扬州市肺癌发病风险因素的Logistic回归分析

取扬州市中医院2010年1月-2013年12月住院治疗的肺癌患者,共425例,对照组为同期来院体检或探视病人的家属,共425例,采用自行设计的问卷进行调查,并使用Logistic回归分析来进行统计,分析扬州市肺癌病人发病的风险因素。结果表明,肺部疾病对肺癌发病率的影响最大,然后依次是内向忧郁的不良情绪,吸烟因素,患有高血压疾病;经常食用新鲜蔬菜瓜果则是肺癌的保护性因素.给出建议:应培养乐观积极的心态,大力提倡健康的生活方式,多吃新鲜蔬果,适当进行一些体育锻炼,加强控烟力度,防治慢性病.     

LYVE-1 在甲状腺乳头状癌的表达和意义

目的 观察淋巴管透明质酸受体1（LYVE-1）的表达和癌周组织中淋巴管的生成情况在甲状腺恶性肿瘤的变化及转 移中的作用。方法 应用免疫组织化学和real-time PCR方法检测45 例甲状腺乳头状癌中央区、癌周边区和正常甲状腺组织中的LYVE-1及其mRNA 表达情况,并计算淋巴管密度（LVD）。结果 甲状腺乳头状癌周边区LVD 高于甲状腺乳头状癌中央区,而正常组织中很少见LYVE-1 阳性的微淋巴管;甲状腺乳头状癌周边区LVD 与淋巴结转移有密切关系（P＜0.05）。结论 LYVE-1是一种特异性较高的淋巴管内皮特异性标志物,对淋巴管生成促进甲状腺乳头状癌的淋巴结转移。     

尖海龙提取物抗癌作用的研究

制备尖海龙提取物,再将其分别作用于Hela,SK-RB-3细胞系,从细胞形态变化,细胞计数,集落形成率,细胞分裂指数变化观察体外药效,结果表明,尖海龙提取物可改变肿瘤的正常生活形态,又可显著抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖,降低集落形成率,减少分裂指数,从而证实尖海龙提取物具有抗癌活性,其在癌症的治疗与预防方面具有实用价值。     

兔VX2移植肝癌及隔离灌注模型建立方法探究

应用开腹瘤块包埋法建立了兔移植肝癌模型,探讨了改良动脉插管技术及提高隔离灌注模型建立的成功率.采用的方法是将实验兔建立移植肝癌模型10d后,按动脉插管方法随机分为3组：A组为直视下儿科静脉留置针插管;B组为显微镜下儿科静脉留置针插管;C组为直视下硬膜外麻醉导管插管.建模成功后经肝动脉灌注奥沙利铂,隔离灌注模型建立前测量肿瘤生长大小,常规病理观察肿瘤,比较插管成功率.研究结果表明：肿瘤生长良好,应用儿科静脉留置针插管成功率明显高于硬膜外麻醉导管,显微镜下插管较直视下无统计学意义,奥沙利铂浓度外周静脉显著低于流出道.由此认为采用儿科静脉留置针插管操作简单,成功率高,建立隔离灌注模型外周血药物泄漏少,阻断较完全,是一种实用的隔离灌注建立方法.     

Nonlinear mathematical model of pulsed-therapy of heterogeneous tumors

In this paper, we deal with a nonlinear impulsive differential equations modelling the chemotherapy of a heterogeneous tumor. We consider the case of several drugs with instantaneous effects. We take into account the interactions between sensitive cells and drug resistant cells. We are interested in the stability of the disease. We also study the loss of stability and the bifurcation of nontrivial solutions.     

槲寄生蛋白注射液细胞毒活性测定的MTT方法探讨

采用MTT比色法对体外培养的肿瘤细胞进行细胞毒作用实验,验证槲寄生蛋白注射液体外抗肿瘤效果．并且鉴定这种检测方法的有效性。实验结果表明槲寄生蛋白注射液有一定的体外抗肿瘤效果;MTT比色法是一种可用的体外细胞毒作用检测法,为新药品的开发提供了实验依据。     

利用血管生成模型计算实体肿瘤内的血液动力学

肿瘤血管生成(Tumor-induced Angiogenesis)是指在实体肿瘤细胞诱导下毛细血管的生长以及肿瘤中血液微循环的建立。肿瘤内血液、组织液等流体流动在肿瘤药物输运过程中扮演着重要作用,而这些流动受到肿瘤内微血管网络结构的直接影响。目前要获得精确的肿瘤内外的毛细血管拓扑结构存在一定困难,因此给肿瘤内的血液动力学研究带来困难。本文根据肿瘤内外的复杂生理特性,建立肿瘤内外血管生成的二维离散模型,在获得相对真实的毛细血管网络拓扑结构基础上对肿瘤内的血液动力学进行初步计算,数值计算的结果加深了对肿瘤的复杂生理特性的理解,同时也给肿瘤内的药物输运给予一定的提示。     

The mechanical problems in tumor and tumor microenvironment

肿瘤微环境包括肿瘤细胞、间质细胞、细胞外基质等.其在肿瘤的生长和发展过程中起着关键作用.肿瘤的微环境与正常组织的微环境有着显著的不同.肿瘤中的压应力对微环境有着多方面的影响, 例如, 可调控血管与淋巴管的功能, 造成代谢异常和间质高压, 压缩间隙基质, 增大药物输运的困难, 促进间质细胞变异并诱导肿瘤细胞转移. 因此, 肿瘤中的力学因素引起了广泛关注.本文总结了肿瘤及其微环境力学问题的研究进展, 讨论了肿瘤微环境中应力产生、药物输运、肿瘤转移等问题, 介绍了肿瘤微环境正常化的策略及其对肿瘤治疗的意义.     

Bilayer matrix composed of polycation/DNA complex and sodium alginate gel as a tumor cell catcher

A bilayer matrix consisting of TABP-SS/DNA complexes and sodium alginate gel is formed via electrostatic interaction. In vitro cell adhesion, proliferation and transfection of the bilayer matrix are investigated in HepG2, HeLa and COS7 cells. Results show that this matrix can only promote tumor cell attachment and growth. Compared with normal cells, the bilayer matrix exhibits significantly higher transfection efficacy in tumor cells. Cell co-culture competitive transfection assay shows that the cell uptake of TABP-SS/DNA complexes is significantly enhanced in tumor cells rather than normal cells under the co-culture competitive condition, which confirms that TABP-SS/DNA complexes have strong tumor cell selectivity and tumor targeting transfection ability.     

One target, different effects: a comparison of distinct therapeutic antibodies against the same targets

To date, more than 30 antibodies have been approved worldwide for therapeutic use. While the monoclonal antibody market is rapidly growing, the clinical use of therapeutic antibodies is mostly limited to treatment of cancers and immunological disorders. Moreover, antibodies against only five targets (TNF-α, HER2, CD20, EGFR, and VEGF) account for more than 80 percent of the worldwide market of therapeutic antibodies. The shortage of novel, clinically proven targets has resulted in the development of many distinct therapeutic antibodies against a small number of proven targets, based on the premise that different antibody molecules against the same target antigen have distinct biological and clinical effects from one another. For example, four antibodies against TNF-α have been approved by the FDA -- infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, and certolizumab pegol -- with many more in clinical and preclinical development. The situation is similar for HER2, CD20, EGFR, and VEGF, each having one or more approved antibodies and many more under development. This review discusses the different binding characteristics, mechanisms of action, and biological and clinical activities of multiple monoclonal antibodies against TNF-α, HER-2, CD20, and EGFR and provides insights into the development of therapeutic antibodies.