保存条件对大鼠海马组织总RNA质量的影响

从大鼠海马组织提取总RNA后,测定了不同时间和温度下保存及3次循环冻融后RNA的浓度和纯度,并分析了其完整性;探讨了保存时间、保存温度及反复冻融对大鼠海马组织总RNA质量的影响.结果表明,不同条件下保存及冻融3次后RNA浓度较首次检测值均有所降低,4℃下保存60d标本中的RNA浓度明显低于对照组(P<0.05),其他组未见显著性差异;各组RNA的OD 260/OD280在1.8～2.0之间.在-20℃和-70℃下分别保存30d和60d,以及24h冻融3次后的样品RNA的完整性较好;但4℃下保存的两组样品的RNA发生分解.RNA在4℃和-20℃下分别保存30d和60d后,相应的RE[(不同条件下保存后的样品浓度-初始浓度)/初始浓度]值均大于15%,而-70℃下保存30d、60d以及在24h内冻融3次后的RE值均小于15%.据此可知,大鼠海马组织总RNA样品可在-70℃下保存60d,反复冻融3次后总RNA质量基本不变.     

The sandwich-type electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for α-fetoprotein based on enrichment by Fe3O4-Au magnetic nano probes and signal amplification by CdS-Au composite nanoparticles labeled anti-AFP

A novel and sensitive sandwich-type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor was fabricated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for ultra trace levels of α-fetoprotein (AFP) based on sandwich immunoreaction strategy by enrichment using magnetic capture probes and quantum dots coated with Au shell (CdS-Au) as the signal tag. The capture probe was prepared by immobilizing the primary antibody of AFP (Ab1) on the core/shell Fe₃O₄-Au nanoparticles, which was first employed to capture AFP antigens to form Fe₃O₄-Au/Ab1/AFP complex from the serum after incubation. The product can be separated from the background solution through the magnetic separation. Then the CdS-Au labeled secondary antibody (Ab2) as signal tag (CdS-Au/Ab2) was conjugated successfully with Fe₃O₄-Au/Ab1/AFP complex to form a sandwich-type immunocomplex (Fe₃O₄-Au/Ab1/AFP/Ab2/CdS-Au), which can be further separated by an external magnetic field and produce ECL signals at a fixed voltage. The signal was proportional to a certain concentration range of AFP for quantification. Thus, an easy-to-use immunosensor with magnetic probes and a quantum dots signal tag was obtained. The immunosensor performed at a level of high sensitivity and a broad concentration range for AFP between 0.0005 and 5.0 ng mL⁻¹ with a detection limit of 0.2 pg mL⁻¹. The use of magnetic probes was combined with pre-concentration and separation for trace levels of tumor markers in the serum. Due to the amplification of the signal tag, the immunosensor is highly sensitive, which can offer great promise for rapid, simple, selective and cost-effective detection of effective biomonitoring for clinical application.     

Simulation of Dynamic Light Scattering Signals of Ultrafine Particles

In order to conveniently obtain dynamic light scattering (DLS) signal, a simulation method of DLS signal is proposed in this paper. This method regards the light intensity fluctuation of DLS as a stationary random process. According to autocorrelation function (ACF) of DLS signal, the stationary random process of DLS can be generated by auto‐regressive (AR) model. Signal simulations of several kinds of distribution particles and comparison of simulations and experiment prove that AR model can be used for DLS signal simulation. Moreover, by analyzing effect of simulation parameters on simulation precision, we obtained the relationship between simulation parameters and simulation precision. Finally, application of simulation signal verifies the effectiveness and convenience of this simulation method.     

等离子体羽中氧原子的光谱强度分布

大气压等离子体羽放电产生的低温等离子体由于不需要真空装置,可以对复杂材料进行三维处理等,在工业上具有广泛的应用前景。本工作利用等离子体针放电装置在大气压空气中产生了稳定的等离子体羽。通过光谱测量,发现等离子体羽发射谱中存在777.5和844.6nm的氧原子谱线。这表明在大气压空气放电中产生了具有高化学活性的氧原子。通过光谱学方法研究了氧原子谱线强度的空间分布,发现靠近电极处氧原子谱线强度远大于其他位置。为了对这一现象进行解释,利用光电倍增管对等离子体羽的发光信号进行了空间分辨测量,发现靠近电极处发光信号宽度远大于其他位置的发光信号宽度。这些结果对大气压空气等离子体羽在杀菌消毒等领域的应用具有重要意义。     

一种基于多级查找表的高效Huffman编码算法

本文研究了适用于数字信号处理器的一种高效的Huffman编码算法的问题.利用多级查找表建立规则,并将Huffman树分割为若干子树且为分割后的所有子树建立一个统一的查找表的方法,获得了可用较小的查找表来存储Huffman树且能对比特流进行快速解码的结果.     

光磁共振实验中扫场及水平场取值关系的探讨

在光磁共振实验中,常常有抽运信号与共振信号同时存在的情况,这严重影响到实验的观察和测量.本文利用扫场及水平场大小对抽运信号的影响,通过理论分析和实验测量得到抽运和共振信号不同时存在时扫场和水平场的取值关系.从而有效避免抽运信号对共振信号的干扰,以及对总磁场方向误判的情况,保证了实验的顺利进行和准确测量.     

基于分数阶傅立叶变换的线性调频回波参数估计

本文提出了一种适用于宽带线性调频回波的分数阶傅立叶变换参数估计方法。它通过寻找合适的信号代替发射信号做模版,使得模版信号与接收信号的模糊函数匹配度高,峰值尖锐,失真率低。再利用分数阶傅立叶变换与模糊函数的关系,使用两次分数阶域的峰值搜索代替原有的一次二维搜索降低计算量。仿真实验结果表明,本文提出的方法在精确估计宽带回波的时延和频移的同时降低了计算复杂度。     

X射线脉冲星累积轮廓建模及信号辨识

为减少X射线脉冲星信号辨识所需的观测时间, 提出一种基于轮廓光子分布统计量的辨识算法. 用该方法分析了观测数据按不同周期累积所获轮廓的光子分布差异, 按累积周期正确与否, 对轮廓进行分类建模. 基于两类轮廓模型, 研究了光子分布统计量的性质差异, 以此进行信号辨识. 利用罗西X射线时变探测器数据进行了辨识实验, 结果表明该算法有效地减少了辨识所需的观测时间, 且不存在误检问题.