Generalized Prikry forcing and iteration of generic ultrapowers

It is known that there is a close relation between Prikry forcing and the iteration of ultrapowers: If U is a normal ultrafilter on a measurable cardinal κ and 〈M_n, j_m,n | m ≤ n ≤ ω〉 is the iteration of ultrapowers of V by U, then the sequence of critical points 〈j_0,n(κ) | n ∈ ω〉 is a Prikry generic sequence over M_ω. In this paper we generalize this for normal precipitous filters. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Line-by-line calculations of thermal infrared radiation representative for global condition: CFC-12 as an example

We estimate a current direct radiative forcing due to CFC-12 of 0.18 Wm^-2, which is likely to be the peak radiative forcing for CFC-12. Global measurements of CFC-12 show at present an almost negligible trend for CFC-12 and measurement in an industrialized region show evidence that the peak concentration is reached. It is expected that concentration of CFC-12 in industrialized regions begins to decline 1-3 years before the global concentration.Our radiative forcing calculations are based on a line-by-line model appropriate for simulation of global mean radiative forcing, including clouds and stratospheric temperature adjustment. The radiative forcing of 0.33 Wm^-2/ppbv is close to earlier published results for this compound. New spectroscopic measurements for CFC-12 are performed and compared to previously published results.     

A Nonexistence Theorem of Proper Harmonic Morphisms Between Hyperbolic Spaces

We provide a nonexistence theorem of harmonic morphisms between hyperbolic spaces which are proper and C ²-smooth to the boundary.     

Optimal monitoring network designs

The selection of a monitoring network is formulated as a decision problem whose solutions would then be optimal. The theory is applied where the underlying field has a multivariate normal probability structure.     

On a domination property for vector maximization with respect to cones

We give a corrected version of Theorem 2.1 of Ref. 1.The author is indebted to D. T. Luc, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, for pointing out his error in the proof of the original version of Theorem 2.1 in Ref. 1.     

Controllability of delay systems with restrained controls

Using a geometric growth condition, we characterize both the function space and Euclidean controllability of a nonlinear delay system which has a compact and convex control set. This extends analogous results for ordinary differential systems, and it yields conditions under which perturbed nonlinear delay controllable systems are controllable.This research was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Contract No. NSG 1445Now on leave of absence as Professor, Department of Mathematics, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.     

Clones from creatures

We show that (consistently) there is a clone on a countable set such that the interval of clones above is linearly ordered and has no coatoms.

     

Completing orientations of partially oriented graphs

We initiate a general study of what we call orientation completion problems. For a fixed class of oriented graphs, the orientation completion problem asks whether a given partially oriented graph P can be completed to an oriented graph in by orienting the (nonoriented) edges in P. Orientation completion problems commonly generalize several existing problems including recognition of certain classes of graphs and digraphs as well as extending representations of certain geometrically representable graphs. We study orientation completion problems for various classes of oriented graphs, including k‐arc‐strong oriented graphs, k‐strong oriented graphs, quasi‐transitive‐oriented graphs, local tournaments, acyclic local tournaments, locally transitive tournaments, locally transitive local tournaments, in‐tournaments, and oriented graphs that have directed cycle factors. We show that the orientation completion problem for each of these classes is either polynomial time solvable or NP‐complete. We also show that some of the NP‐complete problems become polynomial time solvable when the input‐oriented graphs satisfy certain extra conditions. Our results imply that the representation extension problems for proper interval graphs and for proper circular arc graphs are polynomial time solvable. The latter generalizes a previous result.     

Numerical Investigation of Sound Generation due to Laminar Flow Past Elliptic Cylinders

Numerical investigation of sound generation due to unsteady laminar flow past elliptic cylinders has been carried out using direct numerical simulation $(DNS)$ approach at a free-stream Mach number of $0.2$. Effects of aspect ratio $(0.6\le AR\le 1.0)$ and Reynolds number $(100\le Re \le 160)$ on the characteristics of radiated sound fields are analyzed. Two-dimensional compressible fluid flow equations are solved on a refined grid using high resolution dispersion relation preserving $(DRP)$ schemes. Using present $DNS$ data, equivalent noise sources as given by various acoustic analogies are evaluated. Amplitudes and frequencies associated with these noise sources are further related to characteristics of disturbance pressure fields. Disturbance pressure fields are intensified with increase in Reynolds number and aspect ratio. Thus, radiated sound power increases with increase in Reynolds number and aspect ratio. Among various cases studied here, minimum and maximum values of radiated sound power are found at $Re=120$ & $AR=0.6$ and $Re=160$ & $AR=1.0$, respectively. Directivity patterns show that the generated sound fields are dominated by the lift dipole for all cases. Next, proper orthogonal decomposition $(POD)$ technique has been implemented for decomposing disturbance pressure fields. The $POD$ modes associated with the lift and the drag dipoles have been identified. $POD$ analyses also clearly display that the radiated sound fields are dominated by the lift dipole only. Further, acoustic and hydrodynamic modes obtained using Doak's decomposition method have confirmed the patterns of radiated sound field intensities.     

Understanding preservation theorems,II

We present an exposition of much of Sections VI.3 and XVIII.3 from Shelah's book Proper and Improper Forcing. This covers numerous preservation theorems for countable support iterations of proper forcing, including preservation of the property “no new random reals over V ”, the property “reals of the ground model form a non‐meager set”, the property “every dense open set contains a dense open set of the ground model”, and preservation theorems related to the weak bounding property, the weak ^ωω ‐bounding property, and the property “the set of reals of the ground model has positive outer measure” (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)