) subject tof _i (x) 0,i = 1, ,m;f _i (x) = 0,i = m + 1,,n;x Q where all functionsf are Lipschitz continuous andQ is a closed convex set. The proof is based on the theory of fans.     

Halin图的点着色算法

本文解决了Halin图的点色数问题,并给出了一个可在线性时间内对Halin图进行点着色的算法。