Growth of spinel crystals in vanadium slag and their characterization

Morphology of vanadium slags were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mineralogical phases were characterized by energy disperse X‐ray spectrometry (EDS) and powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The obtained results show that spinels and silicates are the major phases in the vanadium slag, and V is concentrated in Fe_xV_3‐xO₄ and Mg_x(V, Ti)_3‐xO₄. Both the spinel grain size and volume fraction in the slag with higher V₂O₃ content are much larger than that with lower V₂O₃ content. (Fe, Mn)₂SiO₄ and (Fe, Mn)SiO₃ have a higher proportion in the slag with lower V₂O₃ and higher SiO₂ content. The relation among cooling conditions and grain size and volume fraction of spinels is also discussed. It is found that low cooling rate and long holding time benefit spinel crystal growth, especially for the interval of 1200‐1250 °C. Both mean diameter and volume fraction of spinels could achieve or exceed the industry vanadium slag when holding more than 45 min. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Synthesis of Porous Material from Coal Gasification Fine Slag Residual Carbon and Its Application in Removal of Methylene Blue

A large amount of coal gasification slag is produced every year in China. However, most of the current disposal is into landfills, which causes serious harm to the environment. In this research, coal gasification fine slag residual carbon porous material (GFSA) was prepared using gasification fine slag foam flotation obtained carbon residue (GFSF) as raw material and an adsorbent to carry out an adsorption test on waste liquid containing methylene blue (MB). The effects of activation parameters (GFSF/KOH ratio mass ratio, activation temperature, and activation time) on the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of GFSA were investigated. The total specific surface area and pore volume of GSFA with the highest CEC were 574.02 m²/g and 0.467 cm³/g, respectively. The degree of pore formation had an important effect on CEC. The maximum adsorption capacity of GFSA on MB was 19.18 mg/g in the MB adsorption test. The effects of pH, adsorption time, amount of adsorbent, and initial MB concentration on adsorption efficiency were studied. Langmuir isotherm and quasi second-order kinetic model have a good fitting effect on the adsorption isotherm and kinetic model of MB.     

X射线荧光光谱法同时测定富锰渣中主次组分

应用X射线荧光光谱法测定富锰渣中Mn,Fe,SiO2,Al2O3,TiO2,CaO,MgO,Na2O,K2O,S,P,CuO,ZnO,NiO,BaO15种主次组分。使用混合熔剂在1050℃熔融制备样片,消除了试样的粒度效应和矿物效应,同时也解决了S元素在制样过程中容易挥发的难题。确定仪器测量的最佳参数,研究了熔样的条件、校正模式。各元素的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)≤10%,测定结果与化学法测定值相符。方法快速、准确、方便快捷,具有良好的精密度和准确性,可用于富锰渣产品的品质评价和成分分析。     

几种不同进口“铅矿”的表征及属性分析研究

通过5种申报为“铅矿”的进口含铅物料的分析,发现铅矿伪报的现象时有发生,这些物料从外观上、铅含量上很难确认其真实属性,实验通过分析样品的理化特征,比对研究和文献查找的方法,分析进口含铅物料来源,进而获得属性判定的方法。其方法主要包括以下5个步骤:(1 )观察样品的外观性状,包括形状、粒度、颜色、手感、气味、磁性等特征;(2)测试样品的理化性质,包括元素组成、物相组成、微观形貌以及酸碱性等其他可能必要的信息;(3)对比研究所属申报品名的样品特征,即对铅矿样品进行比对研究;(4) 比对查证文献资料等,根据获得的样品的相关检测数据和铅矿信息,查阅相关的文献资料,对样品可能产生的来源进行查证分析; (5)确立样品的来源,从而确认样品的属性。     

Researches on the Structure and Properties of Mullite Solid Solution Made from Industrial Waste

1 INTRODUCTION The mullite has excellent properties of high tem- perature thermodynamics and mechanics, such as corrosion resistance, creep resistance, thermal shock resistance and high hot strength at high temperature. So it can be used as the inner lining of industrial furnace, thermal insulator material, crucible, protec- ting tube and electronic packaging material, which are widely used in such industries as metallurgy, ceramics, cement, and fireproof materials[1]. So far there has no …     

