湖南生产服务业与先进装备制造业产业发展关系研究

以投入产出模型为基础,计算出湖南省生产服务业与先进装备制造业这两行业与各分行业的直接消耗系数、完全消耗系数、感应度系数和影响力系数.研究表明：先进装备制造业消耗力度大于生产服务业,但二者消耗水平均远低于发达国家,先进装备制造业对生产服务业的需求推动力和影响力较强,生产服务业的传统服务部门对产业发展推力较强,但资本、知识密集型生产服务部门作用正日益凸显,创新型部门则有待进一步发展.基于上述结论,提出了以生产服务业促进先进装备制造业发展,以先进装备制造业推动生产服务业发展的政策建议.     

Cost-Effective Migration from Sub-Lambda to Wavelength-Based Metro Networks

This article will discuss the importance of hybrid coexistence of sub-lambda grooming with wavelength-based services for driving down costs and maximizing the use of metro bandwidth, as well as enabling next-generation lambda-based services. The article will also address migration to all optical metro networks.     

Consortium GARR and the European National Research and Education Networks Optical Infrastructure Developments

Abstract

GARR is engineering its next generation of the Italian Research and Education Network (GARR-X), which will exploit a countrywide optical infrastructure based on DWDM equipment and advanced multi-domain services. The trend is common in all National Research and Education Networks [1 TERENA NREN Compendium. http://www.terena.org/activities/compendium ISSN 1569-4496 [Google Scholar]] in Europe and worldwide. NRENs are relying more and more on direct use of optical equipment to fulfill the researchers' requirements. These hybrid networks are built to provide services on a multi-domain environment both at the circuit and at the IP layer for researchers in, for example, radio astronomy (eVLBI [2 European Very Long Baseline Interferometry http://www.evlbi.org [Google Scholar]]), GRID computing (EGEE [3 Enabling Grids for E-sciencE http://public.eu-egee.org [Google Scholar]], LHC [4 The Large Hadron Collider http://lhc.web.cern.ch/lhc [Google Scholar]]), high-performance computing (DEISA [5 The Distributed European Infrastructure for Supercomputing Applications http://www.deisa.org [Google Scholar]]). This article outlines the status and issues of ongoing research activities in GARR [6 http://www.garr.it/garr-b-home-engl.shtmlConsortium GARR, the Italian NREN [Google Scholar]] and NRENs to provide, manage, and evolve dedicated optical-based networks for providing multi-domain end-to-end services. The research is performed mainly in the framework of the European Commission co-funded project GÉANT2 [7 The pan-European R&E network http://www.geant2.net [Google Scholar]].     

Optimizing specimen collection for processing in clinical testing laboratories

We study the logistics of specimen collection for a clinical testing laboratory that serves sites dispersed in an urban area. The specimens that accumulate at the customer sites throughout the working day are transported to the laboratory for processing. The problem is to construct and schedule a series of tours to collect the accumulated specimens from the sites throughout the day. Two hierarchical objectives are considered: (i) maximizing the amount of specimens processed by the next morning, and (ii) minimizing the daily transportation cost. We show that the problem is NP-hard and formulate a linear Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) model to solve the bicriteria problem in two levels. We characterize properties of optimal solutions and develop a heuristic approach based on solving the MIP model with additional constraints that seeks for feasible solutions with specific characteristics. To evaluate the performance of this approach, we provide an upper bounding scheme on the daily processed amount, and develop two relaxed MIP models to generate lower bounds on the daily transportation cost. The effectiveness of the proposed solution approach is evaluated using realistic problem instances. Insights on key problem parameters and their effects on the solutions are extracted by further experiments.     

Selfish routing in public services

It is well observed that individual behaviour can have an effect on the efficiency of queueing systems. The impact of this behaviour on the economic efficiency of public services is considered in this paper where we present results concerning the congestion related implications of decisions made by individuals when choosing between facilities. The work presented has important managerial implications at a public policy level when considering the effect of allowing individuals to choose between providers. We show that in general the introduction of choice in an already inefficient system will not have a negative effect. Introducing choice in a system that copes with demand will have a negative effect.     

基于生产者/消费者设计模式的应力波信息采集系统的设计

以LabVIEW14.0为虚拟仪器软件开发平台,采用生产者/消费者设计模式的控制策略、技术数据管理流(TDMS)二进制文件储存策略和SQL数据库及事件结构相结合的实时更新策略,设计了集实时信息采集、储存、显示等功能于一体的应力波采集系统;3种控制策略相结合,解决了传统顺序结构设计模式下程序循环周期长、执行效率低的问题,而且解决了实时采集过程中数据的快速、大容量储存问题,实现了采集过程中采集参数的实时更新;实验结果表明该应力波采集系统具有响应速度快、执行效率高等优点。     

卢瑟福散射与原子的有核模型

回顾了卢瑟福散射实验,并从原子的有核模型的建立引出一些思考。     

Equilibrium analysis in batch-arrival queues with complementary services

This paper studies a batch-arrival queue with two complementary services. The two services are complementary and any customer has no benefit from obtaining just one of them. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are no works contributed to the batch-arrival queues on analysis of the equilibrium behaviors in queueing systems by now. The properties of batch-arrival queues, which is more practical and universal in reality, induce different Nash equilibria under competition or monopoly compared with the single-arrival queues. We observe the joint effect of batch joining rate and cost structure on the behavior of customers and graphically interpret the equilibrium solutions under competition. Moreover, we discuss the model under three types of price structures and give comparisons from customer and server points.     

The impact of managerial and organizational aspects on hospital wards’ efficiency: Evidence from a case study

In spite of its acknowledged relevance, the impact of managerial and organizational aspects on hospital wards’ efficiency has been so far overlooked by the literature. In order to explore this issue, this paper presents a model of the relations between the decision making process of a hospital ward and its technical efficiency. In order to test the model, a two-step approach has been adopted. In the first step the technical efficiency of wards belonging to a large Italian Hospital Enterprise has been calculated using DEA. In the second step, efficiency scores have been regressed on a set of variables capturing managerial goals and actions internal to the ward, as well as re-organizations imposed by the hospital central management. Responses to a questionnaire administered to the heads of ward were used to build the independent variables. Results show that both decisions internal to the ward and exogenous re-organizations affect the ward’s efficiency, and suggest that these variables are more significant in explaining efficiency than environmental ones.     

Living with influenza: Impacts of government imposed and voluntarily selected interventions

Focusing on mitigation strategies for global pandemic influenza, we use elementary mathematical models to evaluate the implementation and timing of non-pharmaceutical intervention strategies such as travel restrictions, social distancing and improved hygiene. A spreadsheet model of infection spread between several linked heterogeneous communities is based on analytical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. Since human behavior will likely change during the course of a pandemic, thereby altering the dynamics of the disease, we incorporate a feedback parameter into our model to reflect altered behavior. Our results indicate that while a flu pandemic could be devastating; there are coping methods that when implemented quickly and correctly can significantly mitigate the severity of a global outbreak.