Nanobuffering property of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles in aqueous solution

In the present study, the buffering effect of magnetite nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄) dispersed in an aqueous solution on the local pH value is investigated. It manifests itself in the fact that when some amount of acid or base is added to the solution then the solution near the nanoparticles surface becomes, respectively, less acidic and less alkaline than it is expected. It is the result of both the local electrostatic field, which represents the electric double layer at the surface of magnetic nanoparticles and the magnetic field around the nanoparticles. The magnetite nanoparticles exhibit very low toxicity and they are becoming increasingly important for new biomedical applications related to their effects on chemical reactions in body tissues and cells. The question arises, how strong are these effects at the nanoscale? The strength of the buffering property of magnetite nanoparticles is investigated both theoretically and experimentally by the direct measurement of the local pH value of a magnetic nanoparticles suspension. The theoretical model is based on stochastic equations describing the ions diffusing in the neighborhood of the electric double layer of the magnetic material. The electric double layer is modeled with the help of the Poisson–Boltzmann model. It is directly shown that both the electrostatic field and the magnetic field are responsible for the observed local changes of the pH value with respect to the bulk pH value.     

Ranking the spreading influence in complex networks

Identifying the node spreading influence in networks is an important task to optimally use the network structure and ensure the more efficient spreading in information. In this paper, by taking into account the shortest distance between a target node and the node set with the highest k-core value, we present an improved method to generate the ranking list to evaluate the node spreading influence. Comparing with the epidemic process results for four real networks and the Barabási–Albert network, the parameterless method could identify the node spreading influence more accurately than the ones generated by the degree k, closeness centrality, k-shell and mixed degree decomposition methods. This work would be helpful for deeply understanding the node importance of a network.     

Fuzzy overlapping community detection based on local random walk and multidimensional scaling

A fuzzy overlapping community is an important kind of overlapping community in which each node belongs to each community to different extents. It exists in many real networks but how to identify a fuzzy overlapping community is still a challenging task. In this work, the concept of local random walk and a new distance metric are introduced. Based on the new distance measurement, the dissimilarity index between each node of a network is calculated firstly. Then in order to keep the original node distance as much as possible, the network structure is mapped into low-dimensional space by the multidimensional scaling (MDS). Finally, the fuzzy c-means clustering is employed to find fuzzy communities in a network. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and efficient to identify the fuzzy overlapping communities in both artificial networks and real-world networks.     

Off-diagonal Bethe ansatz solution of the XXX spin chain with arbitrary boundary conditions

Employing the off-diagonal Bethe ansatz method proposed recently by the present authors, we exactly diagonalize the XXX spin chain with arbitrary boundary fields. By constructing a functional relation between the eigenvalues of the transfer matrix and the quantum determinant, the associated T–Q relation and the Bethe ansatz equations are derived.     

QCD as a topologically ordered system

We argue that QCD belongs to a topologically ordered phase similar to many well-known condensed matter systems with a gap such as topological insulators or superconductors. Our arguments are based on an analysis of the so-called “deformed QCD” which is a weakly coupled gauge theory, but nevertheless preserves all the crucial elements of strongly interacting QCD, including confinement, nontrivial θ dependence, degeneracy of the topological sectors, etc. Specifically, we construct the so-called topological “BF” action which reproduces the well known infrared features of the theory such as non-dispersive contribution to the topological susceptibility which cannot be associated with any propagating degrees of freedom. Furthermore, we interpret the well known resolution of the celebrated U(1)_A problem where the would be η^′ Goldstone boson generates its mass as a result of mixing of the Goldstone field with a topological auxiliary field characterizing the system. We then identify the non-propagating auxiliary topological field of the BF formulation in deformed QCD with the Veneziano ghost (which plays the crucial role in resolution of the U(1)_A problem). Finally, we elaborate on relation between “string-net” condensation in topologically ordered condensed matter systems and long range coherent configurations, the “skeletons”, studied in QCD lattice simulations.     

