高压与加热协同处理对牛肌肉中蛋白酶活性的影响

在不同温度(20～60℃)和压力(0.1～600 MPa)下处理20 min,对牛肌肉中蛋白酶活性的影响进行了研究.结果显示:室温下,随着处理压力的增加,酶的活力显著下降,而压力达400 MPa及以上时,酶的活力则没有明显变化,同时在pH值为3和7.5时酶的活性几乎完全丧失.200 MPa以下的压力处理使肌肉中游离氨基...     

Ultrasound mediation for one-pot sonosynthesis and deposition of magnetite nanoparticles on cotton/polyester fabric as a novel magnetic,photocatalytic, sonocatalytic,antibacterial and antifungal textile

A magnetic cotton/polyester fabric with photocatalytic, sonocatalytic, antibacterial and antifungal activities was successfully prepared through in-situ sonosynthesis method under ultrasound irradiation. The process involved the oxidation of Fe²⁺ to Fe³⁺ via hydroxyl radicals generated through bubbles collapse in ultrasonic bath. The treated samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. Photocatalytic and sonocatalytic activities of magnetite treated fabrics were also evaluated toward Reactive Blue 2 decoloration under sunlight and ultrasound irradiation. Central composite design based on response surface methodology was applied to study the influence of iron precursor, pH and surfactant concentration to obtain appropriate amount for the best magnetism. Findings suggested the potential of one-pot sonochemical method to synthesize and fabricate Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles on cotton/polyester fabric possessing appropriate saturation magnetization, 95% antibacterial efficiency against Staphylococcus aureus and 99% antifungal effect against Candida albicans, 87% and 70% dye photocatalytic and sonocatalytic decoloration along with enhanced mechanical properties using only one iron rich precursor at low temperature.     

Preparation and characterization of biocompatible magnetic carbon nanotubes

Magnetic carbon nanotubes consisting of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) core and Fe₃O₄ shell were successfully prepared by in situ thermal decomposition of Fe(acac)₃ or FeCl₃ or Fe(CO)₅ in 2-pyrrolidone containing acid treated MWNTs at 240 °C with the protection of nitrogen gas. The samples were characterized by TEM, XRD, SEAD, XPS and superconducting quantum interference device. Also, their biocompatibility was compared with naked carbon nanotubes. The results showed that after coated with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, the obtained magnetic carbon nanotubes show superparamagnetic characteristic at room temperature, and their blocking temperature is about 80 K. The magnetic properties of the nanotubes are relevant to the content of magnetic particles, increasing content of magnetic nanoparticles leads to higher blocking temperature and saturation magnetization. The results of antimicrobial activities to bacterial cells (Escherichia coli) showed that the MWNTs have antimicrobial activity, while the magnetic nanotubes are biocompatible even with a higher concentration than that of MWNTs.     

面向用户行为理解的移动通讯数据可视分析

通信数据包含人类活动的时空以及社会关系等信息,对人类行为分析有重要的价值.为了帮助分析者对用户的行为进行分析和理解,构建了从通信数据中探索用户的时空、社交等信息以分析用户行为的可视化流程,旨在理解用户的行为模式并通过行为的对比发现用户的社会角色以及用户之间的真实社交关系,通过迭代式交互过程,对用户不同时段的行为进行有效的理解和分析.在此基础上,构建了用户行为可视分析系统,采用半年的通信数据对该方法以及系统进行评估,结果显示,本方法能够有效理解个人行为、识别用户之间的关系.     

Effect of thermosonication pre-treatment on mung bean (Vigna radiata) and white kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) proteins: Enzymatic hydrolysis,cholesterol lowering activity and structural characterization

Protein hydrolysates have attained great attention due to a good nutritive food ingredient and higher biological activities. In this study, thermosonication, ultrasound and heat were used as a pre-treatment to obtain (<3KDa) hydrolysate from mung bean and white kidney bean to understand the mechanism of cholesterol absorption into micelle and inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA) activity. Size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) results of mung bean showed that the concentration of peptides (0.5KDa-1KDa and 1-3KDa) in the hydrolysate were significantly (p < 0.05) increased after thermosonication while, the peptides concentration (1-3KDa) in white kidney bean was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased. Thermosonication of mung bean hydrolysate exhibited higher inhibition of cholesterol solubilization, hydrophobicity and antioxidant activities. In addition, there was no difference observed in HMG-CoA activity and hydrophobicity between ultrasound alone and ultrasound combined with heat i.e. thermosonication treated hydrolysate of white kidney bean. Changes in secondary and tertiary structures were also analyzed under different processing conditions with maximum change due to thermosonication. Results indicated that mung bean hydrolysate had a great potential for inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and its solubility in the micelle, antioxidant activity and also convinced for its application in food and nutraceutical industries.     

