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71.
We consider the flow of a viscous incompressible fluid in a rigid homogeneous porous medium provided with boundary conditions on the pressure around a circular well. When the boundary pressure presents high variations, the permeability of the medium depends on the pressure, so that the model is nonlinear. We propose a spectral discretization of the resulting system of equations which takes into account the axisymmetry of the domain and of the flow. We prove optimal error estimates and present some numerical experiments which confirm the interest of the discretization. 相似文献
72.
73.
Modulus–porosity relationships are critical for engineered bone tissue scaffold materials such as hydroxyapatite (HA), where porosity is essential to biological function. Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) measurements revealed that the Young's modulus, E, and shear modulus, G, of both alumina and HA decrease monotonically with increasing volume fraction porosity, P, for 0.06 < P < 0.39 (alumina) and 0.05 < P < 0.51 (HA). Although the elastic moduli of porous materials have been measured by a number of different ultrasonic resonance techniques (of which the RUS technique is one example) and over the last decade the elastic moduli of many solids have been measured by the RUS technique, this study is the first systematic RUS study of porous materials. Comparison of E versus P data for alumina (which has been studied extensively) with literature data from several measurement techniques indicates the RUS technique is effective for modulus–porosity measurements. Another key result is that although the HA specimens included in this study have a unimodal pore size distribution, the details of the decrease in E and G with increasing P agree well with literature data for HA with both unimodal and bimodal pore size distributions. In addition, Poisson's ratio exhibits a local minimum in the porosity range of 0.2 < P < 0.25 for both HA and alumina, which may be related to the pore morphology evolution during sintering. 相似文献
74.
This work analyses the microstructure changes of various copper-based powder systems during sintering from 3D images provided by in situ synchrotron microtomography. The investigated systems include a copper powder with a wide particle size distribution of 0–63 µm poured into a quartz capillary, a pre-sintered copper compact with artificially created large pores and a mixture of copper and alumina particles. The experiments were carried out at the European Synchrotron in Grenoble, France. Powders were sintered up to 1060°C under reducing atmosphere in a furnace located between the X-ray source and the detector. During each experiment, 3D images were taken at various times of the thermal cycle. We have obtained images with a resolution of 1.5 µm and the time of acquisition of every image was ~1 min. Quantitative analysis of these images allowed the changes of various important parameters to be followed. Such parameters characterise the sintering process at the particle length scale: interparticle coordination, pore size distribution and particle centre-to-centre distance. Moreover, by tracking the displacement of each particle centre and comparing it to the displacement predicted by classical mean field assumption, we have been able to assess the magnitude of particle rearrangement occurring during sintering. From these data, the sintering behaviour of heterogeneous powder systems is discussed with particular emphasis of collective particle phenomena. 相似文献
75.
Optical emission resulting from sputtered species during ion bombardment of porous and oxidized porous silicon targets has been studied. Samples were bombarded with 5‐keV Kr+ ions at an incidence angle of 70 degrees, and the light emitted was analyzed over the wavelength range 200–300 nm. The surface morphology was investigated, and the micrographs revealed grooves parallel to the plane of incidence when the porosity was surprisingly observed in the grooves under each pore. The results are discussed as a function of the incidence angle and the porosity of the silicon targets. 相似文献
76.
We obtain convergent power series representations for Bloch waves in periodic high-contrast media. The material coefficient in the inclusions can be positive or negative. The small expansion parameter is the ratio of period cell width to wavelength, and the coefficient functions are solutions of the cell problems arising from formal asymptotic expansion. In the case of positive coefficient, the dispersion relation has an infinite sequence of branches, each represented by a convergent even power series whose leading term is a branch of the dispersion relation for the homogenized medium. In the negative case, there is a single branch. 相似文献
77.
L. P. Khoroshun 《International Applied Mechanics》2007,43(2):217-227
The principles of the theory of long-term damage based on the mechanics of stochastically inhomogeneous media are set out.
