基于网格化管理视角下灾后应急物流决策模型与算法研究

灾害发生后,应急资源的需求预测与应急配送中心的合理选址是实现高效救援的关键。本文通过在网格化管理视角下的信息更新将应急救援过程划分为多个阶段,在开展救援的过程中实现救援信息收集和救援预测的同步开展,建立一种多阶段带时间约束的应急救援物资配送响应-时效性的选址模型。借助遗传算法(NSGA-II),实现了基于编码结构独立、路径相互关联基础上的多目标规划求解。本研究的决策模型及算法有着较好的搜索与寻优能力,对实际救援开展具有指导意义。     

基于物联网的医用耗材智能屋管理系统

针对医用高值耗材种类繁多、管理难度大的问题,为减少人力成本、提高医用高值耗材的智能化管理水平。本文提出了基于物联网的高值医用耗材智能屋的管理系统,介绍了智能屋的整体架构、系统功能、核心业务及流程设计,主要分为结构模块、RFID模块、数据库模块、控制系统模块四大模块,具体有用户管理、出入库管理、综合查询、预警管理四大业务,通过GM(1,1)模型对2022年全年高值医用耗材的月消耗量进行预测分析,并且检验得该预测模型的精度等级为一级,模型预测效果很好,能够为医院采购人员采购提供了一个参考,避免因过度的主观估计而造成的耗材浪费。该系统能够有效地提高医院对于高值医用耗材的管理水平,减少人力、物力和财力的消耗,为广大患者提供更加优质的医疗服务。本文所提的高值医用耗材智能屋管理系统解决了传统的高值医用耗材管理的诸多难题。     

毗邻沙漠地区微分博弈模型与宏观环境治理策略研究

工业化发展导致了脆弱的土地进一步沙漠化,沙漠地区政府应综合考虑经济发展与土地沙漠化导致的生态质量降低。通过构建两个沙漠化地区微分博弈模型,研究了两个地区的沙漠治理问题。研究结果表明,提高工业生产排放技术或沙漠治理技术均能够提高均衡经济产出水平,在工业生产收益系数较高的情况下也能够提高沙漠治理投入水平,并且两种技术提高存在交互效应;只有对生产排放技术水平和沙漠治理技术水平较高的地区,延长地方政府领导任期有利于沙漠治理;实现沙漠完全治理情况下控制土地再沙化的治理投入低于控制沙漠稳定在一定规模的治理投入。     

基于主被动合作博弈的医患关系研究

针对我国医患关系日趋紧张,医患矛盾逐渐凸显这一问题,在对中国近五年医患事件进行分析的基础上,分别从信任程度、信息不对称程度、诊疗代价等多个视角出发,利用演化博弈理论和复制动态方程,构建了医患双方合作策略选择演化博弈模型,探究了影响医患关系演化的相关因素。研究表明:从长期来看,医患关系博弈系统存在两种演化路径:主动合作和被动合作;增大医患双方的信任程度,减小医患双方的信息不对称程度,降低医患双方合作成本,增大以政府为主导的仲裁机构对医患双方的奖励和惩罚都将会促使医患双方由被动合作转向主动合作。     

区块链技术影响下的供应链系统动态响应性研究

为解决供应链系统中信息时滞和不对称问题,加快推动区块链技术在供应链管理中的创新发展,本文运用控制理论构建由分销商和零售商组成的二级供应链系统控制模型,引入区块链技术影响下的信息校正因子,推导系统的传递函数,通过MATLAB仿真不同需求信号下的订单可变性和库存波动。仿真结果表明:(1)区块链技术的应用提高了库存系统的精准性和稳定性;(2)高库存可变性伴随着高订单可变性;(3)指数平滑系数和区块链技术影响下的信息校正因子有效抑制供应链中的牛鞭效应;(4)信息延迟时间越长,区块链技术影响下的信息校正因子对控制系统的抑制作用越显著。本研究量化了区块链技术对供应链中牛鞭效应的影响,提高了供应链系统的精准性和稳定性,丰富了区块链技术在供应链管理中的应用,为企业管理者提供新的研究思路。     

