基于光谱技术的杨梅汁品种快速鉴别方法的研究

为了实现杨梅汁品种的快速无损鉴别,提出了一种用可见和近红外光谱技术快速鉴别杨梅汁品种的新方法。首先采用偏最小二乘法进行模式特征分析,经过交互验证法判别,确定最佳主成分数为9。完成特征提取后,将这9个主成分作为神经网络的输入变量,建立了三层BP神经网络,实现类别预测的同时也完成了数学建模与优化分析工作。3个品种的杨梅汁样本数均为20,共计60个样本。在神经网络学习中,将其分成训练集样本51个和预测集样本9个。对9个未知样本进行预测,准确率为100％。说明本文提出的基于光谱技术和模式识别的方法具有很好的分类和鉴别能力。     

噪声模态单元预判的经验模态分解脉冲星信号消噪

为了改善脉冲星辐射脉冲信号的消噪效果, 提出了一种基于噪声模态单元预判的经验模态分解(EMD) 消噪声方法. 该方法首先利用EMD将含噪辐射脉冲信号分解为一组内蕴模态函数(IMF), 根据IMF系数的统计特性采用局部均方误差准则进行噪声模态单元预判, 并将噪声模态单元置零; 然后对噪声模态单元预判处理后的IMF以模态单元为基本单位进行最优比例萎缩消噪, 从而达到抑制噪声、保留信号的目的. 实验结果表明: 与Sure Shrink小波阈值法、Bayes Shrink小波阈值法和EMD模态单元比例萎缩法相比, 基于噪声模态单元预判的EMD消噪方法可以更有效地去除脉冲辐射信号中的噪声, 同时更好地保留信号突变处的细节信息特征, 在信噪比、 均方误差、峰值相对误差、峰位误差和相位误差等方面都有一定程度的改善. 关键词： 脉冲星信号消噪 经验模态分解 噪声模态单元预判 局部均方误差     

An improved least square channel estimation algorithm for coherent optical OFDM system

This paper presents an improved processing added to conventional least square (LS) channel estimation to modify its performance for coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) system. By testing selected limitation factors of the existing algorithms, the influence of our improved algorithm to the performance of CO-OFDM system were studied and compared with other published algorithms. The simulation results of the study demonstrated that the proposed approaches achieved better channel estimation performance and are considered as a more appropriate alternative for CO-OFDM system with the tradeoff between complexity and performance.     

弹光调制傅里叶变换光谱相位校正及DSP实现

弹光调制傅里叶变换光谱仪(PEM-FTS)具有调制速度快、信息量大的特点,但采样位置偏差会导致干涉图存在相位误差,影响复原光谱的准确性。因此,必需采用一种运算速度高的相位校正方案。以300 K黑体为辐射源,通过弹光调制干涉具产生干涉数据,并在TMS320C6713DSP芯片上,采用Mertz法对弹光调制干涉图进行相位校正。首先提取出一幅完整周期的双边干涉图,经过切趾处理后,以零光程差点为中心计算小双边干涉图的相位误差,再通过插值补零得到整幅干涉图的相位误差,求出整体干涉图的频谱并进行相位修正。采用二范数定义校正后反演光谱的精度,以计算定时器周期寄存器值的方法设置DSP定时器,以统计代码的运行时间,并通过观察链接命令文件.cmd中程序与数据的分配存储情况,来对比分析Mertz法与模平方法的校正结果。实验结果表明,在DSP上实现相位校正时,Mertz法相位校正方案具有运算速度快、占用存储空间少、误差较小等特点,并且Mertz相位校正法的运算时间较模平方法快20倍,适用于对PEM-FTS干涉图进行高速准确的相位校正。     

基于蒙特卡罗法的平面度测量不确定度评定

形位误差的测量不确定度评定是目前测量领域研究的热点;但由于其测量的复杂性和测量结果评定的多样性,导致在实际测量结果中形位误差测量的不确定度评定成了难题;为此,根据形状误差评定准则,选取最小二乘法建立数学模型,确定形状误差数学模型中各参数值的传递系数和单点不确定度,并分析具体的测量方法和测量过程中的不确定度来源,根据传统的GUM法对其进行不确定度评定;然后采用蒙特卡罗伪随机数的方法来模拟实际测量数据,从而得到平面度误差的不确定度;通过设置实验对比,验证了蒙特卡罗法评定平面度不确定度的可靠性和准确性;该方法不需要求出数学模型中的传递系数,利用MATLAB软件很容易实现,为平面度误差测量结果不确定度评定提供了更加简便的方法,值得推广和应用。     

Solution Transformations and Their Effects on the Systems with Open Boundary Conditions

The solution transformations and properties of the R-matrices for two-component systems under these transformations are analyzed in details.Not all transformed R-matrices can be put into the Skalyanin‘s formalism.For those R-matrices with all required properties,the effects of solution transformations to the six-and eight-vertex systems with open boundary conditions are discussed.these effects can be one of the following types:the Hamiltonian is invariant or transposition-invariant or made in a similarity transformation,or its coupling coefficients are multiplied by an overall factor,or the spin of the system is rotated around the z axis or/and reflected with respect to some plane.In these cases,the transformed systems remain to be integrable.     

原子核电荷半径的新公式

结合原子核的电荷半径的实验数据,详细分析了描述原子核电荷半径的经验公式,表明电荷半径的Z^1/3律优于A^1/3律.更细致的考察发现,对于远离β稳定线的核素,电荷半径具有近似线性的同位旋相关性.由此得到的同位旋相关的Z^1/3公式更适合描述原子核的电荷半径.     

大口径光学元件中频波前的检测

大口径光学元件中频波前的准确评价已成为高功率激光系统中关注的焦点,元件中频波前均方根值是重要评价指标之一。根据波前中频检测频段及波前检测设备频响特性,将波前的中频区域分为两个检测频段,分别采用干涉仪和光学轮廓仪实现了中频波前均方根值的检测。采用大口径干涉仪可实现全口径波前中频区域低频段波前的检测,通过比对大口径干涉仪和采用小口径干涉仪结合分块融合平均方法的检测结果,提出采用分块融合平均方法也可检测相应频段全口径波前均方根。采用光学轮廓仪通过离散采样的方法检测大口径元件中频区域高频段波前均方根,针对不同离散采样方式的实验结果表明：33的采样方式能满足对410 mm410 mm口径元件中频区域高频段波前均方根的检测。     

Integrability and ergodicity of classical billiards in a magnetic field

We consider classical billiards in plane, connected, but not necessarily bounded domains. The charged billiard ball is immersed in a homogeneous, stationary magnetic field perpendicular to the plane. The part of dynamics which is not trivially integrable can be described by a bouncing map. We compute a general expression for the Jacobian matrix of this map, which allows us to determine stability and bifurcation values of specific periodic orbits. In some cases, the bouncing map is a twist map and admits a generating function. We give a general form for this function which is useful to do perturbative calculations and to classify periodic orbits. We prove that billiards in convex domains with sufficiently smooth boundaries possess invariant tori corresponding to skipping trajectories. Moreover, in strong field we construct adiabatic invariants over exponentially large times. To some extent, these results remain true for a class of nonconvex billiards. On the other hand, we present evidence that the billiard in a square is ergodic for some large enough values of the magnetic field. A numerical study reveals that the scattering on two circles is essentially chaotic.     

超对称系统的边界条件与可积性

通过研究反射方程的解,构造了一类具有不同边界条件的超对称系统,同时证明了在一维情况下,这类系统是完全可积的.