The process of damage is modeled as randomly dispersed micropores resulting from the destruction of microvolumes. A failure
criterion for a single microvolume is associated with its long-term strength dependent on the relationship of the time to
brittle failure and the difference between the equivalent stress and the Huber-von Mises failure stress, which is assumed
to be a random function of coordinates. The stochastic elasticity equations for porous media are used to determine the effective
moduli and the stress-strain state of microdamaged materials. The porosity balance equation is derived in finite-time and
differential-time forms for given macrostresses or macrostrains and arbitrary time using the properties of the distribution
function and the ergodicity of the random field of short-term strength as well as the dependence of the time to brittle failure
on the stress state and the short-term strength. The macrostress-macrostrain relationship and the porosity balance equation
describe the coupled processes of deformation and long-term damage
__________
Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 108–121, February 2007.
For the centenary of the birth of G. N. Savin. 相似文献
78.
Acoustic performance of dissipative silencer was evaluated to determine the effectiveness of perforated duct porosity and absorbent material density in reducing occupational noise exposure propagated from centrifugal fan. Design charts were applied to predict noise reduction and length of a dissipative silencer. Dissipative silencers with various punched duct porosity (14%, 30% and 40%) and sound absorbent density (80 Kg/m3, 120 Kg/m3, and 140 Kg/m3) were designed and fabricated. According to ISO9612 and ISO11820, noise level was measured before and after installing all nine test silencers at fixed workstations around the discharge side of a centrifugal fan in a manufacturing plant. On average, the noise level at the discharge side of a fan without silencer was measured to be 93.6 dBA, whereas it was significantly mitigated by 67.4 dBA to 70.1 dBA after installing all silencers. Dynamic insertion loss for a dissipative silencer with 100 cm length was predicted to be 27.9 dB, which was in agreement with experimental ones. Although, there was no significant differences between insertion loss of silencers, the one with 30% porosity and 120 Kg/m3 rock wool density had the highest insertion loss of 26.2 dBA. Dissipative silencers noticeably reduced centrifugal fan noise exposures. Increasing sound absorbent density and duct porosity up to a certain limit could probably be effective in noise reduction of dissipative silencers. 相似文献
79.
油页岩原位注热开采过程中,储层内部孔隙结构的连通性直接影响载热介质的流动行为和传热效率,同时对油气产物的扩散和流动行为起控制作用.本文利用低场核磁共振(LF NMR)技术,考察了不同热解终温(23~650℃)处理时,饱和水及束缚水状态下抚顺油页岩的T2谱,分析了可动流体T2截止值、束缚流体孔隙度、饱和流体孔隙度、渗透率等NMR孔隙参数,定量研究了随热解终温升高,抚顺油页岩孔隙结构的连通性演化规律.研究结果表明热解终温对抚顺油页岩孔隙连通性及渗透率的变化起控制作用,且可动流体孔隙度对总孔隙度的增加起主要促进作用,这说明热解终温升高加大了渗透率及油气产物的输运能力.本文为深入认识油页岩原位热解过程中孔隙结构的演化提供了依据. 相似文献
80.
Chuan Lai Xiaogang Guo Mingfeng Wang Jiajun He Zhuli Wang Bin Xie 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2020,195(8):651-659
AbstractThis work presents on improvement in gravimetric measurement for determining the porosity and thickness of microporous silicon. Herein, the corrosion of fresh macroporous silicon (f-MPSi) in 1.0?M NaOH with different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG 200/400/600) was studied by weight loss measurement and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the corrosion rate decreased with increasing polyethylene glycol concentration, and increased with an increase in temperature. Polyethylene glycol can inhibit the corrosion of f-MPSi in NaOH solution. Moreover, 1.0?M NaOH/PEG 600 (10%) can be used as the optimized solution to remove f-MPSi for measuring its porosity and thickness by gravimetric measurement. 相似文献