Synthesis of new functional derivatives of pyrazolidine from 1-acetyl-3-methyl-5-nitromethyl-2-phenylpyrazolidine

3-Nitromethylpyrazolidine reacts with derivatives of unsaturated acids and reducing agents with the formation of polyfunctional compounds of the pyrazolidine nucleus. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 9, pp. 1365–1369, September, 2006.     

Easy α- to β-migration of an enol moiety on a pyrrole ring

Functionalized pyrrolic enols, 2-(2,2-dicyano-1-hydroxyethenyl)-1-methylpyrroles, synthesized from 2-ethenylpyrroles by a nucleophilic SEt-OH exchange, upon heating (75-142 °C) are readily rearranged to their 3-isomers in near to quantitative yield. The inter or intramolecular auto-protonation of a pyrrole ring by the acidic enol hydroxyl to form a mesomeric pyrrolium cation or zwitterion is suggested to be a key step in the rearrangement.     

Borel summability of the perturbation series in a hierarchical λ(▽φ)4 model

We prove Borel summability of the perturbation series for the dielectric constant and the free energy density for the hierarchical ()⁴ lattice model. Our methods are based on nonperturbative renormalization group analysis of the model.On leave from the Department of Mathematical Methods of Physics, Warsaw University, Poland.Supported in part by the Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Bielefeld University, Germany.     

Field-theoretic approach to second-order phase transitions in two- and three-dimensional systems

We review the physical principles which are at the basis of recent field-theoretic computations of the critical exponents in two- and three-dimensional systems. We concentrate on those points that do not show up explicitly in the more standard-expansion: they must be discussed with care if one uses a perturbative approach at fixed space dimensions (the loop expansion). We present in detail simple computations of the critical exponents, while we summarize the results of longer and more accurate computations.     

Effect of conformational control of chiral oxazaborolidine by π-π stacking interaction of a pentafluorophenyl group toward asymmetric borane reduction

A pentafluorophenyl group can act as a stereo-controlling group in oxazaborolidine-catalyzed asymmetric borane reduction through intramolecular π-π stacking interaction with a phenyl group. The intramolecular π-π interaction in oxazaborolidine bearing pentafluorophenyl group is confirmed by calculations and ¹H NMR study. The interaction affects the enantioselectivity of the asymmetric reduction of acetophenone while the extent is small.     

The sulfinyl moiety as an internal nucleophile. Part 8: Efficient, stereospecific synthesis of (+)-polyoxamic acid

A straightforward and stereospecific synthesis of (+)-polyoxamic acid is disclosed. The key step of the synthesis involves the regio- and stereospecific bromohydration of an olefin via intramolecular participation by the sulfinyl group.     

Isentropic partial molal compressibilities of alcohols in propylene carbonate at 25°C

The isentropic coefficients of compressibility of the homologous series of alcohols and diols R _n CH₂OH (n=2–6), CH₃CHOHR _n (n=1–5), 1,2-propanediol, 1,3- 1,4- and 2,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, and 1,7-heptanediol dissolved in propylene carbonate have been measured at 25°C. Isentropic partial molal compressibilities and group partial molal compressibilities at infinite dilution have been evaluated. The isentropic partial molal compressibilities of these alcohols and diols have been compared with the corresponding values in water. This comparison shows that the values in propylene carbonate are higher than in water by a factor of 10 due to an increased compressibility of the solvation sheath around nonpolar groups in PC.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHTHALAZINONE POLY(ARYL ETHER SULFONE KETONE)WITH CARBONYL GROUP*

A kind of novel heat-resistant, high performance engineering thermoplastic phthalazinone poly(aryl ether sulfoneketone) (PPESK) containing a carboxyl group in its side chain was prepared by the nucleophilic displacement reaction of 4-(4-hydroxylphenyl)-1(2H)-phthalazinone with di(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone, 4,4'-difluoro-benzophenone and phenolphthalin insulfolane in the presence of K_2CO_3 to produce high molecular weight polymers which can be dissolved in some polarsolvents such as chloroform and nitrobenzene at room temperature and can be easily can into flexible, yellowish andtransparent films. PPESK is an amorphous polymer having a decomposition temperature above 400℃, which indicates that ithas high thermal stability. At the same time, the thermal properties of PPESKs with dicyandiamide (DICY) as curing agentindicated that the heat-resistance properties of the PPESKs are improved after curing. The apparent activation energy (ΔE) ofthe cross-linking reaction and the reaction order (n) of PPESK/DICY were found to be 52.2 kJ/mol and ca. 1.0, respectively.Therefore, the cross-linking reaction is approximately a first order reaction.     

The computation of the representation matrices of the generators of the unitary group

A method is presented for the efficient computation of the representation matrices of the unitary group, U(n) in the Gelfand—Tsetlin basis (corresponding to the usual spin-symmetry adapted basis for an N electron CI). The present scheme is conceptually and computationally attractive in that it is formulated directly in terms of Weyl tableaux and also that it permits simultaneous basis vector generation and matrix element evaluation. In addition the basis vectors are ordered so that subsequent restriction to the three dimensional rotation group is facilitated. An illustrative example is also presented.Taken in part from a thesis submitted to the University of London in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD.     

Rates of convergence of α-stable random motions

The rate-of-convergence problem in the central limit theorem is considered for -stable distributions on the noncommutative group of motions in ^d. The method used here is based on the theory of probability metrics.