培养兴趣,引导创新——《信息光学》理论教学改革实践

重点研究了针对《信息光学》理论性强的课程和学生在学习过程中兴趣下降以及一知半解等问题,着重从提高学生理论学习兴趣,引导学生创新为出发点,通过改进PPT课件,吸引学生注意,采用深入浅出、举一反三、师生互动、启发式教学方法、理论与实际相结合、教学科研相结合等多种方法和手段,帮助学生建立正确的物理概念,促进学生对数学公式所代表的物理意义的理解,达到改善理论教学效果的目的。同时结合创新性实验建设,培养创新型和复合型人才。     

一种牧场配料系统的设计与实现

提出了一种应用于移动Ad Hoc网络的分布式资源接纳控制机制,在目的节点和中间节点部署不同的资源接纳控制模块,能以接近通话或者分组传输的时间间隔适应网络的动态变化,为业务提供较好的QoS保障,并且能够支持多播及接收者异质性。仿真结果表明,添加资源接纳控制机制后,时延、抖动及丢包率分别降低了25.75%,51.76%和24.15%。     

Possibilistic nested logic programs and strong equivalence

In this paper, the class of possibilistic nested logic programs is introduced. These possibilistic logic programs allow us to use nested expressions in the bodies and heads of their rules. By considering a possibilistic nested logic program as a possibilistic theory, a construction of a possibilistic logic programing semantics based on answer sets for nested logic programs and the proof theory of possibilistic logic is defined. In order to define a general method for computing the possibilistic answer sets of a possibilistic nested program, the idea of equivalence between possibilistic nested programs is explored. By considering properties of equivalence between possibilistic programs, a process of transforming a possibilistic nested logic program into a possibilistic disjunctive logic program is defined. Given that our approach is an extension of answer set programming, we also explore the concept of strong equivalence between possibilistic nested logic programs. To this end, we introduce the concept of poss SE-models. Therefore, we show that two possibilistic nested logic programs are strong equivalents whenever they have the same poss SE-models.The expressiveness of the possibilistic nested logic programs is illustrated by a scenario from the medical domain. In particular, we exemplify how possibilistic nested logic programs are expressive enough for capturing medical guidelines which are pervaded by vagueness and qualitative information.     

Real‐Time NMR Spectroscopy for Studying Metabolism

Current metabolomics approaches utilize cellular metabolite extracts, are destructive, and require high cell numbers. We introduce here an approach that enables the monitoring of cellular metabolism at lower cell numbers by observing the consumption/production of different metabolites over several kinetic data points of up to 48 hours. Our approach does not influence cellular viability, as we optimized the cellular matrix in comparison to other materials used in a variety of in‐cell NMR spectroscopy experiments. We are able to monitor real‐time metabolism of primary patient cells, which are extremely sensitive to external stress. Measurements are set up in an interleaved manner with short acquisition times (approximately 7 minutes per sample), which allows the monitoring of up to 15 patient samples simultaneously. Further, we implemented our approach for performing tracer‐based assays. Our approach will be important not only in the metabolomics fields, but also in individualized diagnostics.     

Selective Monofunctionalization Enabled by Reaction‐History‐Dependent Communication in Catalytic Rotaxanes

Selective monofunctionalization of substrates with distant, yet equally reactive functional groups is difficult to achieve, as it requires the second functional group to selectively modulate its reactivity once the first functional group has reacted. We now show that mechanically interlocked catalytic rings can effectively regulate the reactivity of stoppering groups in rotaxanes over a distance of about 2 nm. Our mechanism of communication is enabled by a unique interlocked design, which effectively removes the catalytic rings from the substrates by fast dethreading as soon as the first reaction has taken place. Our method not only led to a rare example of selective monofunctionalization, but also to a “molecular if function”. Overall, the study presents a way to get distant functional groups to communicate with each other in a reaction‐history‐dependent manner by creating linkers that can ultimately perform logical operations at the molecular level.     

基于视觉辐条图案识别方法的蓝宝石引晶机制研究

工业生产蓝宝石晶体过程中,引晶步骤有着至关重要的地位。引晶必须在温度梯度较小,温度分布趋于稳定的条件下进行。目前,工业生产蓝宝石主要依靠人工经验操控籽晶杆实现引晶操作,但是人工引晶操作的准确性不高会导致成品品质不佳、资源浪费。为此,本文提出一种基于蓝宝石视觉辐条图案识别方法来检测蓝宝石熔体状态自由液面状态,从而实现一种高效率引晶的机制。此方法利用经典骨架化算法细化辐条图案,Harris算子实现特征信息的提取,提取的特征信息放入运动轨迹模型中判断熔体稳定性,分析液面温度分布稳定性从而实现引晶。结果表明,此算法具有有效性,蓝宝石晶体引晶效率大大提高,生产出的成品良率也有提升,可有效指导蓝宝石的工业生产。     

基于二阶段异质随机森林的汽油辛烷值预测

构建了基于二阶段异质随机森林的汽油辛烷值预测模型.首先利用样本-位点信息表知识约简模型,筛选出对汽油辛烷值影响大的位点数据作为第一阶段;然后,利用集成学习思想集成支持向量回归和动态时间序列神经网络,构建异质随机森林预测模型作为第二阶段.利用十折交叉法验证模型精度,结果表明该集成学习算法具有有效性和高精度.     

光刻机投影物镜的像差原位检测新技术

提出了一种新的光刻机投影物镜像差原位检测(AMF)技术。详细分析了该技术利用特殊测试标记检测投影物镜球差、像散、彗差的基本原理,论述了该技术利用对准位置坐标计算像差引起的成像位置偏移量的方法。实验结果表明AMF技术可实现球差、彗差、像散等像差参量的精确测量。AMF技术考虑了光刻胶等工艺因素对像差引起的成像位置偏移量的影响,有效避免了目前基于硅片曝光方式的彗差原位检测技术对离焦量、像面倾斜等像质参量限制的依赖。