奶制饮品特性的因子分析

<正> 一、引言 随着人们生活水平的不断提高,奶制饮品已经进入千家万户,并且以其营养化、花色化趋向获得消费者青睐。各生产企业及经销单位也把奶制饮品的产品特性研究列入营销决策计划,产品特性研究可以从产品的理化指标人手,但作为参与竞争的商品,要在市场上征服消费者的心,另一个或许是更为重要的方面便是研究产品特性的“消费     

Structure-Activity Relationships in the Control of Chemical Risks

Abstract

Cluster significance analysis is a tool that allows the identification of ‘embedded clusters’ in QSAR datasets. It is successfully applied to an eye irritation data set to show that these data are indeed asymmetric. The method identifies five parameters that form an embedded cluster of eye irritants amongst non irritants, although full separation is not achieved. This method has considerable potential to identify potential non-linearity in toxicology data sets and for parameter reduction. It is shown also that this can be obtained relatively quickly with an analysis performed on 100,000 subsets containing the same information as an analysis on 1,000,000 subsets.     

现代植物生命科学研究中的物理模型及其意义

介绍了现代植物生命学研究中的本质部刚性导管模型，细胞壁圆筒模型，细胞膜双层电模型，植物热机模型以及气孔蒸腾速率振荡的ＲＬＣ电路模型等物理学模型，指出了这些模型的意义。     

Equivalence of the Pecka-Ponec Correlation Probability and the Statistical F Significance for MLR Models

In an article of this journal Pecka and Ponec [J. Math. Chem. 27 (2000) 13] have proposed, by means of a probability calculation, a method to evaluate the statistical importance of correlations obtained from multilinear regression equations involving an arbitrary number of experimental points and parameters. Here, it is demonstrated how this probability exactly coincides with a more general concept: the confidence probability of an F distribution having the appropriate degrees of freedom.     

试论陶行知先生的生活教育及现实意义

本从陶行知先生的“生活教育”、“社会即学校”和“教学做合一”等方面的教育理论入手进一步挖掘其教育理论精华，以其指导现实教育改革工作。     

煤层节理及其工程地质意义

煤层节理在煤层中普遍发育, 它不仅是矿井构造研究的重要内容, 同时也是极其重要的工程地质因素。煤层节理影响煤层的结构构造和物性特征, 从而影响煤层采落特征、顶板工程性质、瓦斯运移规律和煤层气储运采工程地质条件。研究掌握煤层节理几何和力学特征, 可指导井巷工程布置、采掘工艺的选择、安全措施的采用和煤层气开发方案的制定。     

Solutions of alkali soaps and water in fatty acids VIII. Correlations of X-ray data with other experimental observations

In the system sodium octanoate-octanoic acid-water an obvious parallel exists between the low-angle X-ray observations in the isotropic liquidL ₂-phase and its composition, properties and structure. This parallel does not exist only with respect to the total content of acid sodium octanoates (with stoichiometric compositions 1NaC₈2HC₈x H₂O, and 1NaC₈3 HC₈x H₂O, where NaC₈=sodium octanoate and HC₈=octanoic acid) but also with respect to their amphiphilic composition and their water content (the value of x).In the region of 55–70% water, where the structure of the phase closely resembles, in many respects, that of the adjacent liquid crystalline lamellar D-phase, the dependence of of the quasi-Bragg values on concentration parallels that of the Bragg value in the mesophase, in spite of the disorder of aggregates in the isotropic phase. Furthermore, the numerical values of the quasi-Bragg spacings at given concentrations of the acid sodium octanoates are almost of the same sizes as those of the real Bragg spacings in the D-phase. In this region, the quasi-Bragg values give information of the same type about structure as do the real Bragg values in the D-phase; that is, information about the interplanar distances of adjacent double layers of acid soap, separated by intermediate layers of water.At low water contents (up to about 40%) where a direct comparison with a liquid crystalline phase is not possible, the quasi-Bragg values obviously increase in parallel with the molecular volume of the hydrated acid sodium actanoates and thus reflect one of the structural dimensions of these molecules. If one also considers those changes inside the molecules that, according to other observations, are caused by the incorporation of water, the mentioned parallel becomes still more obvious and it may be primarily the length of the hydrated acid soap molecules that is reflected in the quasi-Bragg values.At water contents above 40%, where increased amounts of unbound, bulk-water begin to appear in the phase, this parallel ceases. Above 55% water, where the phase obtains the character of an aqueous solution of hydrated acid sodium octanoates, the quasi-Bragg values are then shown to reflect the thickness of the aggregates of hydrated acid sodium octanoates (1 NaC₈2 HC₈x H₂O and 1NaC₈3 HC₈x H₂O) together with their intercalated layers of bulk-water.Based upon the comparison of X-ray phenomena with previously obtained experimental evidence, it is possible to draw some conclusions about the structure of theL ₂-phase. The most important is that the elongation of hydrated acid sodium actanoate molecules, caused by the incorporation of water up to about 40%, is strongly supported.     

How many spectral lines are statistically significant?

When experimental line spectra are fitted with least squares techniques one frequently does not know whether n or n + 1 lines may be fitted safely. This paper shows how an F-test can be applied in order to determine the statistical significance of including an extra line into the fitting routine.     

Concordant outranking with multiple criteria of ordinal significance

In this paper we address the problem of aggregating outranking statements from multiple preference criteria of ordinal significance. The concept of ordinal concordance of a global outranking situation is defined and an operational test for its presence is developed. Finally, we propose a new kind of robustness analysis for global outranking statements integrating classical dominance, ordinal and classical majority concordance in a same ordinal valued logical framework.Received: March 2004, Revised: October 2004, MSC classification: 90B50, 06A06, 03C80     

微量元素研究对中药研究和应用的指导作用

通过对微量元素与中药材的栽培，中药的炮制加工，中成药的工艺研究及中药的合理应用之间相关性的综述，阐明了微量元素研究对中药研究和应用的指导意义，同时也给研究人员对微量元素的研究提出了新课题。