模拟混凝土孔溶液中钢筋钝化膜生长动力学及孔蚀过程的研究

用恒电位电流衰减法及激光扫描光电化学显微技术研究了在于ＰＨ＝１２．５及１３．８的模拟混凝土孔溶液中钢筋钝化化膜的生长动力学及相应的破坏过程，实验结果表明，钢筋钝化膜的生长过程存在两个主要阶段，各阶段膜厚均与生长时间存在正比对数关系，但当ｔ＜３０秒和ｔ＞３０秒时，膜的生长表出出不同的动力学特征，在钝化发生点蚀前，钝化膜的微区光电流一定的预兆，腐蚀抑制剂ＮａＮＯ２影响膜的生长过程及膜厚，能提高钢筋的抗     

The American (USA) perspective six years after implementation of CLIA'88 (Federal) regulations

 On September 1, 1992 all testing sites in the United States were required to comply with the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA'88). These regulations, based on both total quality management (TQM) and continuous quality improvement (CQI) principles, reshaped the environment for more than 90% of laboratories. CLIA'88 represented a revolutionary change by imposing universal, uniform regulations based on test complexity for all sites examining materials derived from the human body for the purpose of providing information for the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease. CLIA'88 specifies minimum requirements for personnel, quality control, and proficiency testing (PT). In addition, laboratories are required to follow manufacturers' directions and comply with other specified good laboratory practices. PT is mandated for most of the frequently run analyses and quality assurance requirements integrate the principles of CQI as well as TQM into the regulatory process. Biannual inspection is integral to CLIA'88, however, laboratories can choose other federally approved ("deemed") professional organizations, such as the Commission on Office Laboratory Accreditation, the College of American Pathologists, or the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organization, having standards that meet or exceed those of CLIA'88. CLIA'88 has still not been finalized. This article discusses the impact and changes since CLIA's implementation in 1992. Received: 5 October 1998 · Accepted: 20 October 1998     

Variational reactive scattering calculations: computational optimization strategies

Summary We have developed efficient and accurate techniques for the calculation of quantum mechanical reaction probabilities of atom-diatom exchange reactions in the gas phase, and we have optimized a computer code employing these techniques and applied it sucessfully to several systems. In this paper we consider further strategies for improving the algorithm to allow even more demanding applications. In this context, improvement means that equivalent results can be obtained using fewer computational resources (computer time or storage) or that an equivalent expenditure of resources can yield higher accuracy. The new strategies discussed here lead to improvement in both of these areas. Two areas of special focus in the present paper are (i) the finite difference boundary value method used for calculating distorted wave Green's functions and regular solutions for scattering by the distortion potential and (ii) the choice of the distortion potential itself. Among other results included here is the first application of the outgoing wave or scattered wave variational principle to reactive scattering.     

化学计量一级站量值传递工作及经验

介绍了国防科工委化学计量一级站为保证化学量值的准确与统一,在计量标准建立、标准物质研制、测量方法研究等方面所做的工作和经验。     

A unified set of proposals for control and design of high speed data networks

In this paper we articulate our philosophy and approach to the design and control of high speed data networks. The object is to put into perspective and to explain the coordination of various isolated pieces of detailed technical analyses that have been reported in several recent papers. In the process we summarize what we have learnt in our recent work and, also, we give indications of the direction of our future work. Our scheme integrates feedback and open loop control. The feedback control is exercised by sliding windows; access controllers regulate bursty sources. All our design proposals are rooted in asymptotic analyses; the justification for asymptotics comes from the largeness of the parameters, such as propagation delay, speed, window size, buffer size, and the number of virtual circuits. This analysis makes a strong case for operating in a specific moderate usage regime, and adaptive dynamic windowing algorithms are given that make this happen; moreover, when in this regime, buffers may be sized aggressively small without jeopardizing performance and the simplicity of the retransmission protocol. The topics in the paper are: model of communication, results on the steady-state behavior of the basic model, access control, small buffers and retransmission protocols, dynamic adaptive windows, bursty sources, and contrast with previous work.I. Mitrani's work was done while AT&T Bell Laboratories.