我国大病保险最优补偿分段方式与区间数量研究

我国大病保险补偿方案制定中,分段的方式以及区间的数量尤为重要.本文在区间等分、等比递增和等比递减三种分段方式下,分别建立以区间数量为自变量,以大病保险补偿额度为因变量的理论模型.以期望补偿比例作为衡量大病保险补偿水平的标准,在不低于95%的期望补偿比例下,理论结果显示:(i)区间等分、等比递增和等比递减三种分段方式对应的最佳区间数量分别为3个、3个和5个;(ii)在设定前述最优区间数量时,区间等比递增模式的补偿水平最高,其次为区间等比递减模式,区间等分模式的补偿水平最低,但是三者相差不大.接着,基于2015年的CHARLS数据为实证,计算三种区间分段方式下,家庭灾难性医疗支出发生率依次为7.13%、7.26%和7.69%,与理论的结果一致.     

可替代产品环境下基于数量折扣的供应链协调研究

研究一个供应商和一个零售商基于数量折扣的两种可替代产品供应链协调问题,建立以供应商为主导的可替代产品数量折扣Stackelberg博弈模型,并将数量折扣模型与一体化和非一体化情形作对比,分析产品折扣率和替代率的变化对供应链的影响.研究结果表明虽然整个供应链利润随折扣率和产品可替代程度的增加而增加,但只是增加了处于主导地位供应商的利润,降低了零售商的利润;在实际运营中,供应商需要考虑销售返利或其它转移支付手段将利润一部分转移给零售商来实现基于数量折扣的供应链协调.     

基于灰作用量优化的分数阶灰色预测模型研究

针对小样本振荡型数据序列的灰建模预测问题,提出基于灰作用量优化的分数阶GM(1,1|sin+cos)预测模型.在已有经典GM(1,1|sin)的基础上,一方面,将一阶累加灰生成拓展为分数阶累加灰生成,使得构建的模型更加符合新信息优先原理.另一方面,将灰作用量b_1 sin pk+b_2改进为b_1 sin pk+b_2 cos qk+b_3,其作用是通过增加余弦函数项cos qk,使得具有两个不同周期的运动项cos qk与b_1 sin pk+b_2叠加复合之后,能够生成更加贴近于振荡原始序列趋势和特征的时间响应序列,从而得到拟合精度较高的灰色模型.其次,对建模过程的时间响应式、模型参数p和q的最优估计问题进行了研究,构造了最优累加阶数r、参数p和q的粒子群优化算法,得到的优化模型实现了某些类型振荡序列较高精度的预测.实际数据例子结果表明,所建立的模型能够较好地模拟常见振荡型数据序列的波动趋势和特征,具有较强的适用性和拟合性能.     

和形式的等价无穷小代换

在本文中,我们针对微积分教学中碰到的关于和形式等价无穷小代换求极限的问题进行了探讨,并推广了已知的结果.     

Optimal dividend-financing strategies in a dual risk model with time-inconsistent preferences

In this paper, we consider an optimal dividend-financing problem for a company whose capital reserve is described by the dual of classical risk model. We assume that the manager of the company has time-inconsistent preferences, which are described by a quasi-hyperbolic discount function, and that financing is permitted to prevent the company from going bankrupt. The manager’s objective is to maximize the expected cumulative dividend payments minus financing costs. We solve the optimization problems for a naive manager and a sophisticated manager, and obtain explicit solutions for both managers. Our results show that the manager with time-inconsistent preferences tends to pay out dividends earlier. We also present some economic implications and sensitivity analysis for our results.     

用Mathematica计算油滴电荷的基本量

密立根油滴实验的主要目的是要从大量的实验数据中证明电荷的不连续性,为提高计算效率,本文利用了Mathematica软件对实验数据进行了最小二乘处理,优化了误差的分布,得到了准确的电荷基本量值。     

Sodium Chloride Aerosol Generation Method for high Efficiency Particulate air Filter Testing

A method for submicron aerosol generation from the sodium chloride aqueous solution and the results related to the generation capacity and aerosol particle characterization as a function of the experimental conditions are presented.     

允许购买费用滞后支付的两阶段Newsboy模型

研究了由单个制造商与单个零售商组成的两层供应链的订货协调问题，在带有两次订购机会和两种滞后支付方式的前提下，分别建立了集中决策模型和分散决策模型，并分别证明了这两个模型解的存在唯一性；提出了一个两阶段的收益共享契约，该契约不仅能达到供应链协调，而且还能实现供应链两成员的“双赢”。     

A study on lead-time discount coordination for deteriorating products

Goods flowing through supply chains usually deteriorate. Such goods may corrupt, volatilize, and degenerate over time and thus cause the decline of their values or quantity. This study focuses on lead-time coordination for supply chains with deteriorating products which facilitates member cooperation and long-time relationships, thus increasing profit for the entire supply chain. A two-level supply chain with a single supplier and a single retailer is considered, in which the product deteriorates in the same manner for both the supplier and retailer, which is allowed to have shortages. A lead-time discount coordination strategy is used to maximize the profit of the entire supply chain by appropriately determining the optimal order quantity and lead-time. A numerical example is given, and sensitivity analyses are performed to analyze the influence of various parameters on the overall profit. The results can help managers establish long-term cooperative relationships in supply chains.     

Aspekte der Erfassung von Stoffgehalten und Stoffverteilungen

Ausgehend von den Arbeitsergebnissen und Arbeitsvorhaben des Zentralinstituts für Isotopen- und Strahlenforschung der AdW der DDR auf dem Gebiet der Spurenanalyse, der Erfassung lateraler Stoffverteilungen durch Abbildungsverfahren etc. werden einige Entwicklungstendenzen dargestellt. Dabei wird besonders auf solche Verfahren und Methoden eingegangen, die sich zur Erfassung von Stoffgehalten, flächenhaften und räumlichen Verteilungen von Spuren — wie sie z. B. in der Halbleiterindustrie, der Reinststoffuntersuchung und der Kernindustrie erforderlich sind — eignen.

Neben. den Grundprinzipien der Verfahren werden insbesondere ihre Anwendungsmöglichkeit, Nachweisempfindlichkeit, Leistungsfühigkeit etc. besprochen.