Dissipation of a two-mode squeezed vacuum state in the single-mode amplitude damping channel

We explore how a two-mode squeezed vacuum state sechθ e^{a+b+ tanh θ} |00> evolves when it undergoes a singlemode amplitude dissipative channel with rate of decay κ. We find that in this process not only the squeezing parameter decreases, tanh θ → e^-κt tanh θ, but also the second-mode vacuum state evolves into a chaotic state exp{b⁺bln[1 - e^-2κt tanh² θ]}. The outcome state is no more a pure state, but an entangled mixed state.     

频散可控格式的一种推广形式及其在爆轰波马赫反射中应用

频散可控格式是高精度捕捉激波的新格式.对原有频散可控格式(DCD)进行了推广,给出了适用于网格点排列不规则情况下的DCD格式,使其具有更广泛的适应性,在此基础上构造了在非结构三角形网格下的DCD格式.用一些典型算例对推广后的DCD格式进行检验,结果表明该格式是合理和可靠的,并能够较好地保留原有DCD格式的二阶精度.把推广后的DCD格式和具有8种组分和20个化学反应的基元反应模型相结合,对氢氧爆轰波在直管道中的传播问题及楔面上马赫反射问题进行计算,计算结果和实验结果比较表明,在非结构三角形网格下的DCD格式能够有效地捕捉爆轰波,在爆轰波阵面上不会产生振荡或是抹平间断现象.     

耗散系统不可逆过程中的可拓展广义相对论时空关系

在引入非保守非惯性系的基础上对不可逆过程建立非保守系等效性假设，在引入广域度规的基础上对具有复杂行为的时空建立非保守系协变性假设；利用密度分布的不均匀度h(ρ)和粗粒熵S（ρtε）及推导的多标度因数η*计算式，引入非保守惯性质量和非保守引力质量.分析表明，新结果使引力理论与非平衡态统计理论和非线性动力学达到应有的谐和，发展并修正广义相对论. 关键词： 时空关系 耗散系统 不可逆性 可拓展广义相对论 非保守引力质量     

Approximate Toffoli Gate Originated from a Single Resonant Interaction of Cavity Dissipation and Atomic Spontaneous Emission

We propose a potentially practical scheme to implement an approximate three-qubit Toffoli gate by a single resonant interaction in dissipative cavity QED in which the cavity mode decay and atomic spontaneous emission are considered. The scheme does not require two-qubit controlled-NOT gates but uses a three-qubit phase gate and two Hadamard gates, where the approximate phase gate can be implemented by only a single dissipative resonant interaction of atoms with the cavity mode. Discussions are made for the advantages and the experimental feasibility of our scheme.     

微液滴动力学特性的耗散粒子动力学模拟

对传统的耗散粒子动力学方法进行了改进.改进的耗散粒子动力学方法采用了包含远程吸引力和近距排斥力的保守力势函数,从而使得用耗散粒子动力学方法模拟多相流动成为可能.应用改进的耗散粒子动力学方法,对微尺度下液滴的形成及液滴在微重力下的大幅度振荡变形进行了数值模拟.计算结果表明,改进的耗散粒子动力学(DPD)方法能够有效地描述微尺度下液滴的动力学特性,对研究复杂流体多相流动有着重要的意义. 关键词： 多相流 微液滴 耗散粒子动力学(DPD)方法 保守力势函数     

耗散环境下原子-库场相互作用系统中原子的偶极压缩特性

运用全量子理论并结合数值计算方法,研究了处于真空库和热库中原子系统的偶极压缩特性,讨论了原子的初态以及热库的平均光子数对原子偶极压缩特性的影响.研究表明:真空库中,初始处于基态和激发态的叠加态原子,当激发态的粒子布居概率少于基态时,原子的偶极压缩无限接近于零而永远不消失;反之,原子的偶极压缩将在有限的时间内消失;热库中,不管原子初始处于什么态,其偶极压缩都在有限的时间内消失,并且随着热库的平均光子数的增大而消失得越快。     

耗散粒子动力学处理复杂固体壁面的一种有效方法

耗散粒子动力学(dissipative particle dynamics,DPD)作为一种介观尺度拉格朗日型粒子方法,已经成功地应用于微纳米流动和生化科技的研究中.复杂固体壁面的处理和壁面边界条件的实施一直是DPD方法发展及应用的一个障碍.提出了处理复杂固体壁面的一种新的方法.复杂固体区域通过冻结随机分布并且达到平衡状态的DPD粒子代表;所冻结的DPD粒子位于临近流动区域的一个截距内;在靠近固体壁面的流动区域中设置流动反弹层,当流动DPD粒子进入此流动层后反弹回流动区域.应用这种固体壁面处理方法对简单流动区域的Poiseuille流动和复杂多孔介质内的流动进行了分析.研究表明,这种新的固体壁面处理方法能够有效模拟复杂固体区域,准确实施壁面边界条件.     

Temperature effect on dissipative holographicscreening-photovoltaic solitons in a biased dissipative system

In a biased dissipative photovoltaic-photorefractive system, this paper investigates the temperature effect on the evolution and the self-deflection of the dissipative holographic screening-photovoltaic （DHSP） solitons. The results reveal that, the evolution and the self-deflection of the bright and dark DHSP solitons are influenced by the system temperature. At a given temperature, for a stable DHSP soliton originally formed in the dissipative system, it attempts to evolve into another DHSP soliton when the temperature change is appropriately small, whereas it will become unstable or break down if the temperature departure is large enough. Moreover, the self-deflection degree of the solitary beam centre increases as temperature rises in some range, while it is decided by the system parameters and is slight under small-signal condition. The system temperature can be adjusted to change the formation and the self-deflection of the solitary beam in order to gain certain optical ends. In a word, the system temperature plays a role for the DHSP solitons in the dissipative system.     

有耗孤子的最小作用量原理及其在二维光子带隙结构中的应用

采用变分方法对于二维矩形光子带隙结构中X点孤子的耗散以及相干作用进行了动力学分析.通过对由作用量原理得到的孤子参量联立方程组的分析可知，除了耗散作用导致孤子的幅度衰减，并引起孤子横向的展宽以外，同向孤子的相互作用负势函数为耗散作用所减弱，从而使得孤子在x方向的束缚态被削弱.孤子中心间距随x的增加呈现出增幅变化且波动周期增大，当纵向距离增大到一定值后，孤子中心间距将一直增大下去.     

Evidence for the purely electronic character of primary electron transfer in purple bacteria Rh. Sphaeroides

A quantum-chemical calculation of the excited electronic states of a Rh. Sphaeroides reaction centre was performed. We discovered a new excited electronic state which can participate in electron transfer (ET). The energy gradient calculations showed that photoexcitation activates only high-frequency vibrational modes. This contradicts the widely accepted picture of ET resulting from vibrational wave packet motion. An alternative model is suggested where ET has a purely dissipative character and occurs only due to pigment--protein interaction. With this model, we demonstrate that oscillations in the femtosecond spectra can be caused by the new electronic state and non-Markovian character of dissipative dynamics.