颗粒附壁燃烧机理及模拟方法探讨

在燃用固体燃料,如生物质、煤、固体废弃物时,都存在一定程度的附壁燃烧现象,以燃煤液排渣燃烧器为例,探讨了颗粒在熔融面上的沉积、流动以及燃烧机理。并针对现有煤粉燃烧程序在液排渣燃烧器模拟上的局限,开发了一种考虑液渣流动的附壁燃烧模型,给出了总体的计算框架．通过对不同壁面处理方式下计算结果的比较,分析了不同手法的优劣和特点,为液排渣燃烧器的正确模拟提供一种完整的思路,对生物质或固体废弃物燃烧模拟起到一定的参考作用。     

高炉渣熔融液滴撞击壁面行为特性实验研究

针对高温熔渣粒化技术的开发,本文通过可视化实验研究了高炉渣熔融液滴撞击不锈钢壁面的动态行为特性。结果表明:随液滴雷诺数增大,撞击过程液滴形态演变模式依次由铺展-回缩转变为铺展-回缩破碎和铺展-破碎-凝固;增大壁面粗糙度可减弱与壁面换热,抑制液滴铺展;减小壁面粗糙度促进液滴发生破碎;液膜回缩过程普遍出现回卷现象,壁面倾角越大,液膜回卷和液滴滚动现象越显著,且液滴铺展面积越大,在壁面停留时间越长;减小液滴雷诺数、减小壁面粗糙度并采用垂直粒化仓壁面有利于壁面防黏结。     

Elemental composition and microstructure of Early Bronze Age and medieval tin slags

The elemental composition and the internal structure of two slag samples have been analyzed and compared using scanning electron microscopy-wavelength dispersive spectrometry and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The first sample studied is a vitreous accretion found on a ceramic crucible sherd, which originates from an Early Bronze Age site in the Kestel/Göltepe area of Anatolia. The intention for examining this glassy-looking material was to verify whether it corresponds in composition to a tin slag. The results of these measurements form part of a research project involving the search for ancient tin production in Turkey and have a direct relevance on the study of tin sources in the near East. Kestel/Göltepe is presumably the first local tin source found in the Anatolian area and in view of this, the vitreous accretion is compared with a medieval tin slag from a more distant source: the Crift Farm in Cornwall, UK. Results of the present study show that both samples are composed of silicates, each with different admixtures of oxides and metals and confirm that the Anatolian crucible accretion corresponds in composition to a typical metallic tin slag.     

液排渣粉煤旋风燃烧器内流场的数值模拟

本文采用数值计算的方法对液排渣粉煤旋风燃烧器内的流场进行了模拟。在研究中运用分散颗粒群模型建立了燃烧器内三维等温流场的数学模型。流场的计算采用了ＳＩＭＰＬＥ及其系列方法，其中湍流计算采用ｋ－ε模型。模型计算结果与实验结果基本吻合，证明了模型的可靠性。     

Thermal transformations of titanium slag of high titania content

Titanium raw materials play important role as a source of titanium and titanium dioxide. The investigation of the rate of oxidation and phase transformation of titanium slag in static air atmosphere by use of thermogravimetry (TG) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) were presented. The investigation were carried out for three different particle size fractions to determine influence of this parameter on rate of reaction. To estimate kinetic parameters was used the kinetic model of contracting volume. The value of kinetic parameters show that influence of heating rate and particle size on rate of reaction is not so large. The thermogravimetric investigations of the oxidation of titanium slag in air atmosphere shown that reaction proceeds in two stages. The XRD investigation shown that titanium slag has the pseudobrookite structure and its diffraction pattern is very close to the diffractogram of magnesium titanate MgTi₂O₅ and iron magnesium titanium oxide (Fe-Mg-Ti-O). At elevated temperature the structure of slag transforms to the ferric pseudobrookite structure and excess titanium dioxide forms the rutile phase. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.