Partial widths and branching ratios for the emitted electron resulting from interatomic Coulombic decay in quantum wells heterostructure

Interatomic coulomb decay (ICD) is a decay process relying on the Coulombic interaction between neighbouring atoms, molecules or nanostructures. Due to this process, an electron is emitted into the continuum. We study the ICD process in a system of the double quantum well heterostructure and investigate how we can manipulate the structure's parameters such that a better detection of the ICD's emitted electron is achieved. For this purpose, we calculated the partial widths (PWs) and branching ratios (BRs) of the ICD's emitted electron to the left and right asymptotes of the heterostructure; these will give an estimation of the detection current. We manipulated the structure's parameters and took into account the repulsion from the electron in the ground state located in the left well. By introducing two small barriers in the vicinity of the right QW, we observed a BR three times larger than in the structure without the barriers. We also investigate the effect of repulsion due to the second electron. This work gives a better understanding of the dynamics of the scattered ICD's electron, and realisation of better design rules for future experimental observation of ICD in nanostructures.     

The Linear Optical Unambiguous Discrimination of Hyperentangled Bell States Assisted by Time Bin

A linear optical unambiguous discrimination of hyperentangled Bell states is proposed for two‐photon systems entangled in both the polarization and momentum degrees of freedom (DOFs) assisted by time bin. This unambiguous discrimination scheme can completely identify 16 orthogonal hyperentangled Bell states using only linear optical elements, where the function of the auxiliary entangled Bell state is replaced by time bin. Moreover, the possibility of extending this scheme for distinguishing hyperentangled Bell states in n DOFs is discussed, and it shows that $2^{n+k+1}$ hyperentangled Bell states in n ( $n\ge 2$) DOFs can be distinguished with k ( $k<n$) auxiliary entangled states of additional DOFs by introducing a time delay, which decreases the auxiliary entanglement resource required for unambiguous discrimination of hyperentangled Bell state. Therefore, this scheme provides a new way for distinguishing hyperentangled states with current technology, which will extend the application of discrimination of hyperentangled states via linear optics to other quantum information protocols besides hyperdense coding schemes in the future.     

Simple Equations Method (SEsM): Algorithm,Connection with Hirota Method,Inverse Scattering Transform Method,and Several Other Methods

The goal of this article is to discuss the Simple Equations Method (SEsM) for obtaining exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations and to show that several well-known methods for obtaining exact solutions of such equations are connected to SEsM. In more detail, we show that the Hirota method is connected to a particular case of SEsM for a specific form of the function from Step 2 of SEsM and for simple equations of the kinds of differential equations for exponential functions. We illustrate this particular case of SEsM by obtaining the three- soliton solution of the Korteweg-de Vries equation, two-soliton solution of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, and the soliton solution of the Ishimori equation for the spin dynamics of ferromagnetic materials. Then we show that a particular case of SEsM can be used in order to reproduce the methodology of the inverse scattering transform method for the case of the Burgers equation and Korteweg-de Vries equation. This particular case is connected to use of a specific case of Step 2 of SEsM. This step is connected to: (i) representation of the solution of the solved nonlinear partial differential equation as expansion as power series containing powers of a “small” parameter ϵ; (ii) solving the differential equations arising from this representation by means of Fourier series, and (iii) transition from the obtained solution for small values of ϵ to solution for arbitrary finite values of ϵ. Finally, we show that the much-used homogeneous balance method, extended homogeneous balance method, auxiliary equation method, Jacobi elliptic function expansion method, F-expansion method, modified simple equation method, trial function method and first integral method are connected to particular cases of SEsM.     

Anti‐Pasch optimal packings with triples

It is shown that for , there exists an optimal packing with triples on points that contains no Pasch configurations. Furthermore, for all (mod 6), there exists a pairwise balanced design of order , whose blocks are all triples apart from a single quintuple, and that has no Pasch configurations amongst its triples.     

Gauss’ law of error revisited in the framework of Sharma-Taneja-Mittal information measure

We reformulate the Gauss’ law of error in presence of correlations which are taken into account by means of a deformed product arising in the framework of the Sharma-Taneja-Mittal measure. Having reviewed the main proprieties of the generalized product and its related algebra, we derive, according to the Maximum Likelihood Principle, a family of error distributions with an asymptotic power-law behavior.      

2型糖尿病患者尿液的代谢组学研究

目的 从代谢组学角度分析并寻找2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者可能的代谢标记物。方法 选取30例初诊、或有糖尿病史经药物治疗控制不理想且无并发症的T2DM 患者,另选取30例性别、年龄匹配的健康者为正常对照。收集清晨空腹中段尿,以气相色谱- 质谱联用（GC-MS）技术对尿液样本进行代谢图谱分析,正交偏最小二乘法判别研究尿液内源性化合物在两组间的差异。结果 T2DM 组和正常对照组尿液代谢谱明显分离。与正常对照组比较,T2DM 组尿液2,3,4- 三羟基丁酸、肌醇、D- 葡萄糖、D- 葡萄糖酸及尿素含量升高（P＜0.05 或0.01）,马尿酸含量减少（P＜0.01）。结论 代谢组学检查提示T2DM 患者尿液中代谢标志物为2,3,4- 三羟基丁酸、肌醇、马尿酸、D-葡萄糖、D- 葡萄糖酸及尿素,观察这些标志物含量的变化有助于T2DM 的临床诊断及发病机制研究。     

The Wigner–Yanase information can increase under phase sensitive incoherent operations

We found that the Wigner-Yanase skew information, which has been recently proposed as a measure of coherence in Girolami (2014), can increase under a class of operations which may be interpreted as incoherent following the framework of Baumgratz et al., while being phase sensitive.