A robust method for automated background subtraction of tissue fluorescence

This paper introduces a new robust method for the removal of background tissue fluorescence from Raman spectra. Raman spectra consist of noise, fluorescence and Raman scattering. In order to extract the Raman scattering, both noise and background fluorescence must be removed, ideally without human intervention and preserving the original data. We describe the rationale behind our robust background subtraction method, determine the parameters of the method and validate it using a Raman phantom against other methods currently used. We also statistically compare the methods using the residual mean square (RMS) with a fluorescence‐to‐signal (F/S) ratio ranging from 0.1 to 1000. The method, ‘adaptive minmax’, chooses the subtraction method based on the F/S ratio. It uses multiple fits of different orders to maximize each polynomial fit. The results show that the adaptive minmax method was significantly better than any single polynomial fit across all F/S ratios. This method can be implemented as part of a modular automated real‐time diagnostic in vivo Raman system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Calculation of photon angular distribution and polarization for radiative recombination for high-charged hydrogen-like ions

In this paper a systematic study is carried out on the angular distribution and polarization of photons emitted following radiative recombination of H-like ions by a non-relativistic dipole approximation. In order to incorporate the screening effect due to inner-shell electrons, a distorted wave approach is used. The dependences of the calculated angular distribution and polarization on the reduced energy and nuclear charge are fitted by the corresponding empirical formulas respectively.     

飞秒泵浦-探测实验中量子拍频现象的数据处理

The pump-probe experiments for 1,3-dichlorobenzene in gas phase have been performed by femtosecond multiphoton ionization mass spectra at a pump pulse of 270 nm and a probe pulse of 810 nm by using our homebuilt femtosecond laser system. The models for the exponential process and quantum beat are presented to extract the photodissociation dynamics information from the data. A fitting and analyzing software which is programmed by graphical language LabVIEW has been developed for the experimental data. The Convolution, Levenberg Marquardt,and Deconvolution mathematics VIs of LabVIEW are used in this program to make the program much simpler than using other programming languages. The experimental data have been well fitted with this program. The results provide the lifetime of excited-state S1 and the frequency of quantum beat.     

利用imaging方法提取高能重离子碰撞中Core-Halo模型发射源的信息

根据对高斯源的检验, 引入两个π介子相对距离的均方根半径R_rmst来表示高能重离子碰撞中π介子发射源的空间尺寸。 利用imaging计算方法可以不依赖于源模型计算出相对距离的均方根半径。 对Core-Halo模型进行计算并与高斯拟合结果比较, 结果显示, 由于长寿命共振态衰变产生的π介子的贡献, 半径R_rmst显示出较大的π介子发射空间。 另外,对于π介子为混沌发射的情况, 通过imaging方法计算得到的π介子发射源的混沌性参量明显大于高斯拟合所得到的结果。     

水平衡有机相中水的精细结构

由于水在生命科学以及其他领域的重要性,其性质和结构早已引起人们浓厚的兴趣［１］．借助于 ＦＴ－ＩＲ研究反相胶束［２－４］中水的存在状态及构象,获得许多有意义的结果． 研究酞胺与水分子间的氢键作用对于认识生物体系中蛋白质和肽的情况非常重要．因此,从理论［５］和实验［６］的角度都有人在不断努力．但由于未取代酷胺形成的物种复杂,分析较困难．而双取代酰胺只能作为质子接受体,体系比较简单,其研究可供研究未取代酰胺的水化问题的参考． 当萃取剂与水相平衡时,水被萃取人有机相．人们尝试解释萃取剂是如何萃取水的：是…     

过盈压入强化预应力及其变化规律的研究

过盈压入是提高孔连接结构抗疲劳破坏能力的经济而有效的措施。借助于云纹方法，对铝合金LY12CZ板销钉过盈孔的过盈配合，加载及卸载状态下孔两边应变，应力进行了实验检测。研究显示，对于厚度为3－6mm的过盈配合连接，3．1％的过盈量为最佳过盈量；在3．1％过盈量下，过盈配合适宜于名义应为50％σ0.2所对应拉（压）载荷；与较厚的连接件相比较，较薄的过盈配合连接件易获得较强且较稳定的预应力；过盈强化预应力的存在及其在载荷作用时对孔边应力集中程度的降低是抑制疲劳裂纹萌生，提高结构疲劳寿命的原因。     

Fitting models to correlated data (large samples)

The study of the ordered series of residuals of a fit proved to be useful in evaluating separately the pure experimental error and the model bias leading to a possible improvement of the modeling [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 217 (2003) 32]. In the present work this procedure is extended to homogeneous correlated data. This new method allows a separate estimation of pure experimental error, model bias, and data correlation; furthermore, it brings a new insight into the difference between goodness of fit and model relevance. It can be considered either as a study of ‘random systematic errors’ or as an extended approach of the Durbin-Watson problem [Biometrika 37 (1950) 409] taking into account the model error. In the present work an empirical approach is proposed for large samples (n?500) where numerical tests are done showing the accuracy and the limits of the method.     

基于能岗匹配的管理人员配置过程定性模拟研究

能岗匹配是人力资源配置的重要原则。实施动态环境下的能岗匹配需要模拟出管理者素质变量与岗位职能变量的变化趋势与程度，以及这两者的实时匹配程度。首先描述了管理者素质与管理岗位职能的变量，建立了用于能岗匹配的定性模拟模型，设计了状态变量知识表示方法及其转换规则。采用BP神经网络设计了管理人员能岗匹配度计算函数。最后设计了定性模拟步骤并给出了一个模拟应用实例。     

子孔径拼接法检测大口径光学镜面的精度分析

讨论了在用子孔径拼接法检测大口径光学镜面时的精度问题，并分别从理论上和实验中对拼接检验的精度做了定量分析。分别用平面消差、在非圆域内的Zemike多项式系数拟合和在圆域内的Zemike多项式系数拟合等三种方法对检测得到的波面面形数据进行数据处理。通过对这三种方法计算结果的分析，发现利用平面消差法拟合波面数据能更好地保存原始波面信息，且拟合误差较小。最后通过对实验数据的分析和处理验证了平面消差法拟合得到的波面更接近原始波面，拼接效果较好。     

Zernike多项式拟合干涉面方法研究

本文就专著和文献中关于Zernike多项式拟合干涉波面几乎都建设采用Gram-Schimdt正交化方法,而不采用比较简单的传统经典的最小二乘法问题进行了深入研究,从理论和实践上严格地证明了两种方法的等价性。实践中发现,用最小二乘法求解Zernike多项式拟合系数的速度比用Gram-Schimdt正交化方法提高了三倍之多。由于在精密光测技术中,Zernike多项式已被广泛采用,因此,“等价性”的证明具有重要意义,并对于其它类似问题也有着普遍的参考价值。