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61.
Daria E. Lonsdale Geoffrey Johnston‐Hall Amanda Fawcett Craig A. Bell Carl N. Urbani Michael R. Whittaker Michael J. Monteiro 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(16):3620-3625
In this work, we propose that retardation in vinyl acetate polymerization rate in the presence of toluene is due to degradative chain transfer. The transfer constant to toluene (Ctrs) determined using the Mayo method is equal to 3.8 × 10?3, which is remarkably similar to the value calculated from the rate data, assuming degradative chain transfer (2.7 × 10?3). Simulations, including chain‐length‐dependent termination, were carried out to compare our degradative chain transfer model with experimental results. The conversion–time profiles showed excellent agreement between experiment and simulation. Good agreement was found for the Mn data as a function of conversion. The experimental and simulation data strongly support the postulate that degradative chain transfer is the dominant kinetic mechanism. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 3620–3625, 2007 相似文献
62.
Robert J. Rubin 《Journal of statistical physics》1991,65(5-6):1207-1216
A one-dimensional lattice random walk in the presence ofm equally spaced traps is considered. The step length distribution is a symmetric exponential. An explicit analytic expression is obtained for the probability that the random walk will be trapped at thejth trapping site. 相似文献
63.
64.
We consider queuing systems where customers are not allowed to queue, instead of that they make repeated attempts, or retrials, in order to enter service after some time. We obtain the distribution of the number of retrials produced by a tagged customer, until he finds an available server. 相似文献
65.
Many recent algorithmic approaches involve the construction of a differential equation model for computational purposes, typically
by introducing an artificial time variable. The actual computational model involves a discretization of the now time-dependent differential system, usually
employing forward Euler. The resulting dynamics of such an algorithm is then a discrete dynamics, and it is expected to be
“close enough” to the dynamics of the continuous system (which is typically easier to analyze) provided that small – hence
many – time steps, or iterations, are taken. Indeed, recent papers in inverse problems and image processing routinely report
results requiring thousands of iterations to converge. This makes one wonder if and how the computational modeling process
can be improved to better reflect the actual properties sought.
In this article we elaborate on several problem instances that illustrate the above observations. Algorithms may often lend
themselves to a dual interpretation, in terms of a simply discretized differential equation with artificial time and in terms
of a simple optimization algorithm; such a dual interpretation can be advantageous. We show how a broader computational modeling
approach may possibly lead to algorithms with improved efficiency.
AMS subject classification (2000) 65L05, 65M32, 65N21, 65N22, 65D18 相似文献
66.
67.
In this paper, nonconvex multiobjective optimization problems are studied. New characterizations of a properly efficient solution in the sense of Geoffrion's are established in terms of the stability of one scalar optimization problem and the existence of an exact penalty function of a scalar constrained program, respectively. One of the characterizations is applied to derive necessary conditions for a properly efficient control-parameter pair of a nonconvex multiobjective discrete optimal control problem with linear constraints. 相似文献
68.
CV Tomy D Pal SS Banerjee S Ramakrishnan AK Grover S Bhattacharya MJ Higgins G Balakrishnan McK Paul 《Pramana》2002,58(5-6):925-935
The weakly pinned single crystals of the hexagonal 2H-NbSe2 compound have emerged as prototypes for determining and characterizing the phase boundaries of the possible order-disorder
transformations in the vortex matter. We present here a status report based on the ac and dc magnetization measurements of
the peak effect phenomenon in three crystals of 2H-NbSe2, in which the critical current densities vary over two orders of magnitude. We sketch the generic vortex phase diagram of
a weakly pinned superconductor, which also utilizes theoretical proposals. We also establish the connection between the metastability
effects and pinning. 相似文献
69.
L. T. Ashchepkov D. V. Davydov 《Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics》2006,46(11):1910-1917
Noncooperative games of a finite number of persons with interval-valued payoff functions are considered. The concept of an equilibrium situation is introduced. A reduction of such games to deterministic noncooperative games is proposed. Properties of the reduced games are discussed. Interval antagonistic and bimatrix games are examined, and illustrative examples are considered. 相似文献
70.
Masanobu Haraguchi David F. P. Pile Toshihiro Okamoto Masuo Fukui Dmitri K. Gramotnev 《Optical Review》2006,13(4):228-230
We have numerically shown the existence of coupled wedge plasmons (CWPs) which propagates along a nano gap of a twin metal
wedge. The CWPs are formed by wedge plasmons which can interact with each other. The dispersion relations of the wavenumber,
propagation distance, and beam area of CWPs, are described and show that the characteristics of CWPs are similar to those
of wedge plasmons and of gap plasmons. We also propose a new plasmon waveguide composed of twin metal wedges with a nano gap. 相似文献