论均数的多重比较及其SAS实施

本文论述了各种多重比较法的产生背景及其具体实施,并分析了选用原则,给出了各种方法的完整SAS过程,服务于科学试验实践。     

Pre- and in-service teachers’ perceived value of an experimental real analysis course for teachers

Prospective secondary mathematics teachers are usually required to complete several university advanced mathematics courses before being certified to teach secondary mathematics. However, teachers usually do not find these courses to be valuable for their teaching. We designed an experimental real analysis course with the goal of making real analysis content useful and relevant to teaching. Our approach was to ground the real analysis content in pedagogical situations that problematized a secondary mathematics topic, where the nuances of teaching secondary mathematics could be informed by the real analysis that was covered. The experimental course was implemented in a graduate teacher education programme with 32 pre- and in-service teachers (PISTs). After the course, we conducted focus group interviews with 20 of these PISTs to get feedback on how the course was valuable to their teaching practice. Many PISTs found the course to be valuable for teaching secondary mathematics, as well as for their understanding of secondary mathematics and real analysis.     

化学师范生PCK的发展研究*——基于化学教学论课程

基于化学教学论课程来研究师范生PCK的发展情况。数据主要来源于师范生的教学设计及访谈,使用PCK地图作为分析工具。研究发现,经过课程教学,师范生在教学设计中主动表现出的可被识别的PCK片段数量明显增多。师范生PCK各要素均得到有效发展,但发展不够均衡,教学策略知识发展最好,课程知识和学生知识发展不够完善,教学取向知识和学生评价知识发展相对薄弱。此外,师范生PCK各要素之间的关联基本建立,但关联的稳定性和强度存在一定差异。     

基于师范生创新能力培养的化学教学论实验课程教学研究*

依托“化学教学论实验”课程教学,在探究性学习理念指导下,通过师范生对主题实验在扎实、全面的文献梳理基础上,重点从仪器、药品及实验方案等维度进行创新性改进和设计活动,达成创新能力培养的教学目标。实践证明,发挥实验在化学学科教学中的重要价值,凸显教师主导和学生主体的教学模式,不仅有利于提升师范生对学习和教学的内涵理解,更有利于在真实参与的学习活动中培养和提高创新思维及能力。     

HFO-1234yf as a CF3 Building Block: Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl Quinoline and Chromene Derivatives from Trifluoromethyl-ynones

Trifluoromethyl ynones derived from the refrigerant gas HFO-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) react with nucleophiles via a Michael-type addition process and the allenolate intermediate formed reacts intramolecularly with a carbonyl group to form heterocyclic derivatives. Thus, reaction of 2-amino and 2-hydroxyl benzaldehyde or ketone substrates with trifluoromethyl ynone derivatives gives trifluoromethyl quinoline and chromene products by a one-pot tandem ring closing sequence, forming pharmaceutically relevant structures from an inexpensive starting material without the need for transition metals or column chromatography. The 2-trifluoromethylquinoline products also show unusual fluxional behaviour, which was explored through 2-D NMR and X-ray crystallographic studies.     

职前科学教师科学本质教学设计评价研究

科学本质教学设计是科学本质教学实践的基础。本研究评估了35名职前科学教师的科学本质教学设计。数据源包括：科学本质教学设计、半结构化访谈、非正式访谈等多元数据。数据分析以“显性-反思性”教学为框架,分别从科学本质教学设计的目标设定、内容融合、情境创设、问题、讨论、反思等6个方面对职前科学教师的科学本质教学设计进行等级编码。研究结果表明,职前科学教师能够将科学本质作为认知性目标,挖掘课程材料中的科学本质内容,较好地设置科学本质的教学情境,但在具体实施科学本质教学设计的问题、讨论、反思时表现欠佳。这表明职前科学教师在将“显性-反思性”教学转化为具体的、实操层面的教学设计时仍然存在困难。