角膜内皮细胞载体膜片的性质研究及移植试验

利用溶剂浇铸/颗粒沥滤技术制备出壳聚糖和硫酸软骨素共混膜, 研究了共混膜的透光性、 表面结构、 红外图谱、 X-射线衍射图谱以及生物相容性和生物降解性. 结果表明, 共混膜透明度高, 结构均匀, 孔隙大小合适, 壳聚糖分子与硫酸软骨素达到分子水平分散, 且分子间存在较强的相互作用, 共混膜具有良好的生物相容性和生物降解性. 以共混膜为载体培养兔角膜内皮细胞, 结果表明, 共混膜非常适合角膜细胞贴附生长, 10 d内长成良好单层细胞. 将载有角膜内皮细胞的膜片植入内皮缺损兔眼中, 在56 d内术眼基本保持透明, 之后角膜水肿, 逐渐模糊并出现新生血管, 在230 d时术眼新生血管基本消失, 角膜恢复透明.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测食品中的草甘膦及其主要代谢物氨甲基膦酸残留

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定植物产品(大豆、大米、小麦、蔬菜、水果、茶叶等)、动物肉类产品、水产品、板栗、蜂蜜等产品中草甘膦(PMG)及其主要代谢物氨甲基膦酸(AMPA)残留量的方法。样品经水提取后用二氯甲烷除去其中的脂肪,再经阳离子交换柱(CAX)净化,用 9-芴基甲基氯仿(FMOC-Cl)衍生化,采用多反应监测技术所确定的定性离子对其进行定性,同位素内标法定量。方法的定量检测低限为0.05 mg/kg,线性范围为0.20～10 μg/L,各种基质下PMG和AMPA的平均加标回收率为80.0%～104%,相对标准偏差为6.7%～18.2%。     

A simple,corrosion-resistant flow cell for laser-induced photoacoustic spectroscopic detection of high-performance liquid chromatography effluents

Summary A simple, corrosion-resistant and non-destructive flow cell optimized for laser induced photoacoustic spectroscopic detection of HPLC effluents is described. The characteristics and analytical figures of merit of the flow cell are presented. Application of the flow cell to the detection of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in HPLC effluent is demonstrated. Limits of detection were on the order of tenths of parts per million. Comparisons with the conventional UV absorbance detector and among various laser powers are discussed.     

S_2OF_(10)气体标准样品制备方法和测定方法研究

提出了一系列的安全、方便、可靠、在线和可连续操作的热解吸／色谱分析柱制备Ｓ２ＯＦ１０纯品、指数稀释法配制Ｓ２ＯＦ１０标准样品、应用定量校正系数测定样品中痕量Ｓ２ＯＦ１０的方法和技术。分别采用气相色谱、红外光谱、气相色谱／质谱等方法对色谱制备的Ｓ２ＯＦ１０纯品进行了纯度分析和测定。配制Ｓ２ＯＦ１０标准气体的体积分数范围为８．０×１０－７～２．６×１０－４。气相色谱测定Ｓ２ＯＦ１０的定量校正系数为０．１９７,测定方法的相对误差范围为１．８％～２０％。     

二氧化钛光催化杀灭肿瘤细胞的研究

应用二氧化钛光催化的方法在体外对宫颈癌细胞进行了杀灭试验,结果显示,二氧化钛在光照下对宫颈癌细胞有明显的杀灭作用。当二氧化钛浓度为２００μｇ／ｍｌ,紫外光照时间为５０ｍｉｎ时,其杀灭肿瘤细胞的效果最好。     

细胞表面壳化的研究进展

细胞表面壳化主要是通过物理、化学等技术方法对细胞表面进行修饰,形成完整均匀的有机、无机、金属纳米粒子或者复合壳层结构,从而使不能自身壳化的生物细胞表面形成保护壳甚至赋予细胞新的功能,使细胞具备多功能性。近年来,此技术在细胞存储、细胞运输、细胞传感器、细胞芯片以及细胞治疗等方面应用广泛,发展迅速。本文综合目前的研究现状,详细介绍了可进行细胞表面壳化的细胞类型、生物表面壳化的方法以及人造细胞外壳的工程技术在生物医学以及能源环境中的应用等。     

基于“真实情境与实际问题”的化学试题命制——以“碳九泄漏事故”为例

以“11·4福建泉港碳九泄漏事故”为测试载体,在深入挖掘和甄选考点后,结合当前《普通高中化学课程标准（2017年版）》对考试评价的有关说明和试题命制基本理论及技术要求,命制了一道高中化学考试试题,并在文中对试题的测试目标,如认知操作、核心素养和达到的学业质量水平加以详细分析,对试题命制的技术性要求辅以论证,以期能给同行以核心素养为测试宗旨的命题提供一些参考。     

Current status of automotive fuel cells for sustainable transport

Automotive proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have finally reached a state of technological readiness where several major automotive companies are commercially leasing and selling fuel cell electric vehicles, including Toyota, Honda, and Hyundai. These now claim vehicle speed and acceleration, refueling time, driving range, and durability that rival conventional internal combustion engines and in most cases outperform battery electric vehicles. The residual challenges and areas of improvement which remain for PEMFCs are performance at high current density, durability, and cost. These are expected to be resolved over the coming decade while hydrogen infrastructure needs to become widely available. Here, we briefly discuss the status of automotive PEMFCs, misconceptions about the barriers that platinum usage creates, and the remaining hurdles for the technology to become broadly accepted and implemented.     

Gypensapogenin H from hydrolyzate of total Gynostemma pentaphyllum saponins induces apoptosis in human breast carcinoma cells

Abstract

Gypensapogenin H (Gyp H) is a novel dammarane-type triterpene, isolated from hydrolyzate of total saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Our previous work demonstrated that Gyp H exhibited potent growth inhibitory effects on tumor cells. It significantly inhibited the growth of human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231), while having low toxicity to normal human breast epithelial cells, MCF-10a. Further mechanistic study demonstrated that Gyp H decreased survival, inhibited proliferation, migration, induced apoptosis and led to cell cycle arrest. For the MDA-MB-231 cell lines, Gyp H increased expression of P21, Bax and cytochrome c, induced PARP cleavage and activated caspases. Gyp H also reduced expression of CDK2/4, CyclinD1, E2F1 and Bcl2, which associated with the cell cycle arrest. Thus, our finding may be useful for understanding the mechanism of action of Gyp H on breast cancer cells and suggest that Gyp H would be a leading agent for the treatment of breast cancer.     

物理化学在线课程教学设计与实践——以热力学第二定律与卡诺热机为例*

提出在线课程应立足于对线下课堂教学内容的疏导、梳理、凝练和升华,并以“热力学第二定律与卡诺热机”在线课程为例进行介绍。采用问题链形式引导学生从卡诺热机推导热力学第二定律数学表达式,阐明了卡诺热机在热力学第二定律形成过程中的重要作用和地位,强调了卡诺对于热力学的重要贡献,培养了学生探究精神和学科素养。为在线课程提供了教学案例和设计思路。