Cross sections for (d–t) neutron interaction with germanium isotopes

The cross sections for (n,x) reactions with Ge isotopes were measured at (d–t) neutron energies around 14 MeV with the activation technique using metal discs of natural composition. Calculations of detector efficiency, incident neutron spectrum and correction factors were performed with the Monte Carlo technique (MCNP4C code). Cross sections data are presented for ⁷⁰Ge(n,2n)⁶⁹Ge, ⁷⁴Ge(n,α)^71mZn, ⁷⁶Ge(n,2n)^75(m + g)Ge, ⁷⁰Ge(n,p)⁷⁰Ga and ⁷²Ge(n,2n)^71gGe reactions. The cross section results for ⁷²Ge(n,2n)^71gGe reaction were reported for the first time. Some other cross sections were obtained with higher precision, including the ⁷⁰Ge(n,p)⁷⁰Ga reaction. Theoretical calculations of excitation functions were performed with the TALYS-1.0 code and compared with the experimental cross section values. Data were included in the EXFOR database.     

Charmonium suppression at RHIC and SPS: A hadronic baseline

A kinetic equation approach is applied to model anomalous J/ψ suppression at RHIC and SPS by absorption in a hadron resonance gas which successfully describes statistical hadron production in both experiments. The puzzling rapidity dependence of the PHENIX data is reproduced as a geometric effect due to a longer absorption path for J/ψ production at forward rapidity.     

The H2+ molecular ion: Low-lying states

Matching for a wavefunction the WKB expansion at large distances and Taylor expansion at small distances leads to a compact, few-parametric uniform approximation found in Turbiner and Olivares-Pilon (2011). The ten low-lying eigenstates of H₂⁺ of the quantum numbers (n,m,Λ,±)  with n=m=0 at Λ=0,1,2, with n=1, m=0 and n=0, m=1 at Λ=0 of both parities are explored for all interproton distances R. For all these states this approximation provides the relative accuracy ?10⁻⁵ (not less than 5 s.d.) locally, for any real coordinate x in eigenfunctions, when for total energy E(R) it gives 10-11 s.d. for R∈[0,50]  a.u. Corrections to the approximation are evaluated in the specially-designed, convergent perturbation theory. Separation constants are found with not less than 8 s.d. The oscillator strength for the electric dipole transitions E1 is calculated with not less than 6 s.d. A dramatic dip in the E1 oscillator strength f_{1sσg−3pσu} at R∼R_eq is observed. The magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole transitions are calculated for the first time with not less than 6 s.d. in oscillator strength. For two lowest states (0,0,0,±) (or, equivalently, 1sσ_g and 2pσ_u states) the potential curves are checked and confirmed in the Lagrange mesh method within 12 s.d. Based on them the Energy Gap between 1sσ_g and 2pσ_u potential curves is approximated with modified Pade Re^−R[Pade(8/7)](R) with not less than 4-5 figures at R∈[0,40] a.u. Sum of potential curves E_1sσg+E_2pσu is approximated by Pade 1/R[Pade(5/8)](R) in R∈[0,40] a.u. with not less than 3-4 figures.     

基于流场模拟的涡旋压缩机涡齿应力变形分析

为了更准确地计算涡旋压缩机涡旋齿的应力和变形,提出一种基于流场模拟的应力变形计算方法。通过对涡旋压缩机工作过程进行气体流动的数值模拟,得到其压力场和温度场分布。将流场分布作为载荷边界条件进行涡旋齿的受力变形计算,得到涡旋齿在气体压力、热载荷及其同时作用下的应力分布和变形规律。分析了涡旋齿的径向变形和轴向变形,讨论了不同主轴转角下的涡旋齿应力和变形,比较了动涡旋齿和静涡旋齿的变形。结果表明:在压缩结束时刻动涡旋齿的应力和变形最大,最大应力位于齿头根部,最大变形位于齿头顶部。