WAVE PROPAGATION IN PIEZOELECTRIC/PIEZOMAGNETIC LAYERED PERIODIC COMPOSITES

This paper is concerned with the dynamic behaviors of wave propagation in layered periodic composites consisting of piezoelectric and piezomagnetic phases. The dispersion relations of Lamb waves axe derived. Dispersion curves and displacement fields are calculated with different piezoelectric volume fractions. Numerical results for BaTiO3/CoFe2O4 composites show that the dispersion curves resemble the symmetric Lamb waves in a plate. Exchange between the longitudinal （i.e. thickness） mode and coupled mode takes place at the crossover point between dispersion curves of the first two branches. With the increase of BaTiO3 volume fraction, the crossover point appears at a lower wave number and wave velocity is higher. These findings are useful for magnetoelectric transducer applications.     

传动装置密封环摩擦磨损性能研究

为分析车辆传动装置密封环在高速高压工作环境下的磨损失效,利用自主研制的试验台研究了速度、接触压力和介质油温对密封摩擦副摩擦磨损特性的影响;利用扫描电子显微镜观察了磨损程度不同的密封环端面的表面形貌,并探讨了其磨损机理.结果表明,在设定的试验条件下,密封摩擦副的摩擦系数随着压力的增大和转速的升高先急剧减小再降幅减缓后趋于稳定,而压力对摩擦状态的影响要比转速显著.密封环端面温度与摩擦状态之间存在相互影响的特征.密封介质性质同样影响着密封环的摩擦状态.在稳定磨损阶段,密封环的磨损机理以磨粒和黏着磨损为主导,当进入到剧烈磨损期后,磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损的影响更为突出.     

A dislocation-based constitutive law for pure Zr including temperature effects

In this work, a single crystal constitutive law for multiple slip and twinning modes in single phase hcp materials is developed. For each slip mode, a dislocation population is evolved explicitly as a function of temperature and strain rate through thermally-activated recovery and debris formation and the associated hardening includes stage IV. A stress-based hardening law for twin activation accounts for temperature effects through its interaction with slip dislocations. For model validation against macroscopic measurement, this single crystal law is implemented into a visco-plastic-self-consistent (VPSC) polycrystal model which accounts for texture evolution and contains a subgrain micromechanical model for twin reorientation and morphology. Slip and twinning dislocations interact with the twin boundaries through a directional Hall–Petch mechanism. The model is adjusted to predict the plastic anisotropy of clock-rolled pure Zr for three different deformation paths and at four temperatures ranging from 76 K to 450 K (at a quasi-static rate of 10⁻³ 1/s). The model captures the transition from slip-dominated to twinning-dominated deformation as temperature decreases, and identifies microstructural mechanisms, such as twin nucleation and twin–slip interactions, where future characterization is needed.     

A plasticity model describing yield-point phenomena of steels and its application to FE simulation of temper rolling

To describe the yield-point phenomena of steels, an extended version of the first author’s model (Yoshida, F., 2000. A constitutive model of cyclic plasticity. International Journal of Plasticity 16, 359–380) is proposed on the premise that the material behavior of sharp yield point and the subsequent abrupt yield drop result from a rapid dislocation multiplication and the stress-dependence of dislocation velocity. A specific feature of this model is that it describes well a high upper yield point, the rate-dependent Lüders strain at the yield plateau and the subsequent workhardening, as well as cyclic plasticity characteristics, such as the Bauschinger effect and rate-dependent ratcheting. Using this model, an FE simulation of temper rolling process is conducted in order to clarify its role for the elimination of the yield point of steel sheets. Particularly, the effect of upper yield point on the deformation characteristics in the process is discussed.     

Solitary wave solution to Aw-Rascle viscous model of traffic flow

A traveling wave solution to the Aw-Rascle traffic flow model that includes the relaxation and diffusion terms is investigated. The model can be approximated by the well-known Kortweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. A numerical simulation is conducted by the first-order accurate Lax-Friedrichs scheme, which is known for its ability to capture the entropy solution to hyperbolic conservation laws. Periodic boundary conditions are applied to simulate a lengthy propagation, where the profile of the derived KdV solution is taken as the initial condition to observe the change of the profile. The simulation shows good agreement between the approximated KdV solution and the numerical solution.     