Ultrasound-assisted polysaccharide extraction from Cercis chinensis and properites,antioxidant activity of polysaccharide

The purpose of the study was to improve the extraction of polysaccharide from the leaves of Cercis chinensis Bunge using ultrasound, and compare the difference between boiling and ultrasound extraction in terms of polysaccharide content, monosaccharide compounds, and evaluate how the factors affected the bioactivity. The best conditions, according to the single factor experiments and the Box-Bohnken design (BBD), were an intensity of ultrasound of 180 W, duration of extraction of 40 min, proportion of water to material of 15:1 (g/g), and a higher polysaccharide yield of 20.02 ± 0.55 (mg/g) than in boiling extraction (16.09 ± 0.82 mg/g). The antioxidative experiment suggested the polysaccharide by ultrasound exhibited higher DPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging capacities, and reducing power at 1.2–1.4 mg/mL, which was superior to the boiling polysaccharide. Further analysis showed that the ultrasonic purified polysaccharides like Gla, N-Glu, and GluA contained more total sugar and uronic acids than the boiling method did. This may indicate that the ultrasonic isolation of the polysaccharides increase the antioxidant activity of the polysaccharides.     

饲料中添加不同核苷酸对大黄鱼生长、血液指标及血清酶活性的影响

实验以对照组饲料和分别添加0.1%的5’-尿苷一磷酸二钠(UMP)、5’-腺苷一磷酸二钠(AMP)、5’-胞苷一磷酸二钠(CMP)、5’-鸟苷一磷酸二钠(GMP)、5’-肌苷一磷酸二钠(IMP)和以上5种核苷酸(1:1:1:1:1)混合物(Mix)的实验饲料(粗蛋白:45.0%;粗脂肪:10.0%)喂养大黄鱼(平均初始质量为(5.57±0.01)g)64d,研究饲料中不同核苷酸的添加对大黄鱼生长性能、血液常规指标和血清酶活性的影响.实验结果表明,不同核苷酸的添加对大黄鱼的生长性能、饲料效率、体成分及血液常规指标基本无显著性影响(P0.05).但肌苷酸组和核苷酸混合物组血清中葡萄糖含量要显著高于其他各组(P0.05),鸟苷酸组胆固醇和甘油三酯含量要显著高于其他各组(P0.05).血清酶活性数据表明,腺苷酸和鸟苷酸组的谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性要显著高于其他各组(P0.05).腺苷酸、鸟苷酸、肌苷酸和核苷酸混合物组的溶菌酶活性显著高于其他各组(P0.05),而超氧化物歧化酶活性在各处理组间无显著性差异(P0.05).总体而言,饲料中不同核苷酸的添加对大黄鱼生长和血液常规基本无显著性影响,而肌苷酸和核苷酸混合物的添加能够提高血清中葡萄糖含量,促进饲料中糖源的吸收;腺苷酸、鸟苷酸、肌苷酸和核苷酸混合物对大黄鱼的非特异性免疫能力的改善有一定作用.     

One-Pot Synthesis and Fungicidal Activities of Derivatives of Imidazo [2,1-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5(6H)-one

The isothiocyanates 2, obtained from aza-Wittig reactions of vinyliminophosphoranes 1 with CS ₂ , reacted with hydrazine to give 3-amino-2-thioxo-4-imidazolidinones 4. One-pot reactions of 4, aromatic isocyanates, Ph ₃ P, C ₂ Cl ₆ , and Et ₃ N generated imidazo[2,1-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5(6H)-ones 7. Compound 7 exhibited good fungicidal activities, especially against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum de Bary and Botrytis Cinerea Pers.     

Studies on the Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activities of 13‐cis‐Retinoyl Sugar Derivatives

New retinoyl sugar derivatives of 13‐cis‐retinoic acid were synthesized in three ways in this paper in order to enhance pharmacal effects, especially antiproliferative activities of 13‐cis‐retinoic acid. Their structures were confirmed by IR, ¹H‐NMR, ¹³C‐NMR, and MS spectra and their antiproliferative activities were determined in vitro using human cancer lines. Results showed that some compounds possessed potential antitumor activities.     

New cadinane sesquiterpenoids from Mikania micrantha

Abstract

Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Mikania micrantha led to the isolation of eight sesquiterpenoids and ten diterpenoids, including five cadinane sesquiterpenoids (1?5), three bisabolene sesquiterpenoids (6???8), nine ent-kaurane diterpenoids (9–17), and an abietane diterpenoid (18). Among them, 1???3 are new and feature a rare lactone or furan ring derived from C-6 isopropyl group side chain. Compound 18 was isolated from genus Mikania for the first time, and was also the first example of abietane-type diterpenoids from this plant. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses (1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD). All compounds were examined for their inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and compound 18 exhibited pronounced inhibition on NO production (IC₅₀ = 11.04?µM), being comparable to the positive control, quercetin (IC₅₀ = 11.15?µM).