f0（975）和Ф（1020）介子对中子星物质的影响

利用相对论平均场理论，考虑了σ＊，Ф介子及重子八重态{N，P，A，∑^-，∑0,∑＋，Ξ^-，Ξ^0}，研究了中子星的性质．发现当考虑了σ＊，Ф介子的贡献时，超子出现的临界重子数密度降低了，超子数目增加了，超子星的转变密度poH降低了，物态方程变软，最大质量变小而相应的中子星半径增大，中子星的中心重子数密度、中心能量密度和中心压强均降低．     

A second-order accurate numerical method for the two-dimensional fractional diffusion equation

Spatially fractional order diffusion equations are generalizations of classical diffusion equations which are used in modeling practical superdiffusive problems in fluid flow, finance and others. In this paper, we present an accurate and efficient numerical method to solve a fractional superdiffusive differential equation. This numerical method combines the alternating directions implicit (ADI) approach with a Crank–Nicolson discretization and a Richardson extrapolation to obtain an unconditionally stable second-order accurate finite difference method. The stability and the consistency of the method are established. Numerical solutions for an example super-diffusion equation with a known analytic solution are obtained and the behavior of the errors are analyzed to demonstrate the order of convergence of the method.     

Analytical and numerical study of coupled atomistic-continuum methods for fluids

The stability and convergence rate of coupled atomistic-continuum methods are studied analytically and numerically. These methods couple a continuum model with molecular dynamics through the exchange of boundary conditions in the continuum-particle overlapping region. Different coupling schemes, including velocity–velocity, flux–velocity, velocity–flux and flux–flux, are studied. It is found that the velocity–velocity and flux–velocity schemes are stable. The flux–flux scheme is weakly unstable. The stability of the velocity–flux scheme depends on the parameter T_c which is the length of the time interval between successive exchange of boundary conditions. It is stable when T_c is small and unstable when T_c is large. For steady-state problems, the flux–velocity scheme converges faster than the other coupling schemes.     

多波段条纹管激光成像系统探测距离计算

基于条纹管激光成像的基本原理，分析了利用条纹管实现紫外到近红外波段激光成像的技术可行性，并对其性能进行了分析；建立了激光成像雷达方程，计算了不同波长在不同天气条件下的探测距离，并分析了各激光波长的应用领域和优缺点．     

Evaluating perturbation contributions in SAFT models by comparing to molecular simulation of n-alkanes

SAFT models are generally written as a perturbation series of the Helmholtz energy with reciprocal temperature as the argument. The perturbation coefficients are then functions of density and molecular size. The variation of the perturbation coefficients with molecular size is given primarily by Wertheim's theory [6], [7], [8] and [9], but there may be additional variations as in the PC-SAFT model. In the present work, we compare the characterization of perturbation coefficients inferred from PC-SAFT to those derived from molecular simulations.The molecular simulations are based on Discontinuous Molecular Dynamics (DMD) and second order Thermodynamic Perturbation Theory (TPT). DMD simulation is applied to the repulsive part of the potential model with molecular details like fused hard spheres for the interaction sites and 110° bond angles. The thermodynamic effects of disperse attractions are treated by rigorous application of TPT. The present work re-examines the related work of Elliott and Gray [35] in the low density and critical regions, focusing on n-alkanes with carbon numbers ranging from 3 to 80.We find that SAFT theory overestimates the repulsive contribution (A₀) and underestimates the first order contribution (A₁) of Helmholtz energy relative to simulation. Nevertheless, the correlations are qualitatively reasonable. Significant inconsistencies arise when considering the second order contribution (A₂). For example, the PC-SAFT characterization of A₂ becomes larger than A₁ in the low density, long chain limit, raising concerns about the convergence of the series. Furthermore, fluctuations are underestimated in the critical region and overestimated in the liquid region. In each case, we can suggest improved characterizations. Altogether, these results suggest ways to modify the SAFT formalism to achieve greater consistency between atomistic and coarse-grained models.     

Molten polystyrene structures above the glass transition,T > Tg

The old controversial idea of structures in molten amorphous polymers is being accepted with theoretical and experimental evidence. Wool's twinkling fractal theory of the glass transition and recent atomic force micrographs are convincing proof of the dynamic, solid aggregate presence below and above T_g. This article offers detailed analysis of the experimental data from high‐pressure dilatometry, as well as from the oscillatory shear tests in the glassy and the molten state of polystyrenes. The results indicate the presence of a transient structure at T > T_g; transient as it depends on the structure of the vitreous polymer and the rate of heating it across T_g. Thus, molten polymer is not always at the thermodynamic equilibrium. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 49: 1369–1380, 2011     

Boyle temperature and cubic equations of state

The sensitivity of Boyle temperature to changes in parameters appearing in cubic equations of state and to volume shift is analyzed. Analytical expressions for the Boyle temperature and for the dependency to the shift of the equation of state are given for the most common cases of the alpha function.     

Mobile and immobile fluid transport: Coupling framework

We introduce a solver method for mobile and immobile transport regions. The motivation is driven by transport processes in porous media (e.g. waste disposal, chemical deposition processes). We analyze the coupled transport‐reaction equation with mobile and immobile areas. We apply analytical methods, such as Laplace‐transformation, and for the numerical methods we apply Godunov's scheme, see (Mat. Sb. 1959; 47 :271–306; Finite Volume Methods for Hyperbolic Problems. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2002). The method is based numerically on flux‐based characteristic methods and is an attractive alternative to the classical higher‐order TVD methods, see (J. Comput. Phys. 1993; 49 :357–393). In this paper, we will focus on the derivation of analytical solutions for general and special solutions of the characteristic methods that are embedded in a finite‐volume method. At the end of the paper, we illustrate the higher‐order method for different benchmark problems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

萃提技术在皂素生产中的应用

天然产物的提取是一个复杂的过程。当溶剂加入到植物原料中时，在溶剂的扩散和渗透作用下，渗透至原料的内部，将原料中可溶性物质进行溶解，从而造成内部及其吸附溶剂和外部溶剂的浓度不一致，存在一定的化学势差，它付之间不断地进行交换，直至它们的化学势趋于一致，内外溶液的浓度达到一种动态平衡，此时原料、吸附溶液和外部溶液的浓度基本保持衡定，溶济提取达到最大效能［１，５］．将该溶液滤出，破坏它们之间的平衡，重新加入新的溶剂促使它们之间进行新的交换，建立一种新的平衡体系，并不断地破坏它们，从而不断地将原料中的成分…