汗液对皮肤摩擦特性的影响研究

采用人工汗液模拟人体汗液,在连续和间歇式往复摩擦运动模式下研究汗液对正常人体皮肤、穿戴假肢皮肤以及残肢疤痕皮肤摩擦性能的影响,并模拟假肢穿戴环境研究汗液对皮肤摩擦舒适度的影响. 结果表明:在法向载荷为0.2 N和0.7 N的连续和间歇式往复摩擦运动模式下,汗液均通过改变皮肤表面的物理化学性能而对皮肤的摩擦行为产生影响;在汗液逐渐干燥的过程中,皮肤的摩擦行为从粘着向相对滑移状态转变,摩擦系数变化经历从小到大再减小、最后达到稳定的过程;在法向载荷为8.0 N、模拟假肢穿戴环境的连续式往复摩擦运动模式下,汗液环境中的正常小腿皮肤、穿戴假肢皮肤和残肢疤痕皮肤的摩擦系数均大于干燥环境.根据皮肤在摩擦过程中的疼痛感、牵扯感和灼热感等同时提出皮肤摩擦舒适度概念,与干燥的假肢穿戴环境相比,汗液均加强了不同皮肤的摩擦不舒适感.     

损伤因素对单层平面索网静力性能影响研究：有限元分析与试验验证

运用通用有限元软件ANSYS建立三维有限元模型,对横索与竖索连接节点失效、索预应力损失和锚固端失效这三种损伤因素的不同损伤工况下,单层平面索网结构的受力性能进行了非线性有限元分析,并与相应的试验结果进行了全面对比分析。结果表明：本文的有限元模型能够准确地分析计算上述三种损伤因素对单层平面索网结构受力性能的影响,包括结构...     

柱形装药自由场水中爆炸气泡的射流特性

为研究柱形装药水中爆炸气泡射流特性,采用高速摄影方法在实验水箱中对PETN药柱进行水中爆炸实验,初步获得了有关柱形装药自由场水中爆炸气泡运动的数据资料.研究结果表明:柱形装药自由场水中爆炸形成气泡的运动与球形装药的存在差别,药柱放置方式的变化也会导致水中爆炸气泡产生性质迥异的运动.当药柱水平放置时,气泡表面的运动呈非对...     

The “decaying springs” model for irreversibility in polymer melts

In this work, entanglements in a polymer melt are modeled as a system of parallel springs which form and decay spontaneously. The springs are assumed to be nonlinear, and a certain fraction of them is torn apart by a certain strain.Based on these assumptions, a model of behavior in simple shear is developed. This model is shown to predict a behavior comprising that of a Wagner fluid, and is generalized to a tensorial model of single integral type. The integrand depends on a product of a material function, modeling reversible behavior, and a material functional which takes irreversible processes into account.Irreversibility of network disentanglement, which may occur when deformation changes or reverses direction, can be modeled in this way. It is shown that the two well-known Wagner constitutive equations with and without irreversibility assumptions are special cases of the model developed. In case of a deformation which does not change directions, the new material function and the material functional are multiplied to yield Wagner's damping function.When the rate of spring formation is a function of temperature, the developed model is shown to predict thermorheologically simple behavior. A constitutive equation for non-isothermal flow of polymers is developed with this assumption.     

Approximate inertial manifolds for reaction-diffusion equations in high space dimension

The concept of approximate inertial manifolds was introduced by Foiaset al. (1987) in the case of the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. These manifolds are finite dimensional smooth manifolds such that the orbits enter a very thin neighborhood of the manifold after a transient time; this concept replaces the one of inertial manifold when either an inertial manifold does not exist or its existence is not known. Our aim in this paper is to prove that approximate inertial manifolds exist for reaction-diffusion equations in high space dimension by opposition with exact inertial manifolds whose existence has only been proved in low dimension and for which nonexistence results have been obtained in space dimensionn=4.