Process selection and sequencing in a two-agents production system

This paper addresses a coordination problem concerning two production agents in a manufacturing system. The two agents have a set of processes which must be carried out on some common resource. They can use the resource individually, but in general there may be an overall advantage in concurrently performing certain processes. The problem is to select concurrent processes and to sequence them with the aim of minimizing the total number of set-ups. In particular, a decomposition approach is proposed, in which first the concurrent processes are selected, by solving a generalized network flow problem, and then an optimal process sequencing is efficiently found.AMS classification: 05C85, 90B10, 05C45Paper previously processed by Francesco Archetti for Ricerca Operativa     

"Mass defect" tags for biomolecular mass spectrometry

We present a new class of "mass defect" tags with utility in biomolecular mass spectrometry. These tags, incorporating element(s) with atomic numbers between 17 (Cl) and 77 (Ir), have a substantially different nuclear binding energy (mass defect) from the elements common to biomolecules. This mass defect yields a readily resolvable mass difference between tagged and untagged species in high-resolution mass spectrometers. We present the use of a subset of these tags in a new protein sequencing application. This sequencing technique has advantages over existing mass spectral protein identification methodologies: intact proteins are quickly sequenced and unambiguously identified using only an inexpensive, robust mass spectrometer. We discuss the potential broader utility of these tags for the sequencing of other biomolecules, differential display applications and combinatorial methods.     

纳升电喷雾串联质谱"序列对接法"确定多肽的加钠位点

用QuattroM icro三级四极串联质谱分析常见的20种氨基酸的加钠效果。结果表明,绝大多数氨基酸与钠离子的非共价键结合力很弱甚至没有,但脯氨酸和苯丙氨酸很容易形成加钠离子峰。采用“序列对接法”测出重组人酸性纤维细胞生长因子(rh-a FGF)C-端肽段的全序列,并确定钠离子的加成位点为该肽段的第6位脯氨酸(6Pro)。通过酸化样品溶液获得无加钠、无序列间隙的该肽全序列,与加钠肽段的序列一致。     

A computer simulation of trapping electrophoresis

The gel electrophoretic migration of streptavidin-DNA complexes is severely altered by the phenomenon known as “trapping electrophoresis.” We present a first computer simulation study of this process. Our simulations use the very efficient biased reptation algorithm. The steady state is characterized by a large increase in band broadening and interband separation. However, we also find that for a narrow range of molecular sizes, the separation power of gel electrophoresis is greatly increased. We discuss the implications of our findings for the possible improvement of DNA sequencing technologies. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

液滴微流控系统在数字聚合酶链式反应中的应用研究进展

数字聚合酶链式反应( PCR)技术近年来发展迅速。与以实时荧光定量PCR为代表的传统PCR技术相比,数字PCR技术显著提高了定量分析的精确度和灵敏度。数字PCR的快速发展与近年来微流控技术在数字PCR技术中的广泛应用有着密切的联系。早期的研究和商业化产品使用的是大规模集成流路微流控芯片,加工过程复杂且价格高昂。近年来,液滴微流控芯片被应用到数字PCR技术中,它可以在短时间内产生102~107个微液滴,每一个微液滴都是最多只含有一个目的基因片段的PCR反应器。 PCR扩增后,通过对单个微液滴的观察计数,就可以获得绝对定量的分析数据。本文综述了不同种类的液滴微流控系统在数字PCR技术中的应用,以及液滴数字PCR微流控芯片在生物、医药、环境等领域的应用。     

微流控芯片实验室在基因分析研究中的应用

对微流控芯片实验室在基因分析中应用研究的最新进展予以综述,特别注意到了这种新技术平台在不同类型的基因多态性检测和脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)测序中的贡献,在一定程度上反映了这种贡献在临床诊断、法医学鉴定等领域已经产生的影响。     

双链特异性核酸酶的生物学和医学应用

双链特异性核酸酶DSN是一种能高选择性地识别并酶切完全匹配的DNA双链或者DNA-RNA杂交双链中的DNA,而对单链DNA和RNA几乎没有作用的核酸酶.DSN酶的上述特点使其在生物和医学等领域广泛应用,主要包括全长cDNA文库的均一化、单核苷酸多态性(SNP)检测和高通量测序等.近年来,DSN酶在microRNAs(miRNAs)的检测领域得以长足发展和应用.miRNAs是一组内源性、非编码短序列RNAs,在生理和病理过程中具有重要作用,但由于其序列短、丰度低等特点, miRNAs的检测一直是临床难题.新近研究主要基于DSN酶信号放大的特点,相继建立了一系列生物传感技术,通过采用不同检测原理如比色法、荧光法、电化学法等实现痕量miRNAs检测.本文就DSN酶在miRNAs检测、SNP检测、全长cDNA文库均一化及高通量测序等方面的生物学应用进行了综述.     

eglinC基因的化学合成与克隆

采用固相亚磷酰胺法合成了ｅｇｌｉｎＣ全基因，该基因全长２２１ｂｐ，包括其结构基因，５＇－端起始密码子ＡＴＧ和３＇－端终止密码子ＴＡＧ，并在基因的５＇－和３＇－分别装上ＥｃｏＲＩ和ＢａｍＨＩ位点．共分１２个片段，采取分段合成，酶促连接成完整的ｅｇｌｉｎＣ基因．合成的基因克隆于Ｍ１３载体，经杂交、检测，筛选出含ｅｇｌｉｎＣ基因的克隆．用双脱氧链终止法测其序列，结果与设